current status of redd+ and fleg in myanmarc.ymcdn.com/sites/ 18-9-2015 current status of redd+ and...
Post on 25-Jun-2018
216 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
1
18-9-2015
Current Status of REDD+ and FLEG in
Myanmar
Dr. Thaung Naing Oo
Director – Forest Research Institute
Forest Department
Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry
H.Q. FD
Scope of presentation
1Organizational Structure of
MOECAF
2 Policy and Legislations
REDD+ and FLEGT Preparation
2
3
4
The Way Forward4
4
Institutional Structure
Union Minister
Deputy Minister ( Forest)
Deputy Minister (Environment)
Forest Department
Dry ZoneGreening
Dept.
MyanmaTimber
Enterprise
Environmental Conservation
Dept.
Survey Dept
Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry
6
FOREST POLICY (1995):
POLICY IMPERATIVES
PROTECTION of soil, water, wildlife, biodiversity and environment;
SUSTAINABILITY of forest resources to ensure perpetual supply of both
tangible and intangible benefits
BASIC NEEDS of the people for fuel, shelter, food and recreation;
EFFICIENCY to harness, in the socio-environmentally friendly manner,
the full economic potential of the forest resources;
PARTICIPATION of the people in the conservation and utilization of the
forests;
PUBLIC AWARENESS about the vital role of the forests in the well being
and socio-economic development of the nation.
7
Policy and Legislation
- Forest Law 1992
- (Myanmar Forest Act1902 was replaced with new
Forest Law 1992)
- Forest Rules 1995
- Protection of Wildlife & Wild Plants & Conservation of
Natural Areas Law 1994
- Protection of Wildlife & Wild Plants & Conservation of
Natural Areas Rules 2002
- Environmental Conservation Law 2012 and Rules
2014
- MTE Extraction Manual 1948
- State Timber Board Act 1950
- Standing orders for Extraction Staff of MTE 1970
- Logging Rules 1936
- National Code of Forest Harvesting Practices 2000
8
Instructions
- Departmental Instructions
- Community Forestry Instructions 1995
- Standing Orders for Subordinates
- Procedures (Records/ Forms)
- Criteria & Indicators for SFM 2007
- 30-year National Forest Master Plan (2002-2031)
- 10-year District Management Plans
- 5-year action plan
- Annual work plan
- National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan (NBSAP)
- Mangrove Action Plan
- Inlay Lake Watershed Conservation Action Plan
Sectoral Plans
Legal classification Area (km2) % of land
area
Reserved forest (RF) 121,843 18.1
Protected public forest
(PPF)
40,950 6.4
Total RF+PPF 162,793 24.5
Protected area system
(PAS)
35,107 6.7
Policy target
RF+PPF – 30% of total country's area
PAS – 10% of total country’s area10
Forest Cover of Myanmar Derived from 2005-2007 Landsat Images (FRA 2010)
Forest Cover Status of Myanmar (FRA 2010)
Area (sq km)
% of total country
area
Closed forest 13,445 19.9
Open forest 18,329 27.1
Total forest 31,773 47.0
Other Wooded land 20,113 29.7
Others 13,869 20.5
Water body 1,903 2.8
Total 67,658 100
11
Forest Cover Status of Myanmar (FRA 2015 Draft)
FRA 2015 Source Data
Area % of total
country
area(sq km)
Closed forest 15,306 22.6
Open forest 15,167 22.4
Total forest 30,473 45.0
Other Wooded land 14,524 21.5
Others 20,759 30.7
Water body 1,903 2.8
Total 67,658 100
Projected Data for FRA 2015
12
Elements of SFM
1) Extent of forest resources
2) Forest biological diversity
3) Forest health and vitality
4) Productive functions of forest
resources
5) Protective functions of forest
resources
6) Socio-economic functions of forest
resources
7) Legal, policy and institutional
framework
15
- The principle forest management applied in managing the natural forests in
Myanmar since 1856.
- Exploitation-cum-cultural System.
- Felling cycle of 30 years.
- Felling is regulated by area and exploitable size of trees (DBH≥63 cm).
- Girdling of teak, selection felling of other hardwood
- Removal of inferior trees interfering with the growth of teak and other
valuable species.
- Thinning of congested teak stands
- Enumeration of future yield trees down to fixed sizes
- Leaving high quality teak tree as seed tree (mother tree)
- Monitoring forest for Fixing of AAC for teak and hardwood
Myanmar Selection System - MSS
Species Annual allowable cuts (AAC)
No. of trees Volume (m3)
Teak 124,213 409,062
Other
hardwood
1,795,424 3,236,071
Forest Management System
16
Assessment of AAC
Selection of Exploitable trees
Teak GirdlingHardwood Selective
Felling Marking
Logging
Enumeration of Trees left
Assessment of AAC
Teak: 30 years
Hardwoods: variable
Myanmar Selection System - MSS
Criteria and Indicators (C&I) for SFM
There are 63 districts (Forest Management Unit-FMU) across the country.
7 Criteria and 73 Indicators were identified for Forest Management Unit
(FMU) level.
7 Criteria and 78 Indicators were identified for National level.
17
Forest Management Unit (FMU) is District
Level.
63 Districts (63 FMU) across the country.
Each FMU includes 6 categories:
Production Working Circle (PWC),
Planted Forests Working Circle (PFWC),
Local Supply / Community Forestry
Working Circle (LS/CFWC)
Watershed Forests Working Circle
(FWC) and
Non-wood Forest Products Working
Circle (NFPWC)
Protected areas working circle
National Forest Management Plan (2002-
2031)
Emerging Vision
21
To contribute to green development by
protecting global environmental resources
(forest carbon stocks, but also biodiversity),
helping to reverse land degradation, helping to
improve the livelihoods of the rural poor and
aiding adaptation to climate change
July 2012
Scoping mission
December 2012
National WS –formed 3 TWG:Drivers and Strategies; Stakeholders and Safeguards; and MRV/FREL
May 2013
Initial National Consultation WS
June 2013
Four Regional Consultation WS (Bago Reg, Shan State, AyeyarwadyReg, SagaingReg)
August 2013
Submission to MOECAF,
Adoption and preparing proposal for financial support
Objectives:
Develop Myanmar’s REDD+ Readiness Roadmap through a multi-stakeholder participation process Raise awareness about REDD+
REDD+ Readiness Roadmap: Development Process
TIMELINE
22
Three REDD+ Phases
Readiness
Phase
- Capacity building
-Design of nationally-appropriate
REDD+ activities
Pilot Phase
national or
sub-nat.
demonstration
activities
Implementati
on Phase
Positive
incentives for
verified
performance
Choice of REDD+
strategies will
depend on
specific drivers
of deforestation
and forest
degradation
Demonstration
activities have to
be “results-
based” – they
have to result in
positive outcomes
The mitigation
performance of REDD+
has to be measured and
reported by the country,
and verified by the
UNFCCC
Structure of the Roadmap
Section 1: Management of REDD+ Readiness
Section 2: Stakeholder Consultation and
Participation
Section 3: Development and Selection of
REDD+ Strategies
Section 4: Implementation Framework and
Safeguards
Section 5: Developing a National Forest
Reference Emission Level (REL) and
Reference Level (RL)Section 6: Developing a National Forest
Monitoring System
The Roadmap sets out how Myanmar will implement its REDD+ Readiness activities
24
25
Completed
assessment of
several international
frameworks in relation
to national
circumstances of
Myanmar
Initial analyses
(e.g.,
stakeholders,
drivers)
undertaken
MRV team has
prepared initial
design
Historical data
digitized and
historical land use
maps under
preparation
REDD+ Stakeholder Network
REDD+
Taskforce Office (FD)
REDD+ Task Force
MOECAF, MOAI, MOHA
MERN
Proposed National REDD+ Taskforce
Existing TWGs
1. Drivers and strategy
2. Stakeholder & safeguards
3. MRV
New TWGs
1. Incentive allocation system
2. REDD+ Implementation
3. Legal
Other networks,
Government members,
based on existing Taskforce
TWGTWG TWG TWG TWG
TWG
National Environmental Conservation Committee
26TWG s are composed of representatives from
line Ministries, CSOs, NGOs and IPs
Targeted Support of the UN-REDD Programme the following
activities are being implemented:
• Governance
• Stakeholder engagement
• National REDD+ Strategy Development
• Social and Environmental Safeguards
• National Forest Monitoring System
• Forest Reference Emission Levels (RELs/RLs)
Implementation of REDD+ Readiness Roadmap
27
28
57.97%51.54%49.25%46.96%
45.04%
05,000
10,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,000
1990 2000 2005 2010 2015
Are
a (
000 h
a)
Year
Closedforest
Open forest
Forest Cover Changes in Myanmar
29
Driver Impact Underlying causes
Over- exploitation of
forest timber (legal-
illegal)
1 More accurate and conservative AAC, lack coordination
between FD and Myanmar Timber Enterprise harvesting,
political interference, transparency and accountability,
security, market demand for timber
Over- harvesting of
wood biomass as a
source of energy
2 High demand for wood energy for domestic use and
industrial use, lack of alternatives to fuel wood/charcoal
Unstable or pioneering
shifting cultivation (not
permanent conversion
of forest into
agricultural land)
3 Loss of traditional land due to investments (hydropower,
agriculture), growing population, lack of land tenure over
shifting cultivation areas and alternatives to this land use
Forest fires 4 Natural fires, shifting cultivation, hunting and pasture
management, lack of forest tenure rights, droughts
Myanmar REDD+ Roadmap: Forestry Sector Drivers:
Forest Degradation
30
Driver Impact Underlying causes
Expansion of
Agriculture
(Subsistence and
Commercial)
1 Low agricultural yields, population increase, land claims
throughutilization or cropping, weak forest land tenure,
promotion of industrial plantations (palm oil, rubber, pulp
wood etc.) by decision makers who value short-term
profits over valuation of environmental services,
ambitious production targets for the agricultural sector.
Mining 2 High global and regional demand, lack of strong EIA and
mitigation plans, weak coordination of mining sector with
Forestry sector (laws, approval process)
Hydropower
development
3 High national and regional demand for electricity,lack of
strong EIA and mitigation plans, weak coordination with
energy sector
Infrastructure (road,
pipeline, special
economic zones,
power lines)
4 Lack ofEIA regulations for public infrastructure and lack
of implementation and monitoring of mitigation plans,
lack of coordination among relevant ministries
Myanmar REDD+ Roadmap: Drivers outside Forestry
Sector: Deforestation
National Land Use Policy
Objectives
To benefit to the people and country, harmonize
land use systems, balance between development
and conservation;
To protect the land use right of the citizens and
To improve land administration system; Links to Land Administration Reform Efforts:
Essential Steps
Developing a National Land Use Policy
Drafting a National Land Law
Landuse Management Plans
One Map Myanmar
Land Use Policy Formulation Process
Land Use Allocation and Scrutinizing
Committee (LUASC) was formed with the
Presidential order.
LUASC is chaired by the Union Minister for
MOECAF and consists of 25 members.
Members are representatives from
concerned Government Ministries and
agencies to formulate Land Use Policy;
Series of working group meetings and
stakeholder consultation meetings were
held to draw Land Use Policy (Draft).
Fifth draft of the Land Use Policy has been
developed with the participation of multiple
stakeholders.34
Central Committee for National Land Resource Management
The Central Committee for National Land Resource Management was
organized in October 2014.
The Vice-President is leading the Committee, and the Ministry of
Environmental Conservation and Forestry (MOECAF) is taking the
responsibilities for the Focal Ministry.
35
Central Committee
for National Land Resource Management
Working Committee for Reviewing Land Use
Policy
Working Committee for Developing Land
Resource Law
Working Committee for Coordinating and
Implementing Land Resource Projects and
Plans
36
Public Consultation Workshops held on Nay Pyi Taw Council,
Regions and State on November 2014
Finalizing the National Land Use Policy in accordance with the
results of National Workshop, recommendations of Government
Organizations and Hluttaw’s Committee, and public feedbacks
38
In line with the international initiatives the Timber
Certification Committee of Myanmar (TCCM) was
established in 1998 in order to support SFM and get
access of myanmar timber to the international market.
TCCM is a non-profit, non-political and impartial
organization.
To cover all aspects of timber certification process, TCCM
was changed to Myanmar Forest Certification Committee
(MFCC) in 2012.
Implementation of Timber Certification and Legality Assurance System in Myanmar
40
National Governing Body- NGB
MFCC is the NGB of forest/timber certification in Myanmar.
MFCC was established by the decree of MOECAF with the
approval of the government.
MFCC is constituted with the representatives from environmental
NGOs, research and academic institutions, private enterprises,
government departments and individuals .
Certification Body - CB
Forest management and COC certifications under MFCC shall
be carried out by impartial, competent third parties (CBs).
Implementation of Timber Certification and Legality Assurance
System in Myanmar
41
Preparation of EU FLEGT – VPA Process
- According to EU FLEGT Action Plan, Myanmar is now moving forward
to involve Voluntary Partnership Agreements –VPA’s Partner Country
to export Myanmar’s timber to EU market since Forest Law,
Enforcement, Governance and Trade Workshop held in July 2013,
Myanmar.
- On behalf of Myanmar, MOECAF informed to EU to initiate the VPA
process starting from “Request for a dialogue on a FLEGT VPA
approach” which is a preparation phase in country consensus
building.
- In accordance with the bilateral trade agreements between the EU
and Myanmar, MOECAF is now implementing the information
dissemination about VPA to multi-stakeholders for consensus building.
Preparation of EU FLEGT – VPA Process
43
Myanmar formally proposed to enter into the EU FLEGT VPA process in November 2013
EU acknowledge to participate in the process in March, 2014
the teleconference between EC and FD was made in July 2014 to move forward the process
EC and EFI Expert Mission to FD, MOECAF in Oct 2014
Inception workshop on EU-Myanmar FLEGT VPA Preparation Phase was held in January 2015
Follow up activities of the Inception workshop
(a) 1st meeting of ITF was held at FD on 6 July
( 3 members increased from each SH Group, ToRs for ITF, Draft work plan for preparation phase, Group E.mail , MSG, M SH Consultation Workshop for discussion on WP and its finalization)
(b) ITF formed with 24 members in which 8 members from each stakeholder group are included, by MOECAF
(c) 2nd Meeting (11 Sept @MFCC Office, Yangon)
(ToRs of ITF (Final Draft) will be agreed to proceed for approval, Discuss on draft work plan for preparation phase and follow up activities to be done , Conflict sensitivity analysis by Mr Tim Dawson and Dr Marlene Buchy, Secretariat office, Awareness raising and capacity building , Report of 1st Visit of Dr ML - 24 July to 8 Aug)
Status of Supports for FLEGT VPA process at
Present for Government Sector
(a) FLEGT advisor Dr Marlene Buchy was dispatched for short term ( July – Dec 2015) supported by EU FAO FLEGT Programme in order to help government prepares negotiations and to promote dialogue between the government and the stakeholders.
(b) A FLEGT facilitator with neutral position also will be assigned for the short term supported by EU EFI to help all stakeholders to create and maintain an open dialogue and reach consensus as needed in FLEGT VPA preparation and negotiations
(c ) ToRs of FLEGT Support for long term by DFID was approved by MOECAF and the necessary procedures have been taking by DFID for starting support. (two year)
(a) Raising awareness of stakeholders about the FLEGT
process
(b) Identification of stakeholders and ways of involvement
(c) Structuring the process
(d) Establishment of a multi-stakeholder group to work on
FLEGT VPA related issues
(e) Setup a FLEGT secretariat
(f) Baseline studies
Such as: demand/supply, drivers of deforestation, forest
resource assessment, socio-economic
assessment, feasibility of FLEGT VPA
Key activities and work plan (draft)
48
- Forest Department of Myanmar is seriously paying attention to
combat illegal wildlife trade as well as illegal timber trade that leads
to the deforestation, forest degradation and loss of royalties.
- Combating towards those trades is the collaborative action between
Forest Department, Myanmar Police Force and local administration.
- The suspects involved in those illegal timber trades were taken
actions against the laws, particularly with Forest Law (1992).
- Cooperation of neighboring countries is invited to combat illegal
logging so as to promote legal timber trade.
Combating Illegal Logging
No Year Cu .Ton
1 2005-06 51616.75
2 2006-07 53814.36
3 2007-08 40672.56
4 2008-09 37584.87
5 2009-00 54015.06
6 2010-11 30725.35
7 2011-12 18325.13
8 2012-13 31571.63
9 2013-14 22587.84
10 2014-15 33884.78
Total 386619.09
49
Seizing illegal logs/timber
50
Map showing tracks of Illegal logs transportation to Myanmar-
China Border Area
logging yard……………………..
All Season Tracks…………………
Open Season Tracks…………….
51
- Extending Permanent Forest Estate (Reserved Forest+ Public
Protected Forests) up to 30% of total country areas while
Protected Areas up to 10 %.
- Strengthening SFM and forest governance
- Developing Timber Legality and Assurance System (Timber
Certification)
- Implementation of REDD+ Readiness Roadmap
- Adoption of land use policy and a land law
- Promoting payment for ecosystem services (PES) and green
economy green growth (GEGG) in forestry sector
- Decentralization in forest management through promoting CF,
JFM, long lease, Private PT) including Corporatization of MTE
The Way Forward to Achieve SFM
top related