conesus lake – agricultural implications. mandatory on all cafo sized farms, over 1000 animal...
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Conesus Lake – Agricultural Implications
•Mandatory on all CAFO sized farms, over 1000 animal units
•Voluntary on dairy/livestock farms with 300 - 999 animal units
•Will be required (voluntary compliance) on all farms with animals by 2009
AEM Planning
Key Elements of Plan
•Nutrient Management – soil fertility, fertilizers, manure, bio-solids, legume or cover crop generated nutrients
•Farmstead water management – roof water, open barnyards, silage storage
•Soil management/erosion control
P application using inorganic P and/or manure shall be consistent with either:
• P index - risk determination.
• P threshold - if soil test P (STP) > saturation, no P.
• Agronomic soil test - if soil test says no P needed, then no P is to be added.
The P index gives the greatest flexibility.The P index is a better risk indicator than STP and
threshold.
P Index
NRCS Code 590:
P indices are being developed in many states.
NY, MD, PA, DE and VT all have draft P indices.
A regional group is working on unification of the P index for the NE.
Sharpley and Beegle, 1999.
P Index
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
<1 very low
1-3 low
4-8medium
9-19 high
20-39high
>40 very high
Soil Test P (Morgan in lbs P/acre)
% o
f th
e to
tal s
ampl
e si
ze
Soil test P (Morgan in lbs P/acre)
Dis
trib
utio
n (%
of
tota
l sam
ple
size
)
New York State (72669 samples)
50.5%
P Index
Just because soil P is high, does not mean it reaches ground and/or surface water.
90% of soluble P comes from 10-20% of a watershed (Gburek, USDA-ARS).
The P index allows for the identification (and subsequent management) of these high risk fields.
P Index
Source/Transport Concept
High PSource Level
HighTransport Risk
Critical Source Area
P Index
Sharpley and Beegle, 1999.
Soil test as “source” indicator.
Stream proximity as “transport” indicator.
P Index
Soil Test Results
• Phosphorus levels – low to very high
• Soil pH
• Organic matter
• Calcium – Magnesium; buffer capacity
• Other elements
Manure Systems
Daily spread vs. storage
Manure Systems
Daily spread vs. storage
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