copyright © 2011 pearson education, inc. all rights reserved. chapter 10 sex, gender, and culture...
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Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 10Sex, Gender, and Culture
Gender ConceptsPhysique and PhysiologyGender RolesRelative Contributions to WorkPolitical Leadership and WarfareThe Relative Status of WomenPersonality DifferencesSexuality
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gender Concepts
Gender differences refer to cultural expectations and
experiences of females and males.
Sex differences refer to purely biological differences.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gender Roles
All or nearly all societies assign certain activities to females and
other activities to males.
Gender roles refer to role assignments for females and males that are a product of a
particular culture.
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/world/asia/21gender.html?scp=2&sq=afghan%20girls&st=cse
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gender Roles
Productive and Domestic ActivitiesWhy are females and males generally assigned different
tasks?
Strength theoryCompatibility-with-child-care
theoryExpendability theory
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Relative Status of Women
There appears to be variation in the degree of gender
stratification from one society to another.
Less complex societies, however, seem to approach more equal
status for males and females in a variety of areas of life.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Relative Contributions to Work
Primary subsistence activitiesGathering, hunting, fishing,
herding, and farmingSecondary subsistence
activitiesThe processing and preparation of
food for eating and storing
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Political Leadership and Warfare
In almost every known society, men rather than women are the leaders in the political
arena.
Warfare is almost exclusively a male activity.
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Sexuality
Cultural Regulations of Sexuality
Premarital SexSex in MarriageExtramarital SexHomosexuality
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sexuality
Cultural Regulations of Sexuality: Permissiveness versus
RestrictivenessReasons for Restrictiveness
Research has shown that societies that are restrictive with one aspect
of heterosexual sex tend to be restrictive with regard to other
aspects.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sexuality
Cultural Regulations of Sexuality: Permissiveness versus
Restrictiveness
Reasons for Restrictiveness
Population sizeSocial inequality
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