ctrc safety training march 10, 2014
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CTRC Safety Training
March 10, 2014
*Purpose
*Provide Required Annual Safety Training for Personnel at the CTRC
* Personnel and Responsibilities
*CTRC Director- Dr Timothy Murphy
*CTRC Manager- Dr. Richard Karalus
*UB Biosafety Officer- David Pawlowski, Ph.D
*UB Radiation Safety Officer- Jeff Slawson
*Environmental Programs Manager- Brian Foti
*Chemical Hygiene Officer, Hazardous Materials Manager- Anthony Oswald
*Environmental Health and Safety Services 829-3301
*Employer (PI) responsibilities
*Employee responsibilities
*PIs bear full responsibility for safety in their laboratories
* Fire Safety
*Fire Safety and Prevention* During a fire
* Turn off oxygen, gas, andelectrical equipment in the affected area
* USE THE STAIRS – NEVER USE THE ELEVATORS
* Know primary and secondary evacuation routes
*Fire Safety and Prevention
*Bunsen Burners/open flame devices should be used only when necessary and should always be attended.
*Consider bacticinerators and micro burners as alternatives to Bunsen Burners.
*Biosafety Cabinets - open flames are NOT recommended. They can damage the HEPA filter and cause a fire.
*Fire Safety and Prevention
*Extension cords are not permitted for permanent applications
*Space heaters must be equipped with tip over shutoff devices
*Daisy Chained power strips are not permitted
*Maintain a minimum of 18" between boxes and ceiling
* Safety Equipment
*Fire alarm pull stations *Each stairwell entrance
*CRC
*Fire extinguishers
*Emergency showers
*Emergency eye wash stations
*AEDs near SW corner of each floor
*First aid kits
Know locations of safety equipment
*Fire alarm pull stations are located by each stair well
*Fire alarms will include both strobe and audio alarms
*CTRC alarms only alarm floor involved and the adjacent floors
*Only alarming floors are required to evacuate unless otherwise advised
*Fire Safety
*Fire Extinguishers
* Fire Extinguishers:* Located in most
laboratories
* Do not obstruct or concealfire extinguishers
* Located in hallwaysthroughout CTRC
* Know where your nearestfire extinguisher is
*Fire Extinguishers
* When using remember P.A.S.S.
P = Pull the pinA = Aim at base of fire about
8-10ft awayS = Squeeze the triggerS = Sweep side to side
* “How to Use” instructions can be found on thefire extinguisher label
* USE ONLY IF FIRE IS SMALL AND IFYOU HAVE HAD TRAINING ON ITS USE
*Fire: Remember R.A.C.E.
R = Rescue Rescue people in theimmediate area
A = AnnounceAnnounce the fire verbally
Activate the alarm
C = Confine Confine fire by
Closing doors
E = EvacuateEvacuate the floor,
Extinguish if a small fire
*Evacuation-Fifth Floor
*Evacuation-Sixth Floor
*Evacuation-Seventh Floor
*Evacuation-Eighth Floor
*Section #3 Ground Floor Evacuation
*Sub-basement Level Evacuation
*General Laboratory
Safety
* Biosafety levels*BSL-1
*Organisms that do not normally cause human infections
*BSL-2*Organisms that cause human infections of low
morbidity/mortality
*Potential for aerosol transmission
*BSL-3*Organisms that cause human infections of high
morbidity/mortality
*Aerosol transmission
*BSL-4*Organisms of extremely high morbidity/mortality for
which there are no treatments
*Aerosol or unknown transmission
* General Safety
*General laboratory rules*Eating, drinking, smoking or the use of
other tobacco products or cosmetics is strictly prohibited
*The application or removal of contact lenses is forbidden
*Storage of these items in the laboratory is prohibited
*Mouth pipetting is strictly prohibited
*Open toed shoes are not permitted
*Minimize aerosols
*Wash Hands
* Personal Protective Equipment
*Should never serve as primary protection
*Appropriate for risk
*Minimum*Disposable surgical gloves
*Nitrile (recommended)
*Latex
*Eye protection*Splash
*UV/other radiation
*Lab Coat
*Respirators (may require fit testing and medical clearance- contact EH&S)*Particulate (N95, PAPR, P-100)
*Chemical cartridge (activated charcoal, chlorine, etc)
*Hearing
*PPE Rules to Remember
* Always check PPE for defects or tears before using
* If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and replace
* Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area
* Contaminated PPE should be removed and disposed of in biohazard containers
* Do not reuse disposable equipment
* Engineering Controls(Facilities and Equipment that enhance safety)
*HVAC negative pressure
*Fume hoods *Use with volatile chemicals or non-
infectious substances that pose an aerosol risk
*Toxic powders
Note: The use of biological agents in a fume hood is prohibited.
*Use Biosafety cabinets with BSL-2 (or higher) agents where an aerosol hazard exists
*Electrical Protection, *GFI
*Sound cabinets*sonicators
* Biosafety Cabinets
*General Operation
*Types
*Class I- no longer used
*Class II type A/B3- 70% recirculation, 30% exhaust into room (type A); or thimble connected to building HVAC- negative pressure plenum (type B3)
*Class II type B1- Cabinet air is 40% recirculated, hard ducted to HVAC, can be used with minute amounts of chemicals.
*Class II type B2- 100% exhaust can be used with small amounts of chemicals, plenum is totally under negative pressure.
*Class III- glovebox
*Must be certified at least annually- PI responsibility
*Fume Hoods
* Do not store chemicals or equipment in fume hoods
* Use appropriate PPE* Use with sash in
proper position* Check for proper
airflow before using(e.g., “tissue on sash alarm”)
* Report any diminishedairflow to Building Manager (888-4730)
* Lab Specific Safety Training
*The Lab supervisor/PI is required to provide lab specific safety training to staff working in their in their lab(s)
*Laboratory Specific training should supplement general training on laboratory specific hazards and safety procedures
*Additional specific training (radiation safety, animal handling, etc.) may also be required
NOTE: The PI is responsible for safety in his/her laboratory
*OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard
*Your Exposure Potential
* Laboratory accidents
*Sharps
*Spills
*[Animal exposure (LAF Occupational Exposure Medical Plan)]*
* Handling of human (animal*) samples
*Handling of any waste products
* First aid administration
* Post-accident cleanup
*Janitorial or maintenance work*Animal tissues and fluids are not included in the official OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard, but pose similar risks and are thus included in this discussion
* Common Bloodborne Pathogens
*Hepatitis B(HBV)
*Hepatitis C(HCV)
*Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
* Potentially Infectious Substances
*Human (and Animal*)*Blood
*Skin and tissue
*Cell cultures
*Saliva
*Vomit
*Urine
*Semen and vaginal secretions
*Any bodily fluid or substance
*Universal Precautions
* Treat all blood and bodily fluids and samples as if they are contaminated
* Proper cleanup and decontamination
* Dispose of contaminated materials in the proper biohazard containers
* Use of proper PPE
*Hand Washing
* Wash hands immediately after removing PPE and before leaving laboratory
* Use a soft antibacterial soap
* Do not use bleach
* A hand sanitizer can be used, but wash with soap and water as soon as possible.
* Medical Program
*Vaccinations*Hepatitis B
*Animal Handling*
*(LAF Occupational Exposure Medical Plan)
*Exotic agents
*Exposure Incident
* OSHA requirement: Each lab should have a written, lab specific Exposure Control Plan (template available at EH&S website)
* An exposure is a specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid
* If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure
* Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids to your superior and UB EH&S
* Post-exposure medical evaluations must be offered (personal physician or clinic)
*Post-Exposure Evaluation
* Confidential medical evaluation
* Document route of exposure
* Identify source individual
* Test source individual’s blood (with individual’s consent)
* Provide results to exposed employee
* File C2 workers accident form with NYS Workers Compensation Board (1-866-396-8314)
*Hepatitis B Vaccination
*Strongly endorsed by medical communities
* Offered to all employees working
with bloodborne hazards- must be
documented
*Provided at no cost to employees
* Declination form
*Decontamination* Wear appropriate PPE
* When decontaminating surfaces use appropriate disinfectant
* Cover contaminated area with disinfectant, allow appropriate contact time, and wipe up
* Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers
* Chemical Decontamination
*Know the proper decontaminant and proper usage for each agent
Common Examples:
*Bleach (sodium hypochlorite)* 1:10 dilution 5.25% household bleach (5,000 ppm free
chlorine)
* 30 minute exposure time
* 2 week shelf life (diluted)
* 6 month shelf life (undiluted)
* Corrosive to metal
*Ethanol* 70%
* Rapidly bactericidal
* Noncorrosive
* Flammable
* Not sporicidal
* Unable to kill hydrophilic viruses
* May increase latex permeability to viruses
* Autoclave Use*Operation
*121o C for a minimum of 20 minutes.
*Bags should be no more than 2/3 full
*Bags should not be completely sealed during autoclaving
*Bags should be placed in a container capable of containing any contents that may leak from them
* Validation*An indicator must be present in each load (autoclave tape, steam strip, spore test)
*Laboratory Door Posting
*Required on each research lab door
*Quick reference in caseof an emergency or an issue concerning safety
*Fillable order form available on EH&S site: http://www.facilities-buffalo.org/Departments/ehs/EHSForms
*Reviewed and updated annually or whenever a significant change takes place
*Lab Security
*Report any suspicious individuals immediately to Kaleida Security (859-2196)
*Report any lost, missing, or stolen hazardous materials (biologicals, chemicals, radioactive materials, etc.) to EH&S (829-3301)
*Report any lost, stolen, or found keys, or any failures of the security doors immediately to Kaleida Security and the CTRC Manager (888-4730)
*Lab Security
Security is only as strong as the occupants wish it to be*No tailgating(one swipe card = one person in)
*Doors should not be propped open
*If someone looks out of place, ask if they need assistance
*Do not leave valuables in the open
*Lock doors when rooms are vacant
*Chemical Safety
*Regulatory Agencies forHazardous Chemicals
*Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) [Workplace]
*New York State Department of Labor (DOL) [private firms]*Public Employee Safety and Health Bureau (PESH)- NYS employees
*National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [Fire Protection and Storage]
*Agencies that RegulateHazardous Waste
*Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
*New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC)
*Department of Transportation (DOT)
Hazardous waste generators must comply with regulations enforced by these agencies:
*Flammable Chemicals
*Flash point <100°F (Combustible - Flash Point >100-200°F)
*Fire/Explosion Hazard
*Keep Sparks and Flames Away
*Examples*Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol
*Reactive Chemicals
*Release Large Amounts of Energy
*React Violently with Water or Air
*React with Other Chemicals to Produce Toxic Gases
*Rapid Pressure Build-up/Explosion Potential
*Unstable/Readily Undergoes Change
*Examples:*Calcium Hydride, Sodium Metal, and Organic Peroxides
*Corrosive Chemicals
*Acids or Alkalis (Bases)
*Destructive to Tissue
*Generates Heat During Reactions
*Examples: *Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium Hydroxide, Hydrofluoric acid
*Sensitizer Chemicals
*Allergic Reaction
*Repeated exposure may worsen reaction
*Individuals React Differently!
*Severity Depends on Sensitivity, Potency, Concentration, and Duration
*Examples: *Poison Ivy, Chromic Acid, Nickel
*How Chemicals Enter The Body
*Inhalation
*Skin Contact*Dermal Absorption
*Mucosal surfaces
*Breaks in the Skin
*Ingestion
*Injection (Sharps)
*Target Organs
*Hepatotoxins - Liver*Nephrotoxins - Kidney*Lungs*Teratogen - Reproductive Toxins
*Mutagen - Cellular*Blood and Lymph System
*Immune System*Neurotoxins- Nervous System
*Symptoms of Exposure
*Eye discomfort
*Breathing difficulty
*Dizziness
*Headache
*Nausea
*Vomiting
*Skin irritation
*Acute Vs. Chronic Illness
*Acute*Short-term Exposure
*Immediate or slightly delayed health effects
*Chronic*Long-term Exposure
*Delayed effects
*The Dose Determines the Poison
ONE YEAR
1 LB.
ONE HOUR
1 LB.
* How to Control Hazards
* Risk assessment* Recognize hazards* Evaluate and minimize
risks * Control hazards Hazard Category1
Frequency Catastrophic Critical Marginal NegligibleFrequent 1 3 7 13Probable 2 5 9 16
Occasional 4 6 11 18Remote 8 10 14 19
Improbable 12 15 17 20
Hazard Risk Index Review Criteria1-5 Unacceptable6-9 Undesirable
10-17 Acceptable with Review by Biosafety Officer18-20 Acceptable without review
*Hazard Awareness
*Signs
*Labels
*Tags
*Training
*Plan ahead
*Experience
*Hazard Awareness
*Chemical Inventory
(required)
*Information on Hazards
*MSDS (required in every lab)
*Note that MSDS’ are being transitioned to Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) from June-December 2015
*MSDs ≠ SDSs
*Internet
*Literature
*Safety Data Sheets(formerly MSDS’)
*Cannot take an MSDS and call it an SDS!
*16 specific sections, must be in order
*Sections 12-15 not being enforced
*Include Tox/Disposal/Transport/Reg. Info
*Outside OSHA jurisdiction
*May be paper or electronic
*Provide in English or other languages
*SDS Sections
*Sec. 1: Identification;*Sec. 2: Hazard identification;*Sec. 3: Composition/information on ingredients;*Sec. 4: First aid measures;*Sec. 5: Fire-fighting measures;*Sec. 6: Accidental release measures; *Sec. 7: Handling and storage;*Sec. 8: Exposure control/personal protection;*Sec. 9: Physical and chemical properties;*Sec. 10: Stability and reactivity;*Sec. 11: Toxicological information;*Sec. 12*: Ecological information;*Sec. 13*: Disposal considerations;*Sec. 14*: Transport information;*Sec. 15*: Regulatory information; and*Sec. 16: Other information, including date of
preparation or most recent revision.
HCS Pictograms and Hazards
Health Hazard• Carcinogen • Mutagenicity
• Reproductive Toxicity • Respiratory Sensitizer • Target Organ Toxicity • Aspiration Toxicity
Flame• Flammables • Pyrophorics • Self-Heating
• Emits Flammable Gas • Self-Reactives
• Organic Peroxides
Exclamation Mark• Irritant (skin and eye)
• Skin Sensitizer • Acute Toxicity • Narcotic Effects
• Respiratory Tract Irritant • Hazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-
Mandatory)
Gas Cylinder• Gases Under Pressure
Corrosion• Skin Corrosion/Burns
• Eye Damage • Corrosive to Metals
Exploding Bomb• Explosives
• Self-Reactives • Organic Peroxides
Flame Over Circle• Oxidizers
Environment(Non-Mandatory)
• Aquatic Toxicity
Skull and Crossbones
• Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)
*New Labeling Requirements with HAZCOM Update
*Labels
*Symbols (Pictograms)
*Signal words “Danger” or Warning” – emphasize hazards, level of severity
*Hazard Statements – standard phrases
*Precautionary Statements
*Hazard Control - Administrative Controls
*Chemical Hygiene Plan (available from EH&S)
*Written Policies and SOPs
*Emergency Procedures
*After Hours Policy – No Working Alone
*Safe Chemical Handling
*Keep Containers Closed When Not in Use
*Avoid Contact with Incompatible Materials
*Only Transfer to Approved Containers
*Clean Up Spills, Dispose of Waste Properly
*Label Containers
*Safe Handling of Flammable Chemicals
*Store Chemicals Properly
*Bond (Ground) All Receiving Containers
*Store Quantities in Approved Storage Rooms and Cabinets
*Keep Away from Ignition Sources
*HazardousSpills
*Hazardous Spill Response
Please remember:
*Do not attempt to clean up any hazardous spill yourself unless you are properly trained and have the capability to do so!
*Notify staff in the immediate area and the appropriate safety staff and post the area with signs alerting people of the spill
*Contain spill if possible
*Biological or Chemical: Evacuate lab
Radioactive: Stay at lab doorway
*Wait for instructions
*Biological or Chemical Spill
*Remove any contaminated clothing or personal protective equipment (PPE)- do not track the spill
*If necessary, use emergency shower or eyewash
*Contain spill if possible
*Each laboratory is responsible for maintaining spill kits that address their specific hazards (biological, acids, bases, formaldehyde and solvents plus general sorbents (Available from EH&S $45, replenish at no cost)
*Call EH&S at 829-3301 during working hours
*Call Kaleida Security (859-2196) after hours
*Remain near lab for instructions and to provide information when proper response personnel arrive
*Large or Small Spill?
*Large Spills*Greater than 1 liter*Mercury greater than amount in a standard thermometer
*Response*Evacuate Area*Close doors to prevent people from entering
*Call for assistance*Secure area until proper response personnel arrive
*Small Spills*Remove people from area
*If anyone requires first aid, see to them first
*Isolate/secure the spill area
*Proceed to clean up with spill kit
*Dispose of as hazardous waste
*Radioactive Spill
*Remove any contaminated clothing & PPE. Wash contaminated skin with warm soapy water.
*Notify staff and post the area of the spill and contact Radiation Safety (829-3281)
*Contain and/or shield spill if possible
*Stay at lab door until monitored for contamination.
Note: Additional training is required to work with radioactive materials or radiation generating equipment.
*Waste Disposal
*Waste Disposal ProceduresBiological Waste:
* Stericycle is the waste disposal provider at CTRC- EACH LAB MUST SET UP AN ACCOUNT
* Line biohazard box with red bag (rm 6068 and 6015)
* Place all non-sharp biohazardous waste into red bag
* Use plastic sharps containers for all sharps
* Place sealed full sharps containers into red bag lined box and indicate sharps on the outer label
* Seal full boxes with packing tape
* Place account sticker on outside of box
* Boxes should not weigh over 50 pounds
* Boxes can be transported to room 6015 for pickup
*Sharps Disposal Procedures* Lined multi-ply cardboard
box for uncontaminated glass
* Properly labeled heavy gauge plastic sharps container for contaminated sharps
* Needles, scalpels, etc.* Do not clip or recap needles* Put in sharps container in lab
* Broken glassware* Use tongs or broom and shovel to pick
up
*Common Hazardous Waste Myths
*“It’s Not a Waste Until I Say It’s a Waste”
*“I Can Just React It and Pour It Down the Sink”
*“Training and Records Aren’t a High Priority”
*“Just put the bottle in the fume hood and take the cap off…”
*“The solution to pollution is dilution”
*RCRA Empty Containers
*The container IS hazardous waste, OR
*Container has been triple rinsed using an appropriate solvent and rinsate is collected for proper disposal
A Container That Held Any Hazardous Waste Is RCRA Empty If :
All Wastes Have Been Removed That Can Be Removed
For Acutely Hazardous Wastes -
*Disposal of Empty Containers
* Remove the Label or* Completely Deface It
with a Marker or* Tape Over the Label,
and …* Place a “RCRA Empty”
Label on the container:
To show that the empty container no longer contains hazardous materials:
*US EPA Definition – Hazardous Waste
*On a US EPA List or:
*Fits Hazardous Waste Definition
*Ignitable
*Corrosive
*Toxic
*Reactive
Is the Material a Hazardous Waste?
*Waste Labeling InstructionsFront Back (Peel and
Stick)
* Do not use chemical symbols, abbreviations, or formulas
*Waste Disposal Procedures
Hazardous Chemical Waste:* Collect waste in appropriately labeled
container (labels available from CTRC Manager and EH&S)
* Containers must be capped* Containers undamaged, free of leaks and
spills* Containers properly stored within secondary
containment* Incompatible wastes segregated in separate
secondary containment* Base under containers in good condition* Download “Request for Hazardous Waste
Disposal” electronic form on UB EH&S website, fill in by hand and fax or email a scanned copy to EH&S
* Questions can be directed to UB EH&S (829-3301)
*Satellite Accumulation Area
Inspection - Perform Weekly*Are containers:
*Labeled?
*Capped?
*Undamaged, free of leaks and spills?
*Properly stored within secondary containment?
*Incompatible wastes segregated in separate secondary containment?
*Base under containers in good condition?
*Keep Inspection Records for 3 Years
Hazardous Waste
Guidebook
Resource is there for you.
Use it!
Available on line at www.ehs.buffalo.edu or
from the EH&S office at 829-3301
*Hazardous Waste Guidebook
*Waste Disposal Procedures
Radioactive Waste:* Collect in appropriate
labeled & shielded(i.e., if needed) container
* Separate containers for:* Type (e.g., dry, liquid,
scintillation fluid)* Nuclide (e.g., H-3, I-125, P-32)
* Call Radiation Safety (829-3281) for instructions
Note: Additional training is required to work with radioactive materials or radiation generating equipment
* Disposal of Empty Containers
* Under no circumstances may a container labeled with the international radioactive symbol, biohazard symbol or with the words “hazardous waste” be disposed of in the regular trash
* Label must be removed or defaced
*Injury
*Major- Go to BGMC Emergency Department or call Kaleida Security (859-2196)
*Minor- Notify supervisor and go to BGMC Emergency Department or personal physician
*AEDs and first aid kits are located on each floor near kitchenette/conference rooms- know where they are.
*First aid can only be performed by individuals who have proper training
* Documentation*Biological Hygiene Plan- under revision
*Organization and administration
*General operating procedures
*General safety procedures
*Personal protective equipment
*Emergency response
*Chemical Hygiene Plan
*Procedure Specific SOPs
*Employee Records*Employee right to know
*Privacy
* Emergency plans
*Spills
*Emergency contacts *CTRC- Kaleida Security- 859-2196
*EH&S- 829-3301
*Fire evacuation route
*Exposures
* References* UB Environment, Health, and Safety: http://
www.facilities-buffalo.org/Departments/ehs
* OSHA, www.osha.gov
* EPA, www.epa.gov
* Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories (American Chemical Society)
* Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories- Fifth edition: http://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl5/bmbl5toc.htm
* American Biological Safety Association: http://www.absa.org/index.html
* OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10051
* APIC guidelines for disinfectant use (Amer. J Inf. Contr., vol 24, No. 4, pp313-342, August 1996)
* Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance (Clin Mic Rev, Jan. 1999, p. 147–179 Vol. 12, No. 1)
* Health Canada MSDLs: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/msds-ftss/index.html
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