dawit welderafael jonathan lester
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Dawit Welderafael Jonathan Lester
Wave Power Dawit Welderafael Jonathan Lester Wave Power
Differential warming of the earth causes pressure differences in
the atmosphere, which generate winds As winds move across the
surface of open bodies of water, they transfer some of their energy
to the water and create waves World Energy Council, Wave Energy,
available at Tom Heath, Realities of Wave Energy, available at Wave
Power Wave power is practically in practically inexhaustible and
classified as a renewable energy source. Wave energy can be
extracted and converted into electricity by wave power machines.
They can be deployed either on the shoreline or in deeper waters
offshore. Wave Power Wave energy fluxes in open sea or against
coasts may vary from a few watts to kilowatts per meter. In
favorable locations, wave energy density can average 65 megawatts
per mile of coastline. The total power of waves breaking on the
world's coastlines is estimated at 2 to 3 million megawatts. The
cost/ kwh is cents How to create Electricity ? Wave Power There are
many ways to create Electricity
1.Float or Pitching Device or buoyant moored device 2.Oscillating
Water Columns (OWC) 1.Float or Pitching Device or buoyant moored
device
The device floats on or just below the surface of the water and is
moored to the sea floor. A wave power machine needs to resist the
motion of the waves in order to generate power: part of the machine
needs to move while another part remains still. 1.Float or Pitching
Device or buoyant moored device
In this type of device, the mooring is static and is arranged in
such a way that the waves motion will move only one part of the
machine. Electricity is generated from the bobbing or pitching
action of a floating object which can be mounted to a floating raft
or to a device fixed on the ocean floor. 2.Oscillating Water
Column
As a wave enters the collector, the surface of the water column
rises and compresses the volume of air above it. The compressed air
is forced into an aperture at the top of the chamber, moving past a
turbine. As the wave retreats, the air is drawn back through the
turbine due to the reduced pressure in the chamber. Alternative
Fuels, Ocean Power: Waves, available at Research Institute for
Sustainable Energy, Wave Energy, available at BBC News, How it
Works: Wave Power, available at Oscillating Water Column
The turning of the turbine drives a generator, producing
electricity! Research Institute for Sustainable Energy, Wave
Energy, available at Advantages & Disadvantages of Wave Power
Advantages A much greater extent of power is concentrated in the
motion of waves than in the movement of air. Whereas the power
density at a good wind energy site may be of the order of a few
square meter, the power density in a corresponding area of wave
motion may be up to 100 times greater. It produces no greenhouse
gases or other waste. It needs no fuel. Advantages.. Wave energy
has this advantage over wind or solar energy that the energy has
been naturally concentrated by accumulation over-time and space and
transported from the point at which it was originally present in
the winds. Wave power devices do not use up large land masses like
solar or wind. It produces electricity reliably. It is free and
renewable energy source. Advantages.. These devices are relatively
pollution free, and because they remove energy from the waves, the
water is left in a relatively placid(calm) state in their wakes.
Disadvantages The major disadvantage of wave energy, as compared to
wind, is that the energy is available in the ocean. Therefore the
extractionequipment must operate in a marine environment which will
have to be taken into account during its construction and its
maintenance ,lifetime and reliability should be considered since
the energy may have to be transported through a great distance to
the shore. Disadvantages There is relative scarcity of accessible
sites of large wave activity. Wave energy conversion devices that
have been proposed are relatively complicated . Economic factors
such as the capital investment, costs of maintenance, repair and
replacement as well as problems of biological growth of marine
organisms which seem to be very large, are all relatively unknown.
Disadvantages Wave energyconverters must be capable of withstanding
very severe peak stressesin storm. History The first known patent
to use energy from ocean waves dates back to 1799 and was filed in
Paris by Girard and his son. An early application of wave power was
a device constructed around 1910 by Bochaux-Praceique to light and
power his house at Royan, near Bordeauxin France.It appears that
this was the first oscillating water-column type of wave-energy
device. From 1855 to 1973 there were already 340 patents filed in
the UK alone. History Modern scientific pursuit of wave energy was
pioneered by Yoshio Masuda's experiments in the 1940s. He has
tested various concepts of wave-energy devices at sea, with several
hundred units used to power navigation lights. Among these was the
concept of extracting power from the angular motion at the joints
of an articulated raft, which was proposed in the 1950s by Masuda.
Wave Power in the World The World Energy Council has estimated that
approximately 2 terawatts (2 million megawatts), about double
current world electricity production, could be produced from the
oceans via wave power. It is estimated that 1 million gigawatt
hours of wave energy hits Australian shores annually and that 25%
of the UK's current power usage could be supplied by harvesting its
wave resource. Wave Power The strongest winds blow between 30 and
60 in latitude.
Western coastlines at these latitudes experience the most powerful
waves. Robert W. Thresher, Wave and Tidal Energy: Whats Happening?
available at World Energy Council, Wave Energy, available at Tom
Heath, Realities of Wave Energy, available atlast visited . Global
Wave Energy Resource Distribution (measuring the amount of power in
kW contained in each linear meter of wave front) Rhode Island
Energetechs GreenWave Project
Energetech proposed constructing an OWC similar to that in Port
Kembla off the coast of Rhode Island called the GreenWave project
Analysis has shown the area to be an ideal location due to local
wave and geological structure, proximity to the power grid, and
ease of installation Alternative Consumer, Rhode Island Wave Power
Plant Caught Up in Red Tape, available at Rhode Island Energetechs
GreenWave Project
The structure would have a generating capacity of 500 kW, enough to
power 300 homes The project is not for profit, but to demonstrate
the commercial viability of wave energy technologies Energetech
intended the device to be operational in 2006, but the project is
currently caught in the regulatory red tape U.S. Department of
Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Rhode Island
Launces Wave Energy Pilot Project, available at sources The End
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