design frameworks: past, present and futures

Present

Design Frameworks AKA Design Processes AKA Design Sequences AKA Design Procedures AKA Design Macros AKA Design Spaces AKA Design Spirals…

Permaculture Design Processes By Hannah Thorogood

Design Tools AKA Design Methods

Permaculture Design Tools By Hannah Thorogood

S 

A 

D 

I 

M 

E 

T 

Survey 

Assess/Analyse 

Design/Decisions 

Implement 

Maintain/Manage 

Evaluate 

Tweak 

From Hedvig Murray’s website http://hedvigmurray.co.uk/   

O 

B 

R 

E 

D 

I 

M

E 

T 

Observe 

Boundaries 

Resources 

Design/Decisions 

ImplementaAon 

Maintain/Manage 

(r)Evaluate 

Tweak 

Evaluate 

Anonymous, from http://clipartist.info

C 

E 

A 

P 

Collect site informa/on 

Evaluate this informa/on 

Apply permaculture Principles to this informa/on & to generate a design 

Plan a schedule of  implementa/on, Maintenance & tweaking 

Patrick Whitefield 

From Earth Care Manual

Australian Design Process? “IIEPCIORR” from Aranya Permaculture Design

Ross Mars Design Process

Information Phase Analysis Phase Design Phase Management Phase

Observing & Collecting Data

Reflecting, Examining & Collating data. Recognizing patterns

Determining Strategies

Implementing, Monitoring & managing

From The Basics of Permaculture Design (1996) 

Action Learning Cycle

Past

Permaculture Elder

OLD MEN

ACTION LEARNING CYCLE

David A Kolb (b.1939)

Peter Honey and Alan Mumford’s Reworking of Kolb’s Learning Cycle

Peter Honey (b.1940)

Japanese P-D-C-A cycle, 1951  

W. Edwards Deming (1900 - 1993 )

Deming Wheel (1951)

Dr Walter A. Shewhart (1891-1967)

Statistical method from the viewpoint of quality control (1939)

Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Novum Organum Scientiarum (1620)

Chris Argyris (b.1923) 

Donald Schön (1930-1997)

The Reflective Practitioner: How professionals think in Action (1984)

O’BREDIMET

From Industrial Engineering?

Russell Mackenzie Currie (1902 - 1967)

Work Study (1960)

Select

Record

Examine

Develop

Install

Maintain

S-R-E-D-I-M

Andy Langford (b.1949)

1970s – uses SREDIM in production engineering context.

1980s – teaching permaculture, recognizing lack of design frameworks adapts SREDIM as BREDIM

B Boundaries and resources R Recording of the site E Examination and analysis of data D Design strategies chosen I Implementation Strategy M Maintenance requirement of proposed system

Development of BREDIM

To OBREDIM – Addition of O for Observation

To OBREDIMET – Addition of ET for Evaluation and Tweaking

From Welsh permaculture group early 1990s? 

From within permaculture community late 1990s? 

SADIMET From Landscape Architecture?

The modernist Survey-Analysis-Design procedure, as used in the 1970s From City as Landscape: A Post Post‐modern View of Design and Planning (1995) by Tom Turner

Patrick Geddes (1854 – 1922)

SURVEY – ASSESS ‐ PLAN 

“Survey before plan” 

“Diagnos/c Survey” 

“Conserva/ve Surgery” 

Geddes - Valley Section

Andy Langford Design Cycle Manual (Gaia University International)

Future 

Bill Mollison & David Holmgren 

Design Web Developed by Looby McNamara 

www.spiralsofabundance.com www.designedvisions.com 

James Chapman’s Designing Tree Design Process 

Three Phases: 

1 – Ground Work (Roots) 

2 – Evalua/on and The Elements (Trunk) 

3 – The Design Tools (Branches),  Principles (Leaves) and Ideas (Blossom) 

E-G-A-D-I-M-E Design Process by Deano Martin

h`p://deanom.wordpress.com/diploma/test‐one/project‐two/ 

David Jacke

Goals Ar/cula/on 

Site Analysis & Assessment 

Design Concept Development 

Design 

Implementa/on 

Maintenance David Jacke with Eric Toensmeir Edible Forest Gardens; Volume Two: Design & Practice (2005)

Design process developed by Ethan Roland and colleagues at Appleseed Permaculture. 

h`p://appleseedpermaculture.com/services/design/ 

GaSADIM

GaSADIE

GSADIM

Addition of “Goals Articulation” To SADIM Design Process

Permaculture Design Process Wheel  By Charles A. Laurel (Inspired by Dave Jacke, Jon Young, and Mark Morey) 

h`p://www.transi/onputney.net/resources/a‐permaculture‐design‐process‐wheel/ 

8 Shields Model via Jon Young http://8shields.com/

Ken Wilber’s “AQAL” Model used within Integrative Ecosocial Design At Gaia University

http://www.gaiauniversity.org/

http://biomimicry.net

Wider Design Thinking

A double diamond diagram was developed through in‐house research at the Design Council  in 2005 as a simple graphical way of describing the design process.                     h`p://www.designcouncil.org.uk/designprocess 

Tom Markus and Tom Maver’s map of the architectural design process (1969/70)

RIBA’s outline “Plan of Work” Original (1960s) and 2013 revision

Engineering Design Process (NASA)

RESOURCES

Books

Hugh Dubberly How do you Design: A Compendium of Models Hanks, Belliston Edwards Design Yourself J. Christopher Jones Design Methods Bryan Lawson How Designers Think; The Design Process Demystified

Websites

Design Council - www.designcouncil.org.uk/designprocess IDEO - http://www.ideo.com/work/toolkit-for-educators J. Christopher Jones - http://www.softopia.demon.co.uk/ Metadesigners Open Network - http://metadesigners.org

Will there be permaculture design in the new Design Museum? 

Why Not? 

James Piers Taylor

@LondonPrmcultr

http://permaculturediploma.blogspot.co.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/naturewise http://www.youtube.com/LondonPermaculture http://www.slideshare.net/yourmindfire

Thanks to Aranya, Graham Bell, Jon Boshier, Mark Fisher and Andy Langford for providing information.