copyright © 2006 by maribeth h. price 9-1 chapter 9 presenting data

Chapter 9

Presenting Data

Outline

• Basic principles of map design

• Page layouts

• Adding map elements

• Finalizing and printing the map

• Reporting information from tables

Map Design Process

• Determine the objectives of the map.

• Decide on the data layers to be included.

• Plan a layout.

• Choose colors and symbols.

• Create the map.

Questions to consider

• Who will be using the map?

• Under what circumstances will the map be used?

• Is the map likely to be copied or faxed?

• What objectives should the map achieve?

• How sensitive is the map information?

Choosing layers

Which layers are important? How can you ensure legibility?

Planning the layout

Poor designBetter design

Basic principles for balance

• Maximize size of map relative to titles, legends, etc.

• Balance elements on the page, avoiding blank or cluttered areas

• Align straight edges and use neatlines to enclose map elements

Choosing symbols

• Natural earth tones usually look better than strident colors

• Use pastels for most of map; use bold colors sparingly for emphasis

• Take advantage of the psychological aspects of different colors and symbols

• Mimic phenomena, such as using blue to represent water

• Make ramps easy to understand• Apply emphasis with color, size, and thickness

Symbol psychology

Where is the water?

Where is there less rain?Which towns have more people? What’s there?

Where’s the danger?

Vibrating moire pattern obscures roads

Use see-through lines to indicate urban areas

Choosing symbols

Which one looks more aesthetic?Which one is easier to understand?Which one shows the roads better?

Improving a world map

More pastels

Natural colors

Use ramp to indicate increasing population

Emphasize the important information

Pay attention to details!

Crowded

Unclear name

Abbreviations

Poor formattingMuch better!!!

B&W maps• Special principles apply to maps that are

black/white or will be copied or faxed.– Best to design in B&W rather than assuming it will

copy all right– Use no more than 5 gray levels– Use different patterns instead of colors– B&W maps may not be able to show as much– Color balance rules still apply—use mostly light

patterns; emphasize small regions with dark ones

Map optimized for color printing Map optimized for B&W printing

Map layouts

• Create hard copy maps

• Place titles, legends, scales, north arrows

• Include tables and graphs

• Add images or logos

Steps to Layouts

• Planning the map• Setting up the map page and

data frames• Adding a legend• Adding a scale bar• Adding titles and text• Adding objects• Adding neatlines and

backgrounds• Adding graphics• Printing the map

The map pagePaper size?

Landscape or Portrait?

Data framesSize and position?

Map scale?

Margins

Grid for aligning features

Layout view

The Page Setup menu

The Layout toolbar

Zoom tools

Zoom Centered

Fit page

Actual Size

Previous/Next Extent

Enlarge

Change Layout

Composing framesClick and drag active frame to

move/change size

Or set size and location explicitly

Scaling the map

Automatic scaling Fixed scale Fixed extent

Resize frame

Adding a legend

The Legend Wizard

The Legend WizardChoose layers to include

Set title and font

Legend Wizard

Add frame border and shading

Set patch size and type

Legend Wizard

Set spacing between elements(usually leave defaults)

Finished!

Changing the legend

The Items tab

Frame tab

Choose border

Border selector

Edit border

Size and position tab

Adding a scale bar

Scale control

DivisionSubdivision

Division unit

Scale bar size is determined by division settings and the map scale

Adjust division value

Adjust width

Adjust number of divisions

Zoom out

Adding north arrow

Text and titles

Earthquake Dea…

Pictures

Neatlines

Graphics

Draw menuText

Font style

Colors for fill, lines, markers

ShapesPointer

The Drawing toolbar

Printing maps

Export as picture file

Using a template

Assigning frames

Creating graphs and reports

Creating a graph

Setting up a simple graph

Creating a report

Choosing the Fields

The Display tab

1417 16

Show Settings

Generating Report

Using the report

copyright © 2006 by maribeth h. price 9-1 chapter 9 presenting data

map scale

map information

map elementscopyright

pricethe map pagepaper

presenting data copyright

data layers

data framesadding

data framessize

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