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Cold War
CHY4U
Ideological Warfare
Soviet Ideology US Ideology
Authoritarian Freedom
One Party Rule Democracy, Multi-Party
Command Economy Laissez Faire
State Controlled Media Free Media
Leaders
US USSR
Harry Truman, 45-53 Stalin, -53
Dwight Eisenhower, 53-61 Nikita Krushchev, 53-64
John F. Kennedy, 61-63
Lyndon B. Johnson, 63-69 Leonid Brezhnev, 64-82
Richard M. Nixon. 69-74
Gerald Ford, 74-77
Jimmy Carter, 77-81 Y. Andropov, 82-84
Ronald Reagan, 81-89 Chernenko, 84-85
George Bush Gorbachev, 85-91
Germany & Berlin Divided
PBS, WWII Behind Closed Doors, Prelude to the Cold War, N.d.,
http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/maps/index.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
The Soviet Bloc
PBS, WWII Behind Closed Doors, Prelude to the Cold War, N.d., http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/maps/index.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
• At the end of WWII, there were 10 million Soviet troops occupying half of Europe
Marshall Plan
• See chart in textbook on page 407
Cristen Conger, How Did a Harvard Commencement Speech Help Save Europe After World War II?, How Stuff Works, N.d., http://history.howstuffworks.com/history-vs-myth/marshall-plan2.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
“For European Recovery Supplied by the United States of America”
Comecon
Flag of Comecon, Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
Comecon, Wikipedia, 2012, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comecon (Jan. 6, 2013).
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
Lynn Hunt, History IC: Introduction to Western Civilization, UCLA Department of History, N.d., http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/history/hunt/classes/1c/Cold%20War.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
China Goes Red
Mao Proclaims PRC, Oct. 1, 1949
Craig Hill, October 1, 1949 Mao Zedong Proclaims People’s Republic of China, China Daily Mail, Oct. 1, 2012, http://chinadailymail.com/2012/10/01/18322/ (Jan. 6, 2013).
Korean War
Spartacus Educational, Korean War: Primary Sources, N.d., http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAkorea.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
Vietnam War
NYU Wikis, Cold War Containment: Vietnam War, 2007, https://wikis.nyu.edu/ek6/modernamerica/index.php/Imperialism/ColdWarContainment (Jan. 6, 2013).
• L B Johnson:– “I am not going to be the president who saw
Southeast Asia go the way China went.”
Communist Victory
May 12, 1975 cover of Time Magazine
Time Topics: Vietnam – Ho Chi Minh, 2012, http://topics.time.com/vietnam/covers/ (Jan. 6, 2013).
CIA Coup in Iran
Also on that day:
Aug. 20, 1953 Moscow Says U. S. Aided Shah's CoupBy THE NEW YORK TIMES
"Royalists Oust Mossadegh; Army Seizes Helm"
James Risen, The Secret History of the CIA in Iran: Page Ones, The New York Times, 2000, http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/082053iran-pageone.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Chile
Time, Magazine Covers, Sept. 24, 1973, 2013, http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19730924,00.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Sept. 24, 1973 cover of Time Magazine
Time, Salvador Allende, 2013, http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19701019,00.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Oct. 10, 1970 cover of Time Magazine
Nicaragua
Tim Rogers, Why Nicaragua Is Ready to Re-Elect Daniel Ortega, BBC News, Nov. 2, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15431835 (Jan. 6, 2013).
Biography.com, Daniel Ortega, 1996-2013, http://www.biography.com/people/daniel-ortega-40192
(Jan. 13, 2014).
Ortega was Sandinista leader fighting the CONTRAS, rebels secretly funded by the US
President of Nicaragua
Afghanistan
Russians Warn of Afghan Perils, BBC, Feb. 14, 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7888566.stm (Jan. 6, 2013).
Soviet troops left Afghanistan in 1989 after ten years
Mujahideen resistance fighters
Bin Laden
Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan
In Pictures: Osama Bin Laden’s Life, BBC, May 2, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-13256959 (Jan. 6, 2013).
Cuba
• American economic interests in Cuba were strong: sugar industry.
• Dictator Fulgencio Batista had American support.
Fidel Castro and Che Guevara enter Havana in victory in 1959 after years of guerilla war
Cuban Revolution’s 50th Anniversary, The Telegraph, Jan. 2, 2009, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/cuba/4062159/Cuban-revolutions-50th-anniversary-Raul-Castro-says-movement-is-stronger-than-ever.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Poland June 1956
Poznan uprising involved strikes and military threats both from the Polish government and Soviet troops
Poland 1956: the Poznan Uprising, Socialist Worker Online, July 1, 2006, http://www.socialistworker.co.uk/article.php?article_id=9117 (Jan. 8, 2013).
Hungary Oct. 1956
Student march in Oct. in Budapest
Statue of Stalin downed
BBC News, In Pictures: the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, Oct. 23, 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/6070552.stm (Jan. 8, 2013).
Soviet Reaction
Soviet tanks sent in
BBC News, In Pictures: the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, Oct. 23, 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/6070552.stm (Jan. 8, 2013).
Czechoslovakia
Prague Spring under Communist reformer Alexander Dubcek
Soviet tanks
Jan Velinger, The Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia and the Crushing of the Prague Spring, Radio Prague, Aug. 20, 2003, http://www.radio.cz/en/section/czechs/the-soviet-invasion-of-czechoslovakia-and-the-crushing-of-the-prague-spring (Jan. 8, 2013).
Cuban Missile Crisis
US aerial photo shows Soviet missiles in Cuba
BBC, Cuba Profile, Nov. 4, 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-19576144 (Jan. 6, 2013).
Cuba’s proximity to the US
US-Cuban Relationship
It was a case with all the elements that would appear repeatedly during the cold war: a corrupt, repressive leader backed by the United States for his anti-Communist and pro-business views; a rising but poorly understood nationalistic insurgency; a policy of strong support for the dictator until his imminent collapse prompted a vain, hurried search for some moderate alternative; and the fall of the dictator coupled with the emergence of a revolutionary Government that viewed the United States with suspicion and hostility.
Thomas Carothers, Backing the Wrong Tyrant: Book Review of Contesting Castro, New York Times, June 12, 1994, http://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/12/books/backing-the-wrong-tyrant.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm (Jan. 6, 2013).
Detente
Nixon and Brezhnev meet in Moscow, 1972
BBC, On This Day: May 22, 1972, http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/22/newsid_4373000/4373149.stm (Jan. 6, 2013).
Nixon in China
• Nixon, learning of a split between China and the USSR, wanted to play them off against each other, and improved US relations with China by going there in 1972
Time Magazine Covers, Nixon in China, Mar. 6, 1972, 2013, http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19720306,00.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Star Wars
Reagan speaks about Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) in 1988
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museums, Speeches, N.d., http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/speeches.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
• Military spending increased under Reagan from $171 billion (1981) to $300 billion (1985)
Sputnik
1957 Soviet media announcement of the world’s first artificial satellite
Jonathan Strickland, How Sputnik Worked, How Stuff Works, N.d., http://science.howstuffworks.com/sputnik.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
Soviet scientist works with Sputnik, a sphere made of aluminum alloy. Even NASA credits it with the indirect creation of itself as a result of kicking off the space race between the US and the USSR.
NASA Image of the Day Gallery: Sputnik I, Oct. 4, 2011, http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_924.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
• After Sputnik II was launched only one month after Sputnik I President Eisenhower was accused of allowing a “technological Pearl Harbour”
1961-1969
May 25, 1961 President Kennedy says US will get to the moon by the end of the 1960s
NASA History Office, The Decision to Go to the Moon, 2012, http://history.nasa.gov/moondec.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Man on the Moon
Neil Armstrong working on the lunar module
NASA, July 20, 1969: One Giant Leap for Mankind, July 10, 2009, http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11_40th.html (Jan. 8. 2013).
Angola
Cuban soldiers fought alongside rebels against the South African government
Cuba and the Struggle for Democracy in South Africa, South African History Online, N.d., http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/cuba-and-struggle-democracy-south-africa (Jan. 8, 2013).
Ethiopia
Colonel Mengitsu Haile Mariam (seen with Fidel Castro) collectivized agriculture in the late 1970s and received much support from the USSR and Cuba in their battle with Somalia
BBC News Africa, Ethiopia Profile, Sept. 23, 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13351397 (Jan. 8, 2013).
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