cooperative planning: building a sustainable nuclear industry megan sharrow university of wisconsin...
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Cooperative Planning:Building a Sustainable Nuclear Industry
Megan SharrowUniversity of Wisconsin – Madison
WISE 2006
An OverviewWhy is nuclear power
important?
Identifying the steps to sustainability.
How to turn barriers to building blocks.
Summary of recommendations
Q&A
Why is nuclear power important? It’s 20%.
From: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-906, “Power Plant Report.”
Electric power generation by source during 2004
Clean1
700 million tons of carbon dioxide1.1 million tons of nitrogen oxide 3.3 million tons of sulfur dioxide
Safe2
0 deaths due to commercial reactor accidents in the U.S.
50 total deaths due to international and defense reactor accidents
500+deaths in coals mines for 2005 alone500+deaths in single oil accident in Nigeria, 19983,500 deaths from 2 dam failures in India, 1979-
80
Why is nuclear power important? It’s clean & safe.
2. http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf06app.htm1. http://www.nei.org/index.asp?catnum=2&catid=346
Why is nuclear power important? It’s reliable.
Source Capacity FactorNuclear 89.6
Coal 72.6Hydro 29.3Wind 26.8Solar 18.8
Average Capacity Factors bySource for 2005
Source: http://www.nei.org/documents/U.S._Capacity_Factors_by_Fuel_Type.pdf
1. New plants Maintain 20%, possibly more
2. Interim waste storage Consolidation and Preparation
(CAP) Facilities
3. Research and development Global Nuclear Energy Partnership
4. Permanent disposal Yucca Mountain
Steps to Sustainability
1. New plants: Nuclear Power 2010 and 2005 Energy Policy Act
Barriers to Building Blocks
Loan guaranteesTax creditsExtended risk insurance
1. www.cleansafeenergy.org
Create domestic jobs1
Construction: 1,300-2000 per plantOperation: 300-500 per plant
Indefinite process
Licensing
No domesticInternational slow
High capital cost
Infrastructure
Financing
Combined stepsModerated stalling
2. Interim storage: On-site to off-site
Barriers to Building Blocks
Legitimate concern or unfounded fear?
Transportation
CO$T:
Tax payer vs. Rate payer
MythBusters!
Photos from: http://www.nei.org/doc.asp?docid=632
Superficial damage
120-ton locomotive traveling at 80 miles an hour
vs.Transport container on a flatbed trailer
3. Research and development: Collaboration and exploration
Barriers to Building Blocks
Collaboration
Leadership=
Time
Money
Effort
+Secure energy
Global energy Reduce waste
4. Permanent disposal: The Nuclear Waste Management and Disposal Act
Barriers to Building Blocks
Indefinite
Insufficient
Non-existent
Licensing
Financing
Infrastructure
2 years + 6 monthsNuclear Waste FundRailroads and offices
4. Permanent disposal Yucca Mountain should be
expedited through modifying the existing legislation.
1. New plants Nuclear Power 2010 and 2005
Energy Policy Act should continue as scheduled.
2. Off-site interim storage CAP facilities should be placed near
research sites and Yucca.
3. Research and development GNEP should be coordinated
amongst domestic and international communities.
Summary of Recommendations
Questions?
1. New Plants
Obstacles to AchievementUntested licensing process
Updated in 1992
Significant financial risk
Highest capital cost
Lack of infrastructureNo domestic plants constructed for 20 years
International waiting list
2. Off-Site Interim Storage
Obstacles to AchievementUnfounded transportation concerns
1. EPRI Technical Report, “Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation,” 2004.
8 accidents involving casks in U.S.1
4 of these involved casks carrying waste
Worst accident: truck rollover in 1971
Results: no releases of radiation
3. Research and Development
Obstacles to Achievement
Partnerships To share costs
Aid in deployment
Undeveloped mission plan for Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP)Wants:
Needs:
Secure, global energy production
Limit spread of advanced technologies
Small-scale reactors to small nations
Reprocessing, enriching in weapon-states
4. Permanent Disposal
Obstacles to Achievement Unrealistic standards
1,000,000 year design analysis
Insufficient incentives for completionFinancing and managing
Alternatives temporarily postponed1
Public oppositionMassive transportation of waste
Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY)
Anti-nuclear desire to stop industry 1. Department of Energy Report, “Alternative Means of Financing and Managing the Civilian radioactive Waste Management Program,” August 2001.
1. Building New Infrastructure
Barriers to Building BlocksLicensing process already begun
Fewer opportunities for stalling
Significant financial securitiesLoan guarantees, tax creditsExtended risk insurance
Domestic infrastructure Create jobs1
Construction: 1,300-2000 per plantOperation: 300-500 per plant
Re-establish manufacturingBXW Technologies Inc.21. www.cleansafeenergy.org 2. Nucleonics, May 25 2006.
2. Transporting Waste
Barriers to Building BlocksOpportunity to dispel transportation concerns
Build public faith for transport to Yucca Mountain
Strategic location of CAP facilities
Deliver candidate fuel to research facilities
Expedite eventual disposal
3. Developing a Mission Plan for GNEP
Barriers to Building Blocks Encourage international collaboration
Establish partnerships
Fortify sense of global investment
Support innovation at national labs and universities
Enable scientific pursuits a la Space Race
Ensure U.S. remains among global leaders of nuclear industry
4. Expediting Yucca Mountain
Barriers to Building Blocks Nuclear Fuel Management and Disposal Act
Numerous provisionsSets limit on review of “receive and possess” license
Repeals statutory limit on repository
Allows commencement of infrastructure construction
Suggests alternative means of financing
Steps in right direction
Needs closer inspection
1. Department of Energy Report, “Alternative Means of Financing and Managing the Civilian radioactive Waste Management Program,” August 2001.
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