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Cooking up the future:Nutrition and economic growth in the Lao PDR

Past Today

2020

Presentation outline

1. Introduction: Central role of nutrition in development2. Nutrition, diets, economic growth in the Lao PDR3. Consequences of malnutrition4. Need for prioritizing on nutrition5. Conclusion: Cooking up the future

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The central role of nutrition in developmentIntroduction

Agriculture

Health

Nutrition

Socio-economic

development

Environment

Education

3

Linking growth, diets, nutritionNutrition, diets, …

Economic growth

Reduction of malnutrition

Increasedincomes

Better hygienePurchasing powerImproved diets

4

Chronic malnutrition

Stunting: 41% nationwide

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Lao Thai Austro-Asiatic Sino-Tibetan Hmong-luMien

Main Ethnic Group

Source: Data from CFSVA of the World Food Program (2006 / WHO standard) and MICS (2006/ NCHS standard)

Nutrition, diets, …

Lao Tai

Stunting (height for age) is an indicator for long term malnutrition. If a child is stunted it is too short for its age.

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Acute malnutrition and underweight

Wasting: 7% nationwide

Source: Data from CFSVA of the World Food Program (2006 / WHO standard) and MICS (2006/ NCHS standard)

Nutrition, diets, …

Underweight: 38% nationwide

Wasting (weight for height) is an indicator for short term malnutrition. If a child is wasted it is too thin for its height.

Underweight (weight for age) is an indicator combining both, chronic and acute malnutrition. If a child is underweight it is too thin for its age.

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The hidden malnutrition

Micronutrient deficiencies

Anemia Vit A deficiency

Iodine deficiency disorders

Source: Data from MICS (2006)

Nutrition, diets, …

WRA 37%

CU5 41%

CU5 45%

SAC27% WRA

13%

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Immediate causes for malnutrition

Diseases

NutritionalStatus

Nutrient intake

Nutrition, diets, …

8

Staples

Other roots and tubers

0.9

Cassava0.7

Maize0.5>

Glutinous rice6.4

Non-glutinous

rice 1.3

>

Staple consumption is sufficient. Calories alone are not sufficient for adequate nutrient intake.

Nutrition, diets, …

9Source: Data from CFSVA of the World Food Program (2006)

Meats, fish, OAA, oil/lard

Wild fish

3.6

Pond fish0.6>

OAA

1.9

Beef1.0

Wildlife0.8

Oil/lard2.0

Pork1.0

Poultry0.9≈ ≈

Wild meats, fish, OAA as important as domestic meats but wild foods are increasingly under threat.

Nutrition, diets, …

≈

>

10Source: Data from CFSVA of the World Food Program (2006)

Vegetables and fruits

Fruits1.7

Green leafy vegetables

4.7

Vegetables3.9

Shoots, mushrooms

3.3Oil/lard

2.0

>

Low fruit consumption and limited bioavailability of fat soluble nutrients due to low fat intake.

Nutrition, diets, …

11Source: Data from CFSVA of the World Food Program (2006)

Trends in stunting of children <5yrs

41.2 %40.7 %

1993FAO 2000

MICS II2006

MICS III

28%

2020

47.3%

NCHS Reference Population

Nutrition, diets, …

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Trends in poverty and economic growth

33%

1992/93 1997/8 2002/3

24%

2015

Nutrition, diets, …

Source: LECS and Worldbank

39%46%

Economic growth

7.6%

20066.5%

2001

leaveLDC

2020

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Consequences on the individual

Malnutrition

Consequences …

• Risk factor for increased mortality, poor cognitive and physical development.

• Malnourished children might do badly at school and most likely have low productivity in adulthood.

• Their full potential for well-being and poverty reduction cannot be used.

Agriculture

Health

Nutrition

Socio-economic

development

Environment

Education

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Consequences on the whole nationConsequences …

Economic growthMalnutrition

Malnutrition effects the growth and development of the individual, but also constrains socio-economic development

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Challenge 2020 Prioritizing nutrition

Economic growth +benefits

Nutritionalwell-being

2020

+ +

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Making nutrition central in development…Prioritizing nutrition

Agriculture

Health

Nutrition

Socio-economic

development

Environment

Education

2020

… through increased inter-sectoral cooperation, commitment and priority investment.

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New partnerships and links

Cooking up the future

Nutritionand ..

… innovative agricultural production

… nutrition education at all levels

… biodiversity and forest management

… hydropower…mining

…poverty reduction

…economic growth, trade, investments …social inclusion

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Conclusion

The cost of inaction is high, both economically and morally; the cost of action is modest by comparison.Solutions are affordable, cost-effective and sustainable.

Cooking up the future

2020

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