computer hardware_castro

COMPUTER HARDWARE

WHAT IS COMPUTER HARDWARE?

Refers to the physical and mechanical components of the computer system.

It consists of devices such as: circuit boards chips Monitors Disks Disk drives Modem Keyboards Printers

EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

MECHANICAL CALCULATOR

made by Wilhelm Schickard.used cogs and gears similar to

those in clocks .

PUNCH CARD TECHNOLOGY

ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR ANALYZER AND

COMPUTER(ENIAC)

designed by John Presper and John William Mauchly.

it was built by the US Army in 1945 to calculate the trajectory of ballistic missiles, at a cost of almost $500,000.

FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

STORAGE Refers to the ability of computer to store and

retain data in their memories

Types of Memory

1. Volatile memory - refers to computer memory that requires electric power to maintain stored data.

ex. Random-access memory (RAM)2. Non-volatile memory – retains data even if

electric is cut off.ex. hard disks, floppy disks, and CD

ROMs

PROCESS Data processing - Is defined as the conversion of

data from one format to another

DATA – refers to a collection of numbers and characters which the computer understands.

MICROPROCESSOR – brain of the computer controls the flow of data – Central processing unit (CPU)

METHOD OF PROCESSING Parallel Processing - harnesses the power

multiple processors in one computing entity to perform a single task.

Distributed Processing - is used to bind multiple computing entity so that they become a single centralized unit focused on common task or goal.

INPUT computer hardware can take commands and be

fed with information

Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Trackball touch pad Joystick graphic tablet light pen cyber gloves touch screen

OUTPUT

ways for computers to communicate to the outside world, beginning with you.

Output Devices Monitor or screen Speaker printer

PARTS OF THE

COMPUTER

MONITOR

screen that displays what is going on in the computer.

KEYBOARD

Used to input textual information to the computer

MOUSE

lets you feeds instructions to the computer by simply pointing and clicking in a graphical environment

SYSTEM CASE

box that house the CPU.It has expansion slots contains

spare drive bays, and allows space to work inside for

attachments to the system unit.

MOTHERBOARD

main circuit board in the computer.

Its chipset must support the kind of hardware you want with your system.

MAIN MEMORY/RAM

allows computers to store and retain information.

PROCESSOR

brain of the computer that handles the flow of all data.

HARD DISK

storage device that holds the operating system and other programs and data files.

FLOPPY DISK DRIVE

Perhaps the slowest form of long term secondary storage for the computer is the floppy disk with 1.44 MB disk drive.

CD-ROM/DVD-ROM DRIVE

reads CDs or DVDs.

VIDEO/GRAPHICS CARD

most graphics cards today have at least 32 MB.

Using a card that has less might cause problems with the computer you are building because many programs that use heavy graphics will not work.

SOUND CARD

converts data into sound to be sent to speakers or converts sounds to digital formats.

CABLE CONNECTORS

computer parts cannot come together by themselves.

OTHER PERIPHERALS

optional devices that you connect to your computer, like printers and removable storage devices.

PREPARED BY:Charity_Castro