developmental psychology chapter 3. conception the combination of the ovum and sperm each cell...

Developmental Developmental PsychologyPsychologyChapter 3Chapter 3

ConceptionConception

The combination of the ovum and spermThe combination of the ovum and sperm Each cell contains 23 pairs of Each cell contains 23 pairs of

chromosomes, except _____________chromosomes, except _____________ ZygoteZygote Twins – Monozygotic, DizygoticTwins – Monozygotic, Dizygotic Gender determinationGender determination DNADNA

GenotypesGenotypes

What are they?What are they? Simplest rule of genetic combinationSimplest rule of genetic combination

Dominant GenesDominant Genes Recessive GenesRecessive Genes

PolygenicPolygenic

Blood TypesBlood Types

AO BO

AB AO BO OO

PhenotypesPhenotypes

Definition: an individual’s Definition: an individual’s observable characteristics.observable characteristics.

PregnancyPregnancy

3 trimesters3 trimesters11stst 0 – 12 weeks 0 – 12 weeks22ndnd 12 – 24 weeks 12 – 24 weeks33rdrd 25 weeks to labor 25 weeks to labor

Prenatal DevelopmentPrenatal Development

3 stages of unequal length3 stages of unequal lengthDay 1 to week 3 – GERMINALDay 1 to week 3 – GERMINALWeeks 3 to 8 – EMBRYONICWeeks 3 to 8 – EMBRYONICWeeks 9 to 38 – FETALWeeks 9 to 38 – FETAL

Problems in DevelopmentProblems in Development Remember that most are rare or Remember that most are rare or

preventable.preventable. Genetic: PKU, Sickle Cell AneiaGenetic: PKU, Sickle Cell Aneia Sex or Gender Linked: Red/Green Sex or Gender Linked: Red/Green

Color Blindness (Men more likely to Color Blindness (Men more likely to experience).experience).

Chromosomal Errors: Down Chromosomal Errors: Down SyndromeSyndrome

TeratogensTeratogens

Other ProblemsOther Problems

DietDiet AgeAge Chronic IllnessChronic Illness Maternal IllnessMaternal Illness

Fetal AssessmentFetal Assessment

ChromosomalChromosomal AmniocentesisAmniocentesis

Growth DevelopmentGrowth Development UltrasoundUltrasound

Blood UrineBlood Urine Alpha-feta proteinAlpha-feta protein

FetoscopyFetoscopy

Birth ChoicesBirth Choices

AttendantsAttendantsDrugsDrugsLocationLocation

Physical Process of BirthPhysical Process of Birth

Stage 1Stage 1 DilationDilation EffacementEffacement

Stage 2Stage 2 Labor/ DeliveryLabor/ Delivery

Stage 3Stage 3 Delivery of the PlacentaDelivery of the Placenta

Assessment of the Assessment of the NeonateNeonate

Apgar Scale – p. 82Apgar Scale – p. 82 Effects of Low Birth WeightEffects of Low Birth Weight

Respiratory distressRespiratory distress Increased rates for long term health Increased rates for long term health

problemsproblems Decreased IQ scoresDecreased IQ scores More problems in schoolMore problems in school