computers history created by magdalena sarzyńska

Computers historyCreated by Magdalena Sarzyńska

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What is a computer today?

First computers

Types of computers today

What is a computer today?

A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions.

It could be a first computer.

The period 2700–2300 B.C. saw the first appearance of the Sumerian abacus, a table of successive columns which delimited the successive orders of magnitude of their sexagesimal number system.

What was next?

John Napier created Napier’s bones - machine for calculation of products and quotients of numbers that was based on Arab mathematics and lattice multiplication used by Fibonacci writing in the Liber Abaci.

How it’s work?

index 7 8 3 9 +-------+--------+--------+--------+---------+ | | / | / | / | / | | 6 | 4 / 2 | 4 / 8 | 1 / 8 | 5 / 4 | | | / | / | / | / | +-------+--------+--------+--------+---------+

4 7 0 3 4 <= (*6)

Few dates

In 1882 Charles Babbage’s engines were among the first mechanical computers, although they were not actually completed, largely because of funding problems and personality issues.

In 1927 Vannevar Bush constructed a Differential Analyser, an analog computer that could solve differential equations with as many as 18 independent variables.

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC)

In 1939 Howard Hathaway Aiken encountered differential equations that he could only solve numerically. He envisioned an electro-mechanical computing device that could do much of the tedious work for him. This computer was originally called the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC) and later renamed Harvard Mark I. With help from Grace Hopper and funding from IBM, the machine was completed in 1944.

What was that?

It was ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer ) - was the first general-purpose electronic computer. It was the first Turing-complete, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems. This machine created John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly from Moore School of Electrical Engineering (University of Pennsylvania).

Types of computers today

Mainframe - are computers used mainly by large organizations for critical applications, typically bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, ERP, and financial transaction processing.

Wearable computers are computers that are worn on the body. They have been applied to areas such as behavioral modeling, health monitoring systems, information technologies and media development. Wearable computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.

Types of computers today

A Tablet PC is a notebook or slate-shaped mobile computer, equipped with a touchscreen or graphics tablet/screen hybrid technology which allows the user to operate the computer with a stylus or digital pen, or a fingertip, instead of a keyboard or mouse.

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer also known as small or palmtop computers. Newer PDAs also have both color screens and audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones, (smartphones), web browsers, or portable media players. Many PDAs can access the Internet, intranets or extranets via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide-Area Networks (WWANs). Many PDAs employ touch screen technology.

Types of computers todayA laptop computer, also known as a notebook computer, is a small personal computer designed for mobile use. A laptop integrates all of the typical components of a desktop computer, including a display, a keyboard, a pointing device (a touchpad, also known as a trackpad, or a pointing stick) and a battery into a single portable unit. The rechargeable battery is charged from an AC/DC adapter and has enough capacity to power the laptop for several hours.

A desktop computer is a personal computer (PC) in a form intended for regular use at a single location, as opposed to a mobile laptop or portable computer. Prior to the wide spread of microprocessors a computer that could fit on a desk was considered remarkably small. Today the phrase usually indicates a particular style of computer case. Desktop computers come in a variety of styles ranging from large vertical tower cases to small form factor models that can be tucked behind an LCD monitor.

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