dichotomous keys, phylogenic trees & cladograms
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Dichotomous Keys, Phylogenic Trees & Cladograms
DICHOTOMOUS KEY APPEARANCEBinomial Nomenclature
Genus species
ONE
NAME SETIDENTIFY
Acinonyx jubatus
MOSQUITO
STONEFLY
Phylogenic TreesHow to Read Phylogenic Trees
1. Tree shows ______________relationships and closely related organisms
2. The bottom of the tree is the _______________organism
3. Each branch represents _________species4. Branches within a branch represent a
closer ____________ancestor
EVOLUTIONARY
OLDESTNEW
COMMON
A
D, E and F
They are the closest together on the same branch
CladogramsHow to Read a Cladogram
1. Show _____________relationships and development of ___________common to different organisms
2. The bottom _______is the oldest evolutionarily
3. Each ___________mark represents the development of a trait – any organism above the tick mark ________the trait
4. Organisms ___________to each other are the most __________evolutionarily
EVOLUTIONARY
TRAITS
LEFT
TICK
HASCLOSEST
SIMILAR
MOUSE and CHIMP
Salamander, Lizard, Pigeon, Mouse, Chimp
Pigeon
Hagfish
CARNIVORA
HOUSE CAT & MOUNTAIN LION
HUMAN
Felis concolor
Genus Species
STARFLOWER
BOWMAN’S ROOT
COMMON STRAWBERRY
HAIR
ABILITY TO PURR
LEOPARD & DOMESTIC CAT
WOLF, LEOPARD, DOMESTIC CAT
GEOSPIZAPLATYSPIZA
CERTHIDEA
CAMARHYNCHUS
EAGLE
JOCANACOMMORANT
KINGFISHER
F
FFTF
TFT
T
F
FT
F
WINGS
C
6 LEGS
A
SEGMENTED BODY
G
DOUBLE SET OF WINGS
E
JUMPING LEGS
BH
D
CURLY ANTENNAE
CRUSHING MOUTHPARTS
LEGS
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Bubo virginianus
Phasianus colchteus
Classification Practice Stations
KINGDOM
SPECIES
GENUSSPECIES
Rana
pipiens
NO NucleusSmallerSimple
HAS NucleusLargerComplex
Cell A(Chloroplast & nuclear membrane)
Cell C(no nuclear membrane)
FUNGUS
PLANT
BACTERIA
PROTIST
ANIMAL
A
D, E and F
They are connected at a recent common ancestor off the main branch – same branch
Bacteria – bacteria have a branch dedicated to the evolution. Archaea branch is smaller and higher up the tree.
X
Animals and Fungi share the most recent common ancestor of the pairs of organisms listed.
CLAWS or NAILS
JAWS
Bacteria
Derived Characteristics or Traits
Nucleus orEukaryotic
MulticellularChloroplast
Cell Wall
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