“coal” - global methane
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“COAL”
Hasan Hüseyin ERDOĞAN
Chief of Section General Directorate of Energy Affairs
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources TURKEY
October 13 , 2011 Krakow
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production, Productivity & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
Coal provides 29.6% of global primary energy needs and generates 42% of the world's electricity
•Total Global Hard Coal Production 6,185Mt (2010e) 5,789Mt (2009) 3,493Mt (1990)
•Total Global Brown Coal/Lignite Production 1,042Mt (2010e) 1,033Mt (2009) 1,184Mt (1990)
World Figures
The Republic of TURKEY
• World Hardcoal Reserve : 710.6 billion tonnes – Turkey : 1.3 billion tonnes (0.18%)
• World Lignite Reserve :279.3 billion tonnes – Turkey :11.8 billion tonnes (4.2%)
The Republic of TURKEY
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
2005 2010 2015 2020
ktoe
Coal OilNatural Gas HydroOther Renewables Nuclear
TPES by sources (Projection)
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production Productivity & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
• State-owned companies operating in the sector: - TTK Turkish Hard Coal Enterprise - TKI Turkish Coal Enterprises - EUAS Electricity Generation Company - MTA Mineral Research and Exploration Company • TTK was the only company dealing with hard coal production but currently
some of the hard coal production in the area is done by private sector companies also.
• VMİ rt oducgu about halh of cnn nignite production (app.45% in 2008)
• EUAS produces lignite for its power plants (app. 46% in 2008)
• MTA carry on exploration studies • Private companies produce around 9% of total lignite production and
currently around 35 % of total hard coal production
The Republic of TURKEY
hard coal fired power plant -TTK industry (mainly steel production) heating EUAS’s coal fired power plants - TKI heating to residences and services industry (sugar, textile, bricket etc.) - EUAS its coal fired power plants - MTA carry on exploration studies coal fired power plants - Private heating to residences industry (mainly cement and sugar sector,)
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production Productivity & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
The Republic of TURKEY
• Coal potential has been studied in addition to the existing reserves especially for lignite. • By exploration studies starting from the year 2005 additional lignite
reserves have been found through the country.
• By the addition of these reserves, total lignite reserve reaches to 11,75 billion tonnes.
The Republic of TURKEY
Lignite Reserves (million Ton) Possible 143 Probable 827 Proven 10,782 Total 11,752
The calorific value of lignite reserves varies between 1000 kcal/kg and 4200 kcal/kg
Hard Coal Reserves (1000 Ton) Possible 368,447 Probable 424,955 Proven 526,151 Total 1,319,553
The calorific value of hard coal reserve varies between 6200 kcal/kg and 7200 kcal/kg
The Republic of TURKEY
Distribution of Lignite Reserves
REZERV (Bin Ton)
ESTABLISHMENT PROVEN PROBABLE POSSIBLE TOTAL
EÜAŞ 4,741,300 104,500 4,845,800
TKİ 2,203,394 251,811 1,560 2,556,765
MTA 2,643,196 108,334 2,964 2,754,494
Private Sector 1,094,189 362,122 138,617 1,594,927
TOPLAM 10,782,079 826,767 143,141 11,751,987
The Republic of TURKEY
Rank of Lignite Reserves
<1000 kcal/kg 3,18 %
>4000 kcal/kg 0,84 %3001-4000kcal/kg
5,16 %
2001-3000 kcal/kg24,5 %
1000-2000 kcal/kg% 66,32 %
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production, Productivity & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
Lignite Production (1000 tonnes)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
TKI 29,359 31,074 30,526 36,697 32,451
EUAS 24,844 27,243 34,871 36,658 36,267
PRIVATE 3,505 3,706 6,724 2,816 6,858
TOTAL 57,708 62,023 72,121 76,171 75,576
0.00
10,000.00
20,000.00
30,000.00
40,000.00
50,000.00
60,000.00
70,000.00
80,000.00
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
PRIVATE
EUAS
TKI
The Republic of TURKEY
Hard Coal Production (1000 tonnes)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
TTK 1,665 1,522 1,675 1,586 1,880
PRIVATE 505 796 787 1,043 983
TOTAL 2,170 2,318 2,462 2,629 2,863
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3000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
PRIVATE
TTK
The Republic of TURKEY
Lignite consumption by sectors (1000 ton)
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ELECTRITY GENERATION 48,319 50,584 60,536 65,685 62,894
HEATING 4,807 5,309 6,602 4,890 6,530
INDUSTRY 3,362 4,211 5,006 4,553 6,142
TOTAL 56,488 60,104 72,144 75,128 75,566
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40000
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60000
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
INDUSTRY
HEATING
ELECTRITY GENERATION
The Republic of TURKEY
Hard Coal consumption by sectors(1000 ton) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
ELECTRITY GENERATION 5,259 5,477 5,912 6,197 6,361
STEEL PRODUCTION 4,218 4,745 4,443 5,526 4,900
HEATING 935 865 865 6,516 7,337
INDUSTRY 8,970 11,671 13,984 4,135 4,918
TOTAL 19,382 22,758 25,204 22,374 23,516
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
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30000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
INDUSTRY
SPACE HEATING
STEEL PRODUCTION
ELECTRITY GENERATION
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production, Productivity & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation • Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
Other
hydro
gas
oil
wood+agr.waste
coal
Primary Energy Supply-1970-2008 (1000 toe)
The Republic of TURKEY
The Republic of TURKEY
Primary Energy Supply-2003-2020
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50000
100000
150000
200000
250000 20
03
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1000
TOE
Hardcoal Lignite Oil Gas Hydro Other REN Nuclear
Primary energy demand will increase by 160% by 2020 Import Dependency will keep its level of over 70%
Installed Capacity by Fuel (2000-2008)
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5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
OTHER RENEWABLES
HYDRO
NATURAL GAS
MULTI FUEL
OIL
LIGNITE
IMPORTED COAL
HARD COAL
The Republic of TURKEY
Coal Fired Power Plant Projects (getting licence above 50 MW)
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2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Domestic Lignite Domestic Asphaltit Domestic Coal Bedded Methane
Import Coal Total
1,978
405 1,150
6,515
10,048
Installed Capacity (MW)
Source: EMRA.
The Republic of TURKEY
OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Structure of the Coal Sector
• Coal Potential
• Production & Consumption
• Coal in Electricity Generation
• Major developments in Coal Sector
The Republic of TURKEY
CBM Exploration and Utilization Project
DISTRICT 1 DISTRICT 2
BLACK SEA
CBM-4
CBM-3
CBM-2
Zonguldak District
6.7m3 /ton
11.25m3/ton
16.9m3/ton
Developments in CBM Studies •Starting from the year 1972, the studies for coal bed metane have been carried out in Zonguldak basin.
• Studies were mostly related with safety concept of a underground hard coal mine to be able to get rid of accidents(methane drainage)
•Later on several times the region have been awarded for exploration and utilization of CBM in the basin.
•In 08.03.2005 a contract has been signed by TTK and HEMA Cooperation. By this agreement the region is contracted to the company by 15 years including 2 years exploration studies.
•The studies within the context of the agreement have been carried out by the compony in the region. Recently, it is assummed that there exist around 60 bcm of CBM potential which 10 bcm of it can be recoverable.
The Republic of TURKEY
TÜM ÇALIŞMALARIN BAŞARILI SONUÇLANMASI DİLEĞİ İLE !!!
Main Strategies in the Sector •Ensuring the diversification of primary energy sources, reducing the import dependency and increasing the share of indigeneous sources for supply security,
• Utilization of known lignite and hard coal reserves till 2023 for electricity generation,
•Inreasing the ratio of power plants running with domestic coal in the portfolio
•Power plants running with high quality import coal will also be preferred considering supply security
• Exploration of new coal fields and increasing coal production
•Utilisation of clean coal technologies to minimize the advers effects of coal on the environment
The Republic of TURKEY
“COAL”
Hasan Hüseyin ERDOĞAN
Chief of Section General Directorate of Energy Affairs
Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources TURKEY
October 13 , 2011 Krakow
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