dinesh r. bhuju chief, faculty of science nepal academy of science & technology...
Post on 16-Dec-2015
214 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Dinesh R. BHUJUChief, Faculty of Science
Nepal Academy of Science & Technology
_____________________________________________________
SPECIES RESPONSE TOCLIMATE CHANGE
IN HIGH ALTITUDESinitiative of a national organization
in the Himalayan discourse
• Establishment 1982• Autonomous &
Statutory• Role envisaged:
Think TankInnovatorCatalystFacilitator
Nepal Academy of Science & Technology
Advancing science and technology for all-round national development
MOU between NAST & EvK2CNR in 1988
Pyramid Lab. built in 1990
Features:Glass & Aluminium, 3-storied, Ht 8.4m, Alt. 5,050m asl
The Initiation
PYRAMID LABORATORY
The Activities
PYRAMID LABORATORY
Research Areas:i. Environment, ii. Biodiversity, iii. Earth Sc, iv. Medicine & Human Physiology, and v. Clean Technology
Missions conducted >500 involving143 scientific institutions from several nations.
NAST’s Initiatives
RESEARCH IN HIGH ALTITUDES
Anthropogenic Activities
Biodiversity Knowledge
Climate Change Impact
Climate Change Studies
MAJOR AREAS
Baseline Inventories1) Agrobiodiversity2) Mushroom diversity3) Herbaceous vegetation
Dendro-climatological Studies1) Reconstruction of env. history2) Relationship between temp. & vegetation shift
Baseline Inventories
AGRO-BIODIVERSITY
Study AreaNamche, Khumjung, Phortse, Dole, Luza, Fanga, Machermo, Gokyo, Tengboche, Debuche, Pangboche, Dingboche, Pheriche, Jorsalle, Monju and Phakdin (16 settlements)
MethodologyQuestionnaire survey, sample collection & analysis
Major FindingsUpper Limits (m asl)Staple crops: Barley 4,350; Buckwheat 3,930
Vegetables: Coriander 4,480, Radish/Turnip/Onion/Peas 4,359Cauliflower, Carrot 3,930
Potatoes 4,700 (Tarnak)
Ref. D Bhuju, A Giri, P Rana 2007
Baseline Inventories
AGRO-BIODIVERSITY
Baseline InventoriesMUSHROOM BIODIVERSITY
Study Area: SNP
MethodologyField visit, Collection & analysis
Major FindingsRichness 150 spp.Used locally 29 spp.Highest 3,500-4,000m asl
Ref. A Giri, P Rana 2006
Baseline InventoriesHERBACEOUS DIVERSITY
Study AreaImja Valley 3,400-4,650m asl
MethodologySampling, Collection, Analysis
Major FindingsRichness 180 spp, Location recorded, 32 spp in higher range than previously reported
Ref. E Paudel, D Bhuju, K Shrestha 2007
ObjectiveUnderstand the impact of climate change on the distribution of forest vegetation in the Himalaya
Methodology1. Set-up permanent plots2. Tree inventory3. Tree core collection & analysis
SiteTree-line
Climatic Impact
DENDRO-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDY
Climatic ImpactDENDROCHRONOLOGY
Trees are nature’s ultimate environmental monitoring stations, make annual rings
Dendrochronology, Method of scientific dating based on the analysis of tree-ring growth patterns
Tree rings are called proxy-climate indicators
BA (cm2/ha) DENSITY (n/ha)
SPECIESPanboch
eDebuch
ePanboch
eDebuch
e
Abies spectabilis 79059.2 68228.8 120 359
Betula utilis 27831.9 84990.3 204 149Sorbus microphylla 4785.0 15030.5 117 279
TOTAL 111862.1186107.
6 445 1034
MEAN DBH MAX DBH
SPECIESPanboch
eDebuch
ePanboch
eDebuch
e
Abies spectabilis 24.9 8.5 68 99
Betula utilis 11.6 24.0 40 63Sorbus microphylla 5.7 7.4 39 36TOTAL 13.6 10.4 68 99
Dendro-climatological Study
RESULT: FOREST STRUCTURE
____________________________________________________
Dendro-climatological Study
TREE CORE COLLECTION
Core CollectionAbies spectabilisJuniperus recurvaBetula utilis
Total About 300 from various sites
Preservation, Mounting & Sanding
Bell shaped, poor regeneration in recent yearsInverse J, accelerating recruitments in recent yearsAverage age:Panboche 64 yrs; Debuche 64 yrsMax. age: Panboche 147 yrs; Debuche 207 yrs
Dendro-climatological Study
TREE CORE ANALYSIS
Climatic Impact
DENDRO-LAB
Lab Facility: 1. Lin-Tab digital positioning table for tree-ring analysis2. Leica S4E stereo microscope3. LintabTm swing arm stand4. TSAP-Win Prof. software
Participating Institutions• Central Dept of Env Sc. Tribhuvan Univ.• Department of Plant Resources, GON• The Standard Nursery Pvt Ltd• Nepal Academy of Science & Technology• College for Applied Sciences• Dept. of Forest Research & Survey, GON• Dept of Hydrology & Meteorology, GON• National Trust for Nature Conservation• Dept. of National Parks & Wildlife Cons. • Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal• Madan Puraskar Guthi• Central Dept. of Botany, TU
Climatic Impact
DENDRO-TRAINING WORKSHOP
Date: 15-22 Jan 2008Total Participants: 18Resource Persons: Univ. of Padova
Climatic Impact
DENDRO-CLIMATOLOGICAL STUDIES Langtang National Park
NP Gaire, YB Dhakal, H Lekhak 2008; TUAbies spectabilis; Core: 210
Manaslu Conservation AreaM Suwal 2009 UIB-TU; Gaire & Bhuju 2010Abies spectabilis; Core: 148+
Manang (trans-Himalaya)KB Shrestha 2009; UIB, NorwayPinus roxburghii; Core: 133
Mustang (trans-Himalaya)E Udas; UG; Germany
Abies spectabilis; Core: 109 Kathmandu Valley
NP Gaire & DR Bhuju, NASTPinus roxburghii; Core 65
Climatic Impact
RESULTS: MANASLUThere was new recruitments of seedlings and saplings in tree-line ecotone. The species limit has advanced from 3,673m asl in 1958 to 3,841m asl in 2007 with a total of 168 m upslope shift at the average rate of 34.29 m per decade. The seedlings below tree-line have comparatively faster growth.______________________________
Ref. M. Suwal 2010
Abies spectabilis
Betula utilis
Transect 1
Transect 2
Transect 1
Transect 2
Species limit/line
3984 3955 3996 4003
Tree line
3907 3830 3996 4003
Preliminary result:upward migration of Abies spectabilis by >1m/yr
Ref. Gaire & Bhuju 2010
Climatic Impact
RESULTS: MANASLU
Climatic Impact
RESULTS: LANGTANG1. There was significant -ve
correlation between the tree growth & mean monthly min. temp. of Mar & Apr of the current year, Oct of the previous year, and mean of Mar-May temp. of the current year.
2. Though statistically insignificant, there was +ve correlation between ring width and mean monthly precipitation of the most of the months of current year and -ve correlation with previous year’ precipitation.
________________ Ref. NP Gaire 2008
Climatic Impact
RESULTS: MUSTANG
The positive response of temperature (previous Nov, current Feb-Mar-May) during the early and mid 20th century was either both discontinuous and showed no correlation with tree growth at later period (Feb-Mar) or it turned to be negatively associated with growth (previous Nov and current May). This recent change in sensitivity of tree growth and temperature variability was unclear. ____________________
Ref. E Udas 2010
top related