developing cocoa applications with macruby
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Brendan G. Lim@brendanlim
brendan@intridea.com
Developing CocoaApplications With
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Objective-C & Cocoa
• RubyCocoa
• MacRuby
• Live Coding
• HotCocoa
Outline
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Object-oriented extensions to C
• Strongly typed
• Like Ruby, influenced by Smalltalk
• Primarily used for Mac OS X and iOS
Objective -C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• High-level API for Mac OS X
• Set of frameworks
• Includes FoundationKit, AppKit, etc.
• Apps typically built using tools like XCode and Interface Builder
Cocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Why make desktop apps?
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Different Paradigm
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Mac App Store
1. Build MacRuby application2. Submit to App Store4. Profit
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Why Ruby insteadof Objective-C?
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Apple Loves Ruby
2002 Mac OS X 10.2 Ruby 1.6.7
2005 Mac OS X 10.4 Ruby 1.8.2
2007 Mac OS X 10.5 Ruby 1.8.6RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
2009 Mac OS X 10.6 Ruby 1.8.7RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
2011 Mac OS X 10.7 Ruby 1.9.x?MacRuby? RubyCocoa, RubyGems, Rails
Saturday, February 5, 2011
object.method(param)
[object method:param];
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Ruby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
array = []
NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
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Ruby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
“ string”.strip
[@“ string” stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]]
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Ruby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
dictionary = {“key1” => “value1”, “key2” => “value2”}
NSArray *keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@”key1”,@”key2”];NSArray *data = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@”value1”,@”value2”];NSDictionary *dictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects forKeys:keys];
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Ruby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
+
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Bridge between Objective-C and Ruby
• Manipulate Objective-C objects using Ruby
• Write Cocoa apps in Ruby
• Runs on Ruby 1.8
• Ships with OSX Leopard
RubyCocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011
OSX::NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter.addObserver_selector_name_object( self, :window_moved, "NSWindowDidMoveNotification", nil)
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self, selector:@selector(windowMoved:) name:”NSWindowDidMoveNotification” object:nil];
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RubyCocoa vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
So, Why Not RubyCocoa?
(besides it looking gross)
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• It’s a bridge!
• Two runtimes, GCs, etc.
• Object conversions
• Syntax doesn’t feel like idiomatic Ruby
• It’s getting replaced
Why Not RubyCocoa?
Saturday, February 5, 2011
+
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Implementation of Ruby 1.9 that runs on top the Objective-C runtime
• Open sourced and supported by Apple
• Replacing RubyCocoa
• Objects are peers with no translation layer
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Object
String
Number
Array
Hash
NSObject
NSMutableString
NSNumber
NSMutableArray
NSMutableDictionary
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Objects
Classes
Methods
Objective-C
Objective-C
Objective-C
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
>> s = “magicruby”=> “magicruby”
>> s.class=> String
>> s.class.ancestors=> [String,NSMutableString,NSString,Comparable,NSObject,Kernel]
>> s.upcase=> “MAGICRUBY”
>> s.uppercaseString=> “MAGICRUBY”
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
>> NSString.new(“magicruby”)=> “magicruby”
>> NSString.stringWithString(“magicruby”)=> “magicruby”
>> NSString.alloc.initWithString(“magicruby”)=> “magicruby”
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
>> a = []=> []
>> a.class=> Array
>> a.class.ancestors=> [Array,NSMutableArray,NSArray,Enumerable,NSObject,Kernel]
>> a << “MagicRuby”=> [“MagicRuby”]
MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
MacRuby vs Objective-C-(id) tableView:(NSTableView *)tableView objectValueForColumn:(NSTableColumn *)column row:(int)rowIndex { .. }
Saturday, February 5, 2011
MacRuby vs Objective-C-(id) tableView:(NSTableView *)tableView objectValueForColumn:(NSTableColumn *)column row:(int)rowIndex { .. }
def tableView(tableView objectValueForColumn:column
row:rowIndex)end
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Interface Builder Outlets & Actions
MacRuby vs Objective-C
!
Saturday, February 5, 2011
NSString *myString;@property(nonatomic,retain) IBOutlet NSString *myString;
attr_accessor :myString
Interface Builder Outlets
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# Interface
MacRuby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
def myAction(sender)...
end
Interface Builder Actions
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-(IBAction) myAction:(id)sender { ... }# Implementation
MacRuby vs Objective-C
Saturday, February 5, 2011
MacRuby - Gem Support
• sudo macgem install awesome_gem
• Not all gems supported right now
Saturday, February 5, 2011
MacRuby - Objective-C Frameworks & Libraries
• Libraries must have garbage collection support
• Libraries must be turned into bundles
• Frameworks can easily be included
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Any Ruby testing framework instantly becomes an Objective-C testing framework
• Test::Unit
• RSpec
• etc...
Testing MacRuby
Saturday, February 5, 2011
What tools will webe using?
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Xcode
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Interface Builder
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Instruments
Saturday, February 5, 2011
Let’s build a MacRuby app
Saturday, February 5, 2011
• Created by Rich Kilmer
• Ruby layer that sits on top of Cocoa, etc.
• Use Ruby to easily create user interfaces
• Used to be included with MacRuby
• Now available as a gem
HotCocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011
win = NSWindow.alloc.initWithContentRect([10,20,300,300], styleMask: (NSTitleWindowMask | NSCloseableWindowMask | NSMiniatureizableWindowMask | NSResizeableWindowMask)
win = window :frame => [10,20,300,300]
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HotCocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011
HotCocoa
sudo macgem install hotcocoa
hotcocoa NAME_OF_APP
Saturday, February 5, 2011
require ‘hotcocoa’
class Application include HotCocoa
def start application :name => "Hello" do |app| app.delegate = self window :frame => [500,500,200,100], :title => "Hello" do |win| win << label(:text => "Hello World",:layout => {:start => false}) win.will_close { exit } end end endend
Application.new.start
Hello World in HotCocoa
Saturday, February 5, 2011
http://macruby.orghttp://bit.ly/macruby-getting-started
http://bit.ly/macruby-exampleshttp://bit.ly/tdd-macruby
Questions?
MacRuby in Actionhttp://manning.com/lim
Saturday, February 5, 2011
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