determining lamprey species composition, larval distribution and adult abundance in the deschutes...

Determining lamprey species composition, larval distribution

and adult abundance in the Deschutes River sub-basin

Jennifer Graham & Chris BrunConfederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

ProjectArea

Oregon

Oregon

Confederated Tribes of Warm

Springs Reservation

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

ObjectivesObjective 1: Determine larval distribution and associated habitat

Objective 3: Estimate the number of lamprey outmigrants by developmental stageObjective 4: Estimate the escapement

of adult lamprey, determine harvest and harvest rates at Sherar’s Falls.

Objective 2: Determining species composition of Lampetra

Larval Distribution and Associated Habitat

~ May - August

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 1

Methods

~ Three-tiered sampling methodology

~ Randomly selected 1 sample site per 10 Rkm

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 1

Methods – Habitat & Water QualityTier 2 – Transect

Wetted Channel WidthBankfull Channel

WidthCanopy Density

Tier 1 – ReachConductivity

Dissolved OxygenWater Temperature

Channel Slope

60-m

Tier 3 – Sub-sample

Mean Water DepthWater Velocity

Substrate CompositionHabitat Type1m x 1m

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 1

Methods – Lamprey sampling

~ Backpack electrofisher (AbP-2)

~ 2, 90-s samples

~ Lamprey~ Anesthetized,

identified, weighed and measured

~ Returned to collection area

Tier 3 – Sub-sample

~ 132 sub-sampled

~ 29.5% contained ammocoetes

Results - Streams

~4 of 13 streams sampled contained ammocoetes

~ Present in lowest reaches

~ 131 ammocoetes collected

~ Total length range: 25 mm – 145 mm~ Mean total Length: 77 mm

Results – Lamprey

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 1

However, sample sizes were small!!

Regression P-Value

Lamprey presence vs. Woody debris 0.000

Lamprey presence vs. Depositional Area 0.011

2004 Summary

~ Continue larval distribution and habitat data collection

~ Remainder of perennial streams in the lower Deschutes ~ Mainstem Deschutes

~ Conducted sampling in three tributaries

~ Determined distribution

Species Composition

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 2

Methods & Results~ Field identification problematic

~ Collect samples for permanent collection~ Electrofishing~ Rotary screw trap

~ Collect specimen in three different phases of development~ Only observed species in two phases

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 2

2004 Summary

~ Continue collecting samples

~ Send problematic samples to USGS

Estimate outmigrants and outmigration timing

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Methods

~ Fished 2 screw traps~ 5 days/wk; 24 hrs/day

~ Collected lamprey~ Anesthetized~ Identified to species~ Developmental stage~ Length

2002-2003 Screw Trap Summary

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Days Operated 118 112Days with lampreys present 81 84

Ammocoetes Collected 262 336Ammocoete Length Range (mm) 49-134 44-126Ammocoetes Mean Length (mm) 83.6 100.1

Macropthalmia Collected 68 1Macrophtalmia Length Range (mm) 90-159 --Macropthalmia Mean Length (mm) 127.8 120

Warm SpringsRiver

ShitikeCreek

Results – Warm Springs Timing

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

June

July

Aug

Sept Oct

Nov Dec

CPU

E (L

ampr

ey/D

ay)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12 2002 Ammocoetes2003 Ammocoetes

Results – Warm Springs Timing

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

June

July

Aug

Sept Oct

Nov Dec

CPU

E (L

ampr

ey/D

ay)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.02002 Macropthalmia2003 Macropthalmia

Results – Shitike Creek Timing

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Months

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

June

July

Aug

Sept Oct

Nov Dec

CPU

E (l

ampr

ey/d

ay)

02468

10121416

2002 Ammocoetes & Macrpthalmia2003 Ammocotes & Macropthalmia

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 3

Trap efficiencies

~ Multiple trap holding efficiencies~ 0% holding efficiency

~ No out-migrant estimates completed

~ Ammocoetes captured through electrofishing~ Marked with elastomer~ Placed in holding box

~ Checked after 24 hours

2004 Summary

~ Modify existing traps

~ Continue collecting timing data

~ Mark-recapture to estimate out-migrant numbers

~ Conduct trap efficiencies

Escapement Estimate and Tribal Harvest

Picture courtesy of Lyman Jim

Sherar’sFalls

Methods – Escapement

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 4

“Lamprey pots” (USFWS)~ Late-June – early-July~ Multiple modifications~ Fished various locations in fish ladder

Long-handled dip net~ Late-June – August~ Fished each pool 1 time/hr~ Same location each time

Floy Tag

Fin Clip

199 Lamprey Tagged

Results - Tagging

Results – Recapture

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Objective 4

Primary Tag Retention 77%

35 Recaptures (17.6% recapture rate)

11 Netting; 22 Creel; 2 Tribal member

returns

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 4

Methods – Tribal Harvest~ Access site creel survey

~ Mid-June - August~ 4 weekdays; 1 weekend day~ 1 hr. after sunset – 3 am

~ Creeled lamprey~ Examined for fin clip and floy tag~ Total length measured

~ Creel data expanded to estimate total tribal harvest

Results – Tribal Harvest

~ 21 interviews conducted

~ 585 lamprey collected

~ 960 estimated harvest

~ 9.25 lamprey/hr

~ Mean length: 62 cm

~ Range: 50-74 cm

Roger Jim, Sr.Celilo Falls

~ Tribal Harvest

~ Creel surveys

~ Mark-Recapture Study

~ Estimate escapement~ Tag retention~ Average movement rate

2004 Summary

ConclusionsObjective 1

Larval lamprey & Habitat

~Lamprey were present in 4 of the 13 streams sampled

~Complex habitat needs including depositional areas and woody debris

~Small sample sizes made it difficult to find relationships with lamprey presence

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

ConclusionsObjective 2

Species Identification

~Permanent collection

~Collected through electrofishing and rotary screw trap operations

~Only observed/collected 2 or the 3 developmental stages

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon

Department of Natural Resources

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Objective 3Timing

Shitike~ Peak movement: 2002 – March

2003 – December

WSR Ammocoetes Macropthalmia~ Peak movement: 2002 March

March 2003 May

December

Conclusions

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

ConclusionsObjective 4

Tribal Harvest & Upstream migration

Adult Escapement Estimate~ Marked 199 adult lamprey

~ Recaptured 35~ Tag retention 77%

Tribal Harvest~ 21 creel interview conducted – 585 lamprey~ Estimated harvest 960

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

2004 Summary

~ Objective 1: ~ Larval lamprey collection~ Habitat

Conclusions

~ Objective 2:~ Species identification

Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs

Reservation, OregonDepartment of Natural Resources

Conclusions2004 Summary

~ Objective 3: ~ Collect timing data ~ Conduct trap efficiencies

~ Objective 4:~ Estimate escapement~ Monitor tribal Harvest

We would like to thank Bonneville Power Administration

for funding this project.