designing a drop-in hydrogen fueling station

Designing a Drop-in Hydrogen Fueling Station 2014 Hydrogen Student Design Contest

Long Beach, CA May 8, 2014

In this presentation… 1. Project Scope 2. Customer Attributes 3. Liquid H2 Delivery 4. Station Design 5. User Interface 6. Safety Features 7. Site Logistics 8. Economic Analysis

• Low cost – current H2 stations are $2- 4 million each • Hydrogen delivered for $7/kg • Fuel 2 vehicles simultaneously, 25 vehicles per day • 5 minute fill time for 700 bar, 5 kg fuel tank • Transportable • Low maintenance • Operated and monitored remotely • Hydrogen storage should withstand 48 hr shutdown

2014 HYDROGEN STUDENT DESIGN CONTEST

DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN FOR A DROP-IN HYDROGEN FUELING STATION TO SUPPORT THE EARLY MARKET BUILD-OUT OF HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Key Rules and Guidelines:

Design with the Customer in Mind

Low Cost No Maintenance

=

Compact

Bring in Customers Profit

Why Liquid Hydrogen Delivery?

• Lowest cost

• Low energy demand

• Minimizes equipment

• Utilizes thermal properties

4 times the density of delivered gas

• Existing infrastructure

80-90% of all non-pipeline H2 delivered by cryogenic liquid tankers.1

1 Technology Transition Corporation (TTC). (22 March 2010). Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: The U.S. Market Report.

Image from www.worldindustrialreporter.com

liquid H2 gaseous H2

Designing a Drop-in Hydrogen Fuel Station

• Safety!

Image from www.hypercompeng.com

Image from www.horizonfuelcell.com

Image from www.chartindustries.com

• Liquid H2 Storage

• Autogenous Pressurization

• Hydrogen Boil-off

• Transportability

25%

100%

100%

75%

90%

100%

65% 50% 0%

93%

Remote Operator Interface

Customer Interface

Customer Interface

Safety Systems

Pressure

Relief

Image from www.hazsafe.com

Image from www.swagelok.com

Image from www.ceasefire.com

Images from www.firelite.com

Image from www.industrialfansdirect.com

Ventilation

Fire/Emergency Systems Explosion Relief

Image from www.horizonfuelcell.com

Continuous Monitoring

Image from www.xicomputer.com

Site Logistics •Located on WSU campus •Existing gasoline station on-site •Easy access for vehicles and refuelers •Meets Washington Administrative Code •Fire resistant walls reduce setback distances

Pump 1 Pump 2

Equipment

Top View

Economic Analysis • Explicit and implicit costs considered:

– Fixed cost = $423,000 (all equipment)

– Monthly costs = $735 (power, water, maintenance – demand dependent)

– Discount rate

– Risk premium for the owner

• Price (P) model [$/kg] – Monthly Demand (D)

– Rate of Return (RR)

Required Return Monthly Demand (kg)

Price ($/kg)

Price per 5 kg or 300 miles ($)

10% 3000 11.31 56.55

30% 3000 11.62 58.10

10% 6000 9.62 48.10

30% 6000 9.78 48.90

Economics – Results

20003000

40005000

6000Demand per Month

0.00.2 0.4

Required Rate of Return

10

12

14

16

Price

(kg)

($/kg)

Economics – Results

Conclusion

• Total equipment cost = $423,000

• Utilizes established liquid hydrogen infrastructure

• Autogenous pressurization

• System designed to be inherently safe

• This design could be built today!

Thank You