confederate constitution by sierra ragen
Post on 13-Jul-2015
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1st created weak gov’t.,
that proved to be ineffective.
1st national constitution of the U.S.
Replaced the Articles of
Confederation
1781-1789
Articles of Confederation
Ratification of 13 states=March 1, 1781.
Each state kept independence and concerns but agreed to work together. Six faded handwritten pages.
Article One= Names new nation, The United States of America.
Article Two= Clearly states the states involved would keep their independence.
Article Three= Establishes confederation, agreeing if one state became under attack the others would help.
Passed=late 1777 states agreeing later on
Each year a Congress of delegates would meet bout
common issues.
Each state got one vote and had the final say.
Helped hold 13 states during Revolution
Congress could make decisions but not enforce them.
Didn’t work because gov’t had little power.
Ben Franklin got the idea for the Articles of Confederation
from the Iroquois Confederation
Iroquois Confederation: Five, later six nations called
themselves “the people of the longhouse” and agreed to
stand by one another in defense. Weapons were placed
in the peace tree after it got cut up, then were retrieved
when needed.
Hiawatha
Deganawida
Peace Tree
Northern and Southern states became divided, Northern states prohibited slavery.
Sovereign, loosely connected states.
Agreed certain rights to people living in territory.
“ There would be neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude in the said
territory”, was another part of the
northwest ordinance.
Passed by congress + under articles of
confederation= no authority. Via problem.
Trial by jury, public education
& freedom of religion were
gained
August 1786
Court houses were shut down; they marched to state supreme court.
Rebels in Western Massachusetts!!
Closed down commonwealth’s supreme court in Worcester & freed imprisoned debaters in Springfield.
1,200 other farmers aside Shays; mostly unpaid veterans.
Shays and men gathered weapons before going to Boston.
Governor of Boston= sent force under General Benjamin Lincoln in defense.
Shays and men attacked Lincoln, Lincolns men killed four of Shays men. The rest got out of there.
Danielle Shays: captain in
continental army, bankrupt famer. And leader of rebellion.
Born 16, 1751 in Virginia into Tobacco farming family
Owned Montpellier, small businesses and land in VA.
Went to boarding school at young age, started college at Jersey College, aka Princeton. Studied law and other liberal arts.
May have been 1st
American politician
Virginia State Legislature 1776-1779 & youngest member of Continental Congress
Pushed for the Constitution
Made Virginia Plan
Present everyday of the Convention in Philadelphia, spoke about 200 times
Federalist Papers were a convincing part of the New York paper to NY voters to agree to the Constitution.
Wrote pages 10,14,37-58 & 62-63 of Federalist Papers as a Founding Father
Montpellier
Life
• April 13 1743= Birth
• July 4, 1896= Death
Wrote Declaratio
n of Independence &
Statue of Religious Views in
VA.
Accomplishments Con’t’d
Creator of University of Virginia. At
age 26 he built Monticello.
Started Jefferson
Diplomacy believing in the common
man and pallet government.
Family
Wife: Martha Wales
Skelton, died of illness after a decade
of marriage
She gave
birth to six of TJ’s
children.
First Term: March 4, 1801 through March 4 1805.
Second Term: March 4, 1805 through March
3, 1809.
Owned around
200 slaves p/year.
Two only ever
escaped. He freed
five.
Chesapeake Bay was a major incident during his
presidency
British attacked the British’s Leopard ship on the US
ship called Chesapeake USS.
Chesapeake became severely damaged, holding
British men. Goods and $ were lost
Embargo Act prohibiting any exporting/ importing
goods existed after the Chesapeake incident. Caused
American economy to suffer.
Born January 17, 1706 in Boston Massachusetts
Spent just two years in public school due to lack of money.
1729 he started the Pennsylvania Gazette; a newspaper
Married Deborah Read, they had two sons and a daughter.
Wrote Poor Richards Almanac , examples are the sayings “snug as a bug in a rug” & “Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise”
Ben invented the Bifocals, glass harmonica, the lightning rod, an Odometer, eclectic light bulb, first controllable airplane & Franklin Stove
Glass Harmonica:
Hands ran up and
down holes to
project beautiful
music.
Bifocals: eyeglasses
with split lenses. One
half helps see closer up
another helps see
farther away.
The Lightning Rod: by
attactching it to a
building lightning
attacked it ,grounding it
and not hitting the
building.
Odometer:
Tracks distance on a
carriage
Franklin Stove: Iron
furnace stove that
heated houses
safely and
efficiently.
Electric light bulb: A
bulb conducting
electricity and
protrudes light.
First Controllable
Airplane: A
Treaty of Peace with Great Britain 1782
The Constitution of The United States of America in 1787
Ben signed five documents which helped Americas independence
Declaration of Independence in 1776
Treaty of Alliance with France in 1778
Treaty of Amity and Alliance with France in 1778
During the fight for independence he was sent to Europe to represent the 13 colonies.
James Madison did most the work because he
wanted a new national government, it overruled the
Articles of Confederation
JM declared : “ought to be established, consisting of a
supreme Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary”
Power to make laws binding upon states and raise
its own money through taxes
Leg= two houses; one where each state elected members,
2nd nominations were made by state gov’t but were elected
by 1st house
Representatives for each state reflects states population
Benefit big states: New York, Virginia & Massachusetts
William Paterson a New Jersey delegate made this possible with a counterproposal @ Virginia Plan convention
Kept Articles of Confederation
Modifications were wanted instead; taxes and regulate trade earned state money
June 19, 1787 Virginia Plan was voted to be kept
Southern and Northern states became divided based upon slavery treatment
North Carolina warned “ If we do not concede on both sides, our business must soon end”
Dedicated delegates declined being on the committee
Benjamin Franklin chaired proceedings
1st House of Representatives=the states would be represented according to size of population
2nd House= Voters in each state elected House of Representatives
State legislatures would choose Senators
Federal System
Prevents one of the branches from becoming too powerful
• Rule by people was the base for new constitution
3 branches= Legislature, Executive &
Judicial
Leg: Make laws
Exec: President enforces laws
Jud: Federal courts No one can serve in two branches at once
December 1787 & January 1788= First state
conventions
Delaware, Pennislivaynia, New Jersey, Georgia, and
Connecticut ratified constitution
John Hancock and Samuel Adams signed, they also
signed the Declaration of Independence.
1781 1787 1788
The Articles of
Confederation
are ratified by
the states
Constitutional
Convention in
Philadelphia drafts
the Constitution of
the United States
Constitution is
ratified by 11 of
13 states and
goes to effect
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