ct scanner
Post on 16-Jul-2015
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TRANSCRIPT
Dedicated to:
From:
Room With CT Scanner
Console Room
Introduction
• Tomography is from the Greek word "tomos" meaning "slice" and “graph” meaning "describing".
• .
• CT was invented in 1972 by British engineer
Godfrey Hounsfield of EMI Laboratories.
• The first clinical CT scanners were installed between 1974 and 1976.
• It combines the use of a digital computer together with a rotating x-ray device to create detailed cross sectional images or "slices" of the different organs and body parts such as the lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas, pelvis, etc.
• CT Scan has the unique ability to image a combination of soft tissue, bone, and blood vessels.
• For example, conventional x-ray imaging of the head can only show the dense bone structures of the skull .
Diagram showing relationship of x-ray tube, patient, detector, and image reconstruction computer and display monitor
Generations Of CT Scanner
• First Generation
• Second Generation
• Third Generation
• Fourth Generation
• Fifth Generation
• In the first CT scanner design, a single X-ray source and a single X-ray detector cell collect all the data for a single slice .
• The x–ray head and detector were rotated at arc of 180°.
• A fan–shaped x–ray beam was projected onto a linear array of approximately 30 detectors.
• The x–ray head and detectors could rotate 180° around the patient.
• The time required for a scan was reduced to less than 90 seconds.
• A wider fan–shaped x–ray beam and a curved array of 250–750 detectors.
• Scan times reduced to less than 12 seconds.
• The single detector array made third generation scanners generate ring artifacts.
• A single projection fan–shaped x–ray beam and 600–2000 stationary detectors.
• The x–ray head rotates more than 360 degrees around the patient.
• The detectors are fixed in a circular ring around the patient and x–ray head. Alignment of the x–ray beam to each detector is essential.
• Fifth-generation scanners are unique in that the x-ray source becomes an integral part of the system design.
• The detector array remains stationary, while a high-energy electron beams is electronically swept along a semicircular tungsten strip anode.
• This machine is a research prototype and is not available commercially.
• Volume CT images can be produced in as little as 10 ms.
PARTS OF CT:
• Gantry
• DAS
• Computer
• Storage
Gantry
• The Gantry includes the:
– The X-ray tube
– The Detector Array
– The High-Voltage generator
– The patient Support Couch
DAS (data acquizition system)
• DETECTORS
• CURRENT TO VOLTAGE CONVERTERS
• PRE AMPLIFIER
• INTEGRATOR
• ADC
• To computer world
• COMPUTER:It involve processing
• STORAGE:It can be film, CD, Hard Disk, etc.
• CT imaging is used for studying the chest, abdomen and pelvis because it provides detailed, cross-sectional views of all types of tissue.
• CT imaging detect many different cancers, including lung, liver and pancreatic cancer and the tumors of brain and head.
• Since the image allows a physician to confirm the presence of a tumor and measure its size, precise location and the extent of the tumor's involvement with other nearby tissue.
• CT scanning is painless, noninvasive and accurate.
• A major advantage of CT is its ability to image bone, soft tissue and blood vessels all at the same time.
• Unlike conventional x-rays, CT scanning provides very detailed images of many types of tissue as well as the lungs, bones, and blood vessels.
Manufacturer: Toshiba
Model: Aquilion
Thank you
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