common cold hasnain ppt

Respiratory Tract Infections & Asthma

Topics to covered….Common cold by S.M.HASNAIN ALI NAQVI (ROLL

NO 7)

Pharyngitis by MOTASIM ANWER (ROLL NO 21)

Sinusitis by IKRAM KHAN (ROLL NO 18)

Bronchitis by M.AHSAN EJAZ(ROLL NO 3)

Asthma by SAMIYA YAQOOB (ROLL NO 15) & UROOJ ILYAS (ROLL NO 14)

Common cold

The common cold, or upper respiratory tract infection, usually is caused by one of several respiratory viruses,

Common colds are mild infections of the nose and throat, which are very common in young children (and in adults who are around them), and are caused by many different viruses.

There are around 200 cold viruses, including over 100 rhinoviruses.

Causes over 200 different varieties of viruses can cause the symptoms

of a cold

The most common virus is called the rhinovirus.

Other viruses include the corona virus, parainfluenza virus,

adenovirus, enterovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus.

RISK FACTORSAge:1. Infants and preschool

children are especially susceptible to common colds because they haven't yet developed resistance to most of the viruses that cause them.

2. Children who doesn’t frequently careful about washing their hands and covering their mouths and noses when they cough and sneeze.

ImmunityAs you age, you develop

immunity to many of the viruses that cause common colds.

You'll have colds less frequently than you did as a child.

However, you can still come down with a cold when you are exposed to cold viruses or have a weakened immune system.

Time of year

Both children and adults are more susceptible to colds in fall and winter. That's because children are in school and most people spend a lot of time indoors.

Sign and SymptomsRunny nose

Cough,Congestio

nSneezingWatery eyes

Mild fatigue

Itchy or sore

throat

Low-grade fever

Treatment There's no cure for the common cold.

Antibiotics are of no use against cold viruses.

Treatment should focus on symptom relief.

The most commonly used treatments include over-the-counter, antihistamines, decongestants, cough suppressants, and expectorants.

These treatments can be used alone or in combination.

LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMIDIES .

Drink lots of fluids

Try chicken soup

Get some rest

Soothe your throat

Pain relievers (symptomatic treatment).For fever, sore throat and

headache, many people turn to acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or other mild pain relievers.

Keep in mind that acetaminophen can cause liver damage, especially if taken frequently or in larger than recommended doses.

Don't give acetaminophen to children under 3 months of age.

Decongestant nasal spraysAdults shouldn't use

decongestant drops or sprays for more than a few days because prolonged use can cause chronic rebound inflammation of mucous membranes.

And children shouldn't use decongestant drops or sprays at all.

Example: pseudoephedrine, phenlyepherine

Cough syrupsthat dextromethorphan provides

a modest clinical benefit.Studies showed a reduction in

the frequency and severity of cough for persons 18 years or older without significant adverse effects.

Example:Codeine, dextromethorphan

Prevention Wash your

hands. Scrub your

stuffUse tissues

Don't shareSteer clear of

colds

COMPLICATION

Acute ear infection

Wheezing

Sinusitis.