copyright © 2003 prosofttraining. all rights reserved. sun certified java programmer exam...

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Sun Certified Java Programmer Exam Preparation Guide

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 1:Java Language Fundamentals

Objectives

• Identify correctly constructed source files, package declarations, import statements, class declarations, interface declarations and implementations, method declarations, variable declarations and identifiers

• State the correspondence between index values in the argument array passed to a main method and command-line arguments

• Identify all Java programming language keywords and correctly constructed identifiers

Objectives (cont’d)

• State the effect of using a variable or array element of any kind when no explicit assignment has been made to it

• State the range of all primitive data types• State the behavior that is guaranteed by the

garbage collection system• Write code using methods of the java.lang.Math class

JavaSource Files

• Java package and import statements• class

Keywords

• Creating identifiers

PrimitiveData Types

• Eight types– boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double

• Literals– Boolean– Character– Integral– Floating-point– String

The Javamain Method

• Must be defined within a class• Must be defined as follows

Public static void main(String [] args)

VariableInitialization

• Member variables• Method local variables

TheMath Class

• Math class methods

GarbageCollection

• Frees previously allocated heap space that is no longer needed

• Helps prevent most memory leaks

Summary

Identify correctly constructed source files, package declarations, import statements, class declarations, interface declarations and implementations, method declarations, variable declarations and identifiers

State the correspondence between index values in the argument array passed to a main method and command-line arguments

Identify all Java programming language keywords and correctly constructed identifiers

Summary (cont’d)

State the effect of using a variable or array element of any kind when no explicit assignment has been made to it

State the range of all primitive data types State the behavior that is guaranteed by the

garbage collection system Write code using methods of the java.lang.Math class

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 2:Java Modifiers

Objectives

• Declare classes, inner classes, methods, instance variables, static variables, and automatic variables making appropriate use of all permitted modifiers. State the significance of each of these modifiers both singly and in combination, and state the effect of package relationships on declared items qualified by these modifiers

Introductionto Java Modifiers

• Access modifiers• Other modifiers

Classes

• Abstract classes• Final classes

Methods

• Abstract methods• Final methods• Native methods• Static methods• Synchronized methods

Variables

• Final variables• Static variables• Transient variables• Volatile variables

StaticInitializers

• Free-floating blocks of code that are executed at the time a class is loaded

Summary

Declare classes, inner classes, methods, instance variables, static variables, and automatic variables making appropriate use of all permitted modifiers. State the significance of each of these modifiers both singly and in combination, and state the effect of package relationships on declared items qualified by these modifiers

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 3:Flow Control

in Java

Objectives

• Write code using if and switch statements• Write code using all forms of loops, and state

the values taken by loop control variables during and after loop execution

• Write code that makes proper use of exceptions and exception handling clauses, and declare methods and overriding methods that throw exceptions

Thewhile Loop

• Simplest type of loop• Executes a statement or code block

continuously until some Boolean expression evaluates as false

Thedo Loop

• Special form of the while loop• Guaranteed to execute at least once

Thefor Loop

• Allows you to initialize a variable and perform some iterative arithmetic on that variable, executing a loop until some Boolean condition evaluates to false

• Comma separators

Thecontinue Statement

• Ends the current iteration of a loop and continues execution at the top of the loop

The breakStatement

• Used to exit a loop prematurely

The if / elseStatement

• Permits execution of a statement or code block only if some Boolean expression is true

The switchStatement

• Uses an integer value to select between multiple alternative threads of execution

Exceptions

• Errors• Runtime exceptions• Checked exceptions

Java ExceptionClass Hierarchy

Throwable

Exception Error

RuntimeException

ThrowingExceptions

• throws statement

CatchingExceptions

• try/catch block• Using multiple catch statements• Rethrowing exceptions• finally block

Summary

Write code using if and switch statements Write code using all forms of loops, and state

the values taken by loop control variables during and after loop execution

Write code that makes proper use of exceptions and exception handling clauses, and declare methods and overriding methods that throw exceptions

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 4:Operators

and Assignments

Objectives

• Determine the result of applying any operator, to operands of any type, class, scope or accessibility, or any combination of these

• Determine the result of applying the Boolean equals(Object) method to objects of any combination of the classes java.lang.String, java.lang.Boolean and java.lang.Object

Objectives (cont'd)

• In an expression involving the operators &, |, &&, || and variables of known values, state which operands are evaluated and the value of the expression

• Determine the effect upon objects and primitive values of passing variables into methods and performing assignments or other modifying operations in that method

Introductionto Expressions

• Operators• Operator precedence

UnaryOperators

• The increment (++) and decrement (--) operators

• The plus (+) and minus (-) operators• The Boolean complement operator (!)• The bitwise inversion operator (~)• The cast operator

ArithmeticOperators

• The multiplication (*) and division (/) operators• The modulus operator (%)• The addition (+) and subtraction (-) operators

BinaryShift Operators

• The left-shift operator (<<)• The right-shift operator (>>)• The unsigned right-shift operator (>>>)• The right operand

ComparisonOperators

• The equals method• The instanceof operator• Bitwise operators• The and operator (&)• The or operator (|)• The exclusive-or operator (^)

Short-CircuitOperators

• Similar to bitwise operators• Only applied to Boolean operands• Always generate a Boolean result

TernaryOperator

• Requires three operands

AssignmentOperators

• Methods and assignments

Summary

Determine the result of applying any operator, to operands of any type, class, scope or accessibility, or any combination of these

Determine the result of applying the Boolean equals(Object) method to objects of any combination of the classes java.lang.String, java.lang.Boolean and java.lang.Object

Summary (cont'd)

In an expression involving the operators &, |, &&, || and variables of known values, state which operands are evaluated and the value of the expression

Determine the effect upon objects and primitive values of passing variables into methods and performing assignments or other modifying operations in that method

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 5:Object Orientation

Objectives

• State the benefits of encapsulation in object-oriented design, and write code that implements tightly encapsulated classes and the "is a" and "has a" relationships

• Write code to invoke overridden or overloaded methods and parental or overloaded constructors

• Write code to construct instances of any concrete class

Objectives (cont'd)

• State the legal return types for any method given the declarations of all related methods in this or parent classes

• Write code that declares, constructs and initializes arrays of any base type using any of the permitted forms for both declaration and initialization

• For a given class, determine whether a default constructor will be created, and state the prototype of that constructor

Encapsulation

• Accessors• Mutators• Encapsulation

Encapsulationof the Book Class

getTitle

getAuthor

getIS

BN

titleauthor

isbn

Abstraction

• The process of developing classes in terms of their– Interfaces– Functionality

• Used to manage complexity

MethodOverloading and Overriding

• Overloading– Defining several methods with the same

name within a single class• Overriding

– Refining the functionality of a subclass by modifying a class method under certain circumstances

• The super keyword

Constructors

• Instantiating a class• The this keyword• Constructors and inheritance• The super keyword and constructors

InnerClasses

• Member inner classes– Member access

• Static inner classes• Method inner classes• Anonymous inner classes

Arrays

• Array declarations• Constructing arrays• Initializing arrays

Summary

State the benefits of encapsulation in object-oriented design, and write code that implements tightly encapsulated classes and the "is a" and "has a" relationships

Write code to invoke overridden or overloaded methods and parental or overloaded constructors

Write code to construct instances of any concrete class

Summary (cont'd)

State the legal return types for any method given the declarations of all related methods in this or parent classes

Write code that declares, constructs and initializes arrays of any base type using any of the permitted forms for both declaration and initialization

For a given class, determine whether a default constructor will be created, and state the prototype of that constructor

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 6:Threads

Objectives

• Write code to define, instantiate and start new threads using both java.lang.Thread and java.lang.Runnable

• Recognize conditions that might prevent a thread from executing

Objectives (cont'd)

• Write code using synchronized, wait, notify and notifyAll to protect against concurrent access problems and to communicate between threads. Define the interaction between threads, and between threads and object locks

• Identify correctly constructed source files, package declarations, import statements, class declarations, interface declarations and implementations, method declarations, variable declarations and identifiers

CreatingThreads

• Extending the Thread class• Implementing the Runnable interface

ThreadStates

• Setting thread priority• Yielding threads• The suspended state• The sleeping state• The blocked state

LiveThread States

Running

Ready

Suspended Sleeping Blocked

ThreadSynchronization

• Controlling the flow of multiple simultaneous threads

• The synchronized keyword• Monitors• Synchronized code blocks• The wait, notify and notifyAll methods• Deadlock

Deadlock

Summary

Write code to define, instantiate and start new threads using both java.lang.Thread and java.lang.Runnable

Recognize conditions that might prevent a thread from executing

Summary (cont'd)

Write code using synchronized, wait, notify and notifyAll to protect against concurrent access problems and to communicate between threads. Define the interaction between threads, and between threads and object locks

Identify correctly constructed source files, package declarations, import statements, class declarations, interface declarations and implementations, method declarations, variable declarations and identifiers

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 7:The java.awt Package

Objectives

• Write code using component, container and layout manager classes of the java.awt package to present a GUI with specified appearance and resize behavior, and distinguish the responsibilities of layout managers from those of containers

• Write code to implement listener classes and methods; in listener methods, extract information from the event to determine the affected component, mouse position, nature and time of the event

LayoutManagers

• Flow layout manager• Border layout manager• Grid layout manager• Card layout manager• GridBag layout manager

Events

• Event classes• Event listeners• Event enabling

Summary

Write code using component, container and layout manager classes of the java.awt package to present a GUI with specified appearance and resize behavior, and distinguish the responsibilities of layout managers from those of containers

Write code to implement listener classes and methods; in listener methods, extract information from the event to determine the affected component, mouse position, nature and time of the event

Copyright © 2003 ProsoftTraining. All rights reserved.

Lesson 8:The Collections API

Objective

• Make appropriate selection of collection classes/interfaces to suit specified behavior requirements

Introductionto Collections

• Simple collections– Vectors– Hash tables

• Types of collections– Collection– List– Set– Map

TheCollections API

• Java application programming interface that provides an extensible framework for creating data structures

• Using the Collections API

Summary

Make appropriate selection of collection classes/interfaces to suit specified behavior requirements

Sun Certified Java Programmer Exam Preparation Guide

Java Language Fundamentals Java Modifiers Flow Control in Java Operators and Assignments Object Orientation Threads The java.awt Package The Collections API