construction personnel management
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
ASSIGNMENT
ON
CONSTRUCTION PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
NCP 22
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
ASSIGNMENT
NICMAR / CODE OFFICE
1. Course No. - PGPM 13
2. Course Title. -
Management In
Organisation
3. Assignment No. - 3rd
4. Date of Dispatch -
5. Last date of receipt. -
of Assignment at CODE
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
ASSIGNMENT
You are a Project Manager on site where work for 3K.m. long. Tunnel
has been undertaken. The site is remote and takes about 2 days travel to
nearest town. Supervisors, Technicians & Skilled due to sickness,
quarrels, drinking are adding to less output of work and chances of
accidents on site are increasing. Management has urged to do something so
that time targets can be achieved. Discuss how will you tackle the problem
and increase the output of the work.
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The working conditions of the site.
The site a remote place and which takes the 2 days travels to the
nearest town. The work at the site is for constructing the tunnel of the 3
K.M. long which is in a very dangerous and hazardous with the
unpredictable weather. It does have any necessary amenities for living at the
site also due to very far from town it doesn’t have any communication at the
site.
Main Problem at the Site.
The main problems at the site are as following:
i. Less output is at the site.
ii. The delay in the work is occurring and work
progress not meeting the work schedule.
iii. Working condition of the site is dangerous and
hazardous due to that sickness and chances of the
accidents are increasing.
iv. Absenteeism.
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v. Decreasing of the interpersonal relation between the
workers.
vi. Morale of the workers is decreasing due to cut from the
society
Reasons of Various Problems: -
Lack of Manpower Management (or) Planning.
The site is remote due to that it doesn’t have any
connection with rest of the world.
There’s communication & traveling facility is very poor
due to that they are not able to take care of their family.
Un-Hygienic surroundings & Temporary
Accommodation.
Lack of Basic facilities at site like Medication, recreation
etc.
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
The site condition is dangerous and hazardous
adding of bad weather conditions increasing the
chances for the accident are more.
The sickness in the workers increasing due to
unavailability of the good medical facility.
The interpersonal relations between the workers are
decreasing and due to that cases of the quarrel are
increasing.
The persons are getting tired and not refreshed because of
very tight schedule due to that they are getting frustrated.
There is a lack of control on the workers due to that they
are not doing the work properly like dinking of the
workers increases the absenteeism, quarrel and chances
of the accidents.
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Needs and their fulfillment on the site:-
The site is a remote place and which takes the 2 days travels to the nearest
town. The work at the site is for constructing the tunnel of the 3 K.M.
long which is in a very dangerous and hazardous with the unpredictable
weather. It does have any necessary amenities for living at the site also due
to very far from town it doesn’t have any communication at the
site. So it is necessary to provide the basic need able things and facility.
The solutions to each problem at site are stated as
1. Lack of Manpower Management (or) Planning
Prepare a proper schedule of the Project and Assign Resources
to each task i.e. each activity, assigning resources means Identify
manpower required for each Task and what is the availability of
manpower and how much work has been done till date and how much
work is to be done. Identify Type of manpower required i.e. Skilled
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
(or) unskilled .If manpower is in adequate try to get more manpower or
Try to use the available manpower Fully so that maximum amount of
work to complete and try to complete the Urgent woks such that it dose
not effect our project duration, reschedule the project and updated
schedule to head office and inform them weekly work progress so that
they can help you to overcome the manpower problem (or) try to
motivate the available manpower by giving extra benefits if they
complete the project in time.
Manpower planning involved some of steps if the management and
project manager follow these steps there will be no problem due to the
manpower in the project, because is involved in the project and they are
at different levels and management has monitor all are working properly
are not, if not they have to have do some other arrangement are try to
motivate the manpower so that the project progress smoothly.
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(or)manpower is very less than required then immediately inform head
office so that they can send some more manpower so that the project can
run smoothly
Understand the project in all respects and get all details
of the projects i.e. site condition, contract conditions,
technical specifications, construction techniques, and
time frame.
Working out the labour component in various parameters
of the project .by using constants to workout labour
requirement.
Classifying and categorizing labour requirement and
various jobs by level of skill, responsibility, nature of
work etc.
Determine the duration of each job or task at every stage
of project.
Estimate the number of manpower required in view of
the anticipated of absenteeism and labour turnover
and the stability factor.
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Manpower management has some principles to follow that should be
known by the project manager and also the management of the company.
The principles are as follows:
Care and skill should be exercised in the selection of employees.
Introduction to the job should be friendly skillful and adequate. Each
employee should be made to feel that his efforts are really appreciated.
Consideration should be given to the effect that each rule and instruction
may have on the feelings of employees. Employees should have apart in
planning those things that affect their working conditions. Management
should be absolutely fair in every policy and every practice. Each
employee should have a feeling of pride in the worth whileness of his
work and his company.
Based on the construction programme and various other norms, the
administrative set up is worked out for completion of project. It is
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Construction Personnel Management Reg. No. –
proposed to have two Chief Engineers (Level-1), one for head works
and other for canal & canal structures headed by the Project Manager.
Under the Chief Engineer (Head work) four circle offices will be
proposed and under the Chief Engineer (Canal & Canal Structures)
three Circle officers will be proposed. There will also be one Director
(Administration), one Director (Finance), one Director (Quality
Control) and one Director (Technical) under the Project Manager.
There will also be attached Superintending Engineer (Mechanical)
under the each Chief Engineer. All these offices will be suitably located
for effective monitoring and control over the execution of project.
2. Un-Hygienic surroundings & Temporary Accommodation
Before Starting of the project Management has to well plan because this
project is long duration so manpower involved will be more it is the one of
the preliminary need for the employees & workers.
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Suggestion Methods for Hygiene Factors: - Management has to well
plan for the temporary shelters in such a way that number of workers
will be involved in the project and how many shelters are required and
for different category of employees will be working at site and
different types of shelters should be constructed with different facility
what all materials required for construction any how much time
required to construct it so that all those thing should be completed
before starting of project, Management should built temporary shelters
for the workers who will be working at site because the site is at remote
area workers cannot be able to say at there home and come for
work it is the preliminary requirement for the workers so management
has to take extra precautions, A site office also be built with all
necessary requirements, dinking water should be good because most
of diseases are spread by water so it is important step to taken care
by management.
3. Lack of Basic facilities like medication.
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Management should send a medical team to site and they should
stay there till completion of project. They should be supplied necessary
equipments and medical kits so that they can manage any hazardous
situation i.e. any sudden accidents they can handle the situation, any
epidemic occurred they can over come that situation. By this work
will be smoothly progressed and number of workers absenteeism will
be reduced. Worker who is sick will be taken care by medical team he
will be recovered quickly and he can start doing the work so that
manpower problem is solved.
4. Storage of Material
This is also a major problem for such a big project and at remote place
materials will be at site well before start of project so store rooms should
be properly built well in advance so that it will not create a problem
while execution of work for that what all employees required and how
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many number required should be planned before so that materials are
properly handled by this only the cost of project depends.
5. Technical Problems like Roof Spalling & water seepage
Roof Sappling:-
The management should have complete knowledge of what all technical
problem may occurs while execution of project and it has to take proper
precautions and it should be well planned before so that it would not effect
the project duration, what are causes of the problems and how to over
come the problems. The cause of roof spalling is type of formation of rock,
rock with excess of foliations, joint & poor rock mass leads to the rock
spalling.
Suggestion & Methods to over come Roof Spalling:-
Tunnel should be properly scaling to remove loose rock mass & cement
grouting should be done so that the rock will get some extra strength so
that it can hold properly it cannot be fallen down easily. Tunnel should be
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proper provision of steel ribs immediately so that it will be support on the
steel grids and work can be progress smoothly and project manager
should have all this materials well in advance because these materials are
required suddenly.
Ware Seepage:-
The cause of water seepage is manly due to the discontinuous rock
formation, Ground water table height etc.
Suggestion & Methods to over come Water Seepage:-
While designing the tunnel they should provide proper drainage
system so that if the water is accumulating in the tunnel it will affect
the progress of work, so drainage system should be such that water
accumulated should be quickly drained any from working space so that it
dose not affect the work progress. Or proper grouting should be done so
that the rock will get more strength so that it can stop the water
seepage into the tunnel. This is the easy method to over come the seepage
problem, the other method to overcome the seepage problem covering
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the tunnel section with water proofing membranes it will also not
allow the water to seepage into the tunnel so that work can be
progress smoothly.
Recommendation to Management: -
Top Management:-
Should be more responsible and it should have to properly monitor the
progress of work and if any urgent needs at site should be fulfilled as
quickly as possible and it should see that the lower and middle
management is working properly are not.
If any accidents are hazardous situation then top management has to urge
to do some help to lower and middle management so that they can over
come the situation they must send some team so that will help them
and work will be progress smoothly.
Tunnel project is a very large project it will take lot of time to complete
the whole project so management has to be well prepared of all the
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fore coming situations i.e. labors problems, absenteeism etc. Management
has to determine the functions of each level of management it should be
clear for all.
FUNCTIONS OF TOP MANAGEMENT:
Determining the objectives.
Framing policies & making plans to carryout the
objectives & policies.
Setting up the organizational framework to conduct the
operation as per plans.
Gathering the resources needed to put the plans into
effect.
Controlling the operations through the organization.
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Middle Management:-
Middle management is concerned with the task of implementing the
policies & plans chalked out by the top management. Middle management
consists of departmental heads exercise the usual functions of
management in respect of their own departments. They have top plan
the operations, issue instructions to their assistants; collect the resources
required & control the work of the men under them.
FUNCTIONS OF MIDDLE MANAGEMENT:
Understanding the policies framed by top management.
Preparing the organizational set-up in their department.
Finding out the suitable operative & supervisory
personnel & fixing duties & responsibilities to them.
Arranging & issuing instructions to the assistants &
operatives.
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Motivating the personnel for higher productivity.
Co-operating with other departments for smooth
functioning of organizations.
Collecting reports, statistical information & other records
about the work turned out in the respective departments &
forwarding the same to the top management.
Recommending the top management new or revised
policies for their departments to obtain better
performance.
Lower Management:-
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It is the lowest level in the administrative framework & actual
operations are performed here. Foremen supervisors assisted by a no of
workers & clerks carryout the actual operations as per schedule. Their
authority & responsibility is limited & they have to follow the lines drawn
by the higher levels of management. The foremen or supervisors are
responsible for carrying out work orders allotted to their respective
departments. They pass on the instructions of middle management
to the workers. The quality of the workmanship & quality of output
will depend upon the hard labor, discipline & loyalty of the
operating personnel.
Motivation of Employees in Construction Project: -
Motivation is the driving force within individuals that drive them
physiologically and psychologically to pursue one or more goals to fulfill
their needs or expectations. Motivators may be intrinsic or extrinsic.
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An example of an intrinsic motivator is the self-fulfillment of a worker as
a result of performing a task well.
Suggested method for hygiene factors and the
motivational factors:-
The following method can be use for motivating the workers at the site.
1. Stimulate the working site
The work site should be properly stimulated and the hygiene
conditions should be developed at the site so that the persons at
the site could get a better environment for the work. The work
place should be safe so that during the work workers should
not get injured. The housing arrangement and good food facilities
and availability of basic amenities could improve the work in
efficiency of the workers. Also providing a good medical facility
can reduce the cases of the sickness of the workers helping in the
reducing the absenteeism and the required team members for the work
will be available.
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2. Fulfilling Social needs
The persons are not able to take their family to site, due to that they
are not in contact with them. He always thinks about them and the
concentration on the work will not be continued. To fulfill
these requirements of his attachment with the family and for social
responsibility they should get work off of leave to meet the family and
for completing his social responsibilities.
3. Developing interpersonal relationship
By training and organizing other events and competition, the
interpersonal relationship can develop between the workers.
This can help in improving team work, by that the output will
increase than the output by the individual. This can also help in
developing a helpful environment for the workers. By creating
open communication between the workers can help in
strengthening the interpersonal relationship between the workers.
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4. Providing Opportunity for the Professional Growth
By making then feel that after completing this project, the
professional growth for them will be much higher than the
other who are engaged at another work place of its less difficult.
They may get a job security on the job and they can be promoted &
transferred on the basis of their performance. By providing chance
for the interesting and challenging work the opportunity for the
growth can be provided to them. Also technical training and on the
job training can increases the level of the knowledge, this
could help in increasing the working efficiency of the workers.
5. Appraisal & Rewards
The management should adopt positive attitude towards the
supervisors, technicians and workers to complete the work on the
time. The management shouldn’t criticize the works for their less
output at the work place due to some unfavorable conditions
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at the work place. The management should always motivate
them for the better work performance. The management
Shouldn’t make promises that cannot be kept. The management
should give each person the attention which he requires.
CONCLUSION
Although some unique motivational programs were found, the vast
majority can be grouped into five primary categories:
Goal setting.
Incentives.
Positive reinforcement. (i.e., recognition for a job
well done).
Worker participation.
Work facilitation.
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The following presents a dissertation on each of the five categories
discussing first their use in other industries and then their application to
construction.
Absenteeism and turnover are a relatively minor concern to workmen.
Still, they can have a major impact on total project productivity. High
rates of absenteeism are a concern, however, to individuals who had to
carry extra workloads to compensate for missing crewmembers.
The low job satisfaction resulted in high absence from work and high
turnover. Thus absenteeism and turnover can be viewed as effects of
motivational Activities or denominational concerns. The cost of
motivational programs is often justified by the reduced absenteeism and
turnover.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Management in organization by Koontz and Odoneal, McGraw Hill publication.
NICMAR lesson Book on Construction Personnel mabnagement.
The international journal of construction IT, July
Construct IT report. (1995) Occasional Paper No. 1: A Process-Based Study of an ITResearch Work Plan, University of Salford.
Hughes, W. (1991) Modelling the Construction Process Using Plans of Work,
Construction Project Modelling and Productivity - Proceedings of the International
Conference CIB W65, Dubrovnik.Glaser, E.M. & Backer, T.E. (1973). A Look atParticipant Observation, Evaluation, 1: 3: 46-49.
Banwell, H. (1964) Report of the Committee on the Placing and Management ofContracts for Building and Civil Engineering Works, HMSO.
Love, P.E.D., Smith, J., Treloar, G. and Li, H. (2000a). Some empirical observations of service quality
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in construction. Engineering Construction and Architectural Management
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