designing your argument
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Arguments should have certain elements
By Isabel DeFeo at Frederick Community CollegeCopyright ©2011
In an argument essay, you make a claim and then go about proving it through
Logic Research Examples
When trying to persuade someone, an author should
Show the audience how he arrived at his opinion
Offer a clear explanation for each point he makes
Show that he is knowledgeable and can be trusted
Arguments follow an organizational pattern
Title Introduction Body
Main points Supporting Points
Likely objections Refutation
Conclusion
Introduces topic Hooks reader
Be bold with your titleUse an imageUse a phrase from
your paper or a quote
Ask a question
At the same time you are hooking your reader, your introduction should also
Introduce your topic and your stance
Offer the road map for your paper
Remember? Ask a question Use a few well-
chosen words Present a bold,
challenging statement (shocker)
Use a teaser lead Incorporate a
quote
It is the most important sentence of the entire paper. Why?
Offers main idea Offers direction
(skeleton) Makes a claim
that must be proven
Depends on the topic, but it should
Build on claim in introduction
Follow pattern set forth in thesis and introduction
Make audience familiar with topic and the issues at hand
General to specific (or vice versa)
Most important to least important or vice versa)
Weakest claim to strongest claim (or vice versa)
Side by side comparison
Block comparison
Builds your credibility
Builds a more convincing argument
In various places within the essay
With each main point you make
After you have finished with your main points
Think about your audience
Admit when an objection might be valid
Avoid rude or derogatory language
Remain respectful and tactful
To back up your claims
To show knowledge
What should I look for? Find facts and
statistics that support each point you make (logos)
Find real life examples that illustrate your point (pathos)
Supports your points
Leaves a final thought
Tells the reader what you wantcalls to actionchanges opinionwarms
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