dip 22 smita karve endocrine final

ENDOCRINALOGY AND YOG

AMta:sta`avaI ga`MqaI AaiNa yaaoga

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2016/17

Control

And

Co Ordination

Nervous System

Endocrine System

Control And Co Ordination

GLANDS

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Exocrine

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Endocrine

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Types of GLANDS

Exocrine (çÆê³ççbkçÀ[í Hççínçí®ççÆJçuçç pççlççí

Ducts to carry their secretions to the organs ðççJç vççÆuçkçÀçbJççìí çÆJççÆMçä FbçÆê³ççbkçÀ[í Hççínçí®ççÆJçuçç pççlççí

Endocrine Gland vççÆuçkçÀççÆJçjçÆnlç

Hormones mçbÒçíjkçíÀ

Blood Stream jkçwlç

Target Organ FbçÆê³ç

Action of Endocrine (vççÆuçkçÀççÆJçjçÆnlç): Ductless

HormonesChemical

Messenger

Act on Target

Cell

Controlled By

Feedback

Fat / Water

Soluble

Very Imp Right Level

Characteristics of Hormones

It ranges from Pico gram up to few Micrograms in each ml of blood

Micrograms = One millionths of a gram

Pico gram = One millionth of one millionth of a gram

Blood concentration of Hormones is extremely small.

It is important Hormonal levels are neither too high nor too low.

•Norepinephrine

•EpinephrineImmediate Effect

•Thyroxine

•GHEffect After Long

Time

Effects Of HORMONES

HORMONES Affects Only Target Cells

Negative feed back – most of the time

Positive feed back

Cyclical variations – e.g. growth hormone in early period of sleep.

Feed Back Control

Positive Feed Back Control

Negative Feed Back Control

Cyclic Variation in Hormone Secretion

Effects of Negative and Positive Feed Back Control

HORMONES BALANCE EACH OTHER

Regulation By Endocrine system

.

Endocrine System Ata:sta`avaI ga`MqaI

• Healthy development of male sex organs

• Growth of facial and body hair

• Lowering of the voice

• Increase in height

• Increase in muscle mass

Testosterone: The Hormone of the Testes of Male

• .

FEMALE HORMONES: OVERIES

• Development of sexual characteristics

• Menstruation

• Pregnancy

Baby

PubertyPregnancy

Menopause

Stages of Changes Female Due Hormones

• Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) -

• Luteinizing Hormone (LH) -

• Estrogen -

• Progesterone -

• Testosterone - much lower levels.

FEMALE HORMONES

EFECTS OF FEMALE HORMONES DISBALANCE

Female Hormonal Disbalance

PCODDepression

OsteoporosisHeart

Diseases

Mood Disorders

Adrenal Glands ( Suprarenal glands)

Adrenal Gland

( Suprarenal glands)

Adrenal Gland /Supra Renal Gland

Adrenal Gland

Cortex

Affects Metabolism

Medulla

Defence Against Stress

Adrenalin Noradrenalin

Fight or Flight’ hormones

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Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Testosterone

Estrogen

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Aldosterone

Cortisol

• Corticosterone

Hormones secreted by Adrenal Gland

• Balance of sodium Potassium Level• Metabolism, • Changes Immune System • Reduces allergic reactions • Anti-inflammatory• Stress Response• Secondary sexual characters

Effects of Hormones secreted by Adrenal Gland

• Exocrine (digestive enzymes)

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• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans

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Pancreas svaaduipaMD

• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans vççÆuçkçÀççÆJçjçÆnlç

• 1.Insulin: Causes Glucose from blood to enter the cell

• Maintains Blood Sugar jkçwlçMçkç&Àjç

2.Glucagon: Blood Sugar Increase

by Increasing breakdown

of Sugar Storage in Liver

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Pancreas svaaduipaMD

Effective ASANA for Endocrine in Abdominal Cavity

Effective Mudra for Endocrine in Abdominal Cavity

• A specialized organ of the immune system.

• Responsible for production of T Lymphocytes

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Thymus Gland

Age Mass

birth about 15 grams

puberty about 35 grams

twenty-five

years25 grams

sixty years less than 15 grams

seventy years as low as 5 grams

• Most active during the neonatal and pre-adolescent periods.

• Shrinks After puberty

Thymus

One of the largest endocrine glands

• Butter-fly shaped

• Is in the front of the neck

• Has two lobes

Thyroid Gland

• Metabolism

• Calcium levels in the blood

• How the body makes proteins

• How sensitive the body is to other hormones.

The Thyroid gland controls

oThe thyroid gland uses iodine from the foods

oMain hormones secreted by Thyroid:

(1) Triiodothyronine (T3)

(2) Thyroxine (T4)

(3) Calcitonin

How the Thyroid Gland Works

• WEIGHT GAIN (WATER RETAINTION )• Trouble sleeping• Tiredness and fatigue• Difficulty concentrating• Dry skin and hair fall• Depression• Sensitivity to cold temperature• Frequent, heavy periods• Joint and muscle pain

Symptoms of too little T3 and T4 in your body (Hypothyroidism):

• Palpitation• Irritability or moodiness• Nervousness, hyperactivity• Sweating or sensitivity to high temperatures• Hand trembling (shaking)• Hair loss• Missed or light menstrual periods• Anxiety • WEIHT LOSS

Symptoms of too much T3 and T4 in your body (Hyperthyroidism):

• Present around the thyroid gland

• Produce the parathyroid hormone or PTH

Parathyroid Gland

Calcitonin From

Thyroid

PTH

Para Thyroid

Hormone

Maintain Blood

Calcium Level

Maintenance of Blood Calcium Level

Effective ASANA on THYROID

Effective Mudra on THYROID

The ‘master’ endocrine gland

About the size of a pea

The Pituitary Gland

The Pituitary Gland

Located at the base of the brain

1)The anterior (front) pituitary

( adenohypophysis)

2) The posterior (back) pituitary (neurohypophysis).

The Hypothalamus controls the production of hormones in both lobes.

Two Components of The Pituitary Gland

CortexAldosterone – sodium Potassium

Glucocorticoids-Metabolism, Depresses Immune System, Reduces allergic reactions, anti-inflammatoryTriCortexAldosterone – sodium Potassium

Glucocorticoids-Metabolism, Depresses Immune System, Reduces allergic reactions, anti-inflammatoryTriggered by HypothalamusStress Response

Gonadocorticoids – secondary ggered by HypothalamusStress Response

The Hypothalamus controls the production of hormones in both lobes.

Pituitary Gland

Anterior (Front)

SIX

HORMONES

Posterior (Back)

TWO HORMONES

Pituitary Gland : Secretes Eight hormones

Pit

uit

ary

Gla

nd

An

teri

or

(Fro

nt)

1) Growth Hormone

2) Luteinizing Hormone

4) Follicle stimulating Hormone

3) Prolactin Hormone

5) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

6) Thyroid stimulating Hormone

Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormone

2 Oxytocin

1 Antidiuretic HormonePituitary Gland

Posterior (Back)

Posterior Pituitary Gland Hormone

The Hypothalamus controls the production of hormones in both lobes OF Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Pituitary Gland

Endocrine Gland

Target Organ

Pituitary Gland Indirectly Affects Target Organ

Thyroid Releasing Hormone

Hypothalamus and the Pituitary maintain T3 and T4 Balance

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Hypothalamus and the Pituitary effect Adrenal Gland

Pineal Gland

Pineal Gland

• Plays extremely important role in neuroendocrine immune axis

• Secretion depends oncircadian rhythms ( BODY CLOCK) of body,

• Secrets Melatonin

Circadian CYCLE ( BODY CLOCK)

Actions of Melatonin

• Metabolic rate

• Antioxidant effect

• Immunity

• Important for sleep

Actions of Melatonin

Pineal Gland

Modern science up till now had considered it as vestigial or remnant of ‘third eye,

Now Accepting asThe Eye of revolutionary knowledge /Eye of illuminationeye

Effective ASANA on Asana in Head Region

Effects of Yogasadhana Pituitary, Pineal

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Eyebrow centreRelationship with ChakrasAll Yogic practices done with closed eyes- Melatonin secretion

Effects of Meditation

Endocrine Glands –Hormones-Target Organ

Chakras & Glands

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Cervical Plexus Thyroid Dçç%çç

Dçvççnlç Cardiac plexus Thymus

cççÆCçHçÓj Solar plexus Adrenal gland

mJççÆOçÿçvç Sacral plexus / Ovaries/ Testes

cçÓuççOççj Cervix and Perineum

Chakras & Glands

Importance Of Yama Niyama

Yama Purifies MindNiyamas

Self Evolution

Bhakti yoga Karmayoga

Counselling Dnyanyoga

MIND STABILITY

Other Yogic Ways For MIND PURIFICATION

Effects of ASANA

Effects of Mudra and Bandh

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• Direct impact of Mudras

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1. Mula Bandha2. Jalandhara Bandha3. Uddiyana Bandha4. Maha Mudra5. Maha Bandha6. Maha Vedha

7. Viparitakarani Mudra8. Khechari Mudra9. Vajroli Mudra10. Shakti Chalana Mudra

List of Mudra and Bandh in Hathayoga

Effects of Suryanamaskar

Effects of Suryanamaskar

Endocrinal Glands

Yama Niyam

Shuddihikriya

ASANA PRANAYAMAMUDRA BANDHA

YOGA

NIDRA

DHYAN

Effects of YOGA PRACTICE

• Increasing the field of Awareness through Yoga

• Inner knowledge of the body (non- intellectual)

• Indirect control on autonomous systems

Affects

Mind

EmotionsAutonomous

Nervous System

Para sympathetic

Sympathetic

Endocrine System

Hormones

EFFECT OF STRESS

Analysis

Yog Sadhana Decreases STRESS

...

Equanimity, Stability, Balance, Harmony, Equipoise

Yoga is

...Yoga Brings Over All Co Ordination and Harmony inBODY and MIND

HARI OM