dissatisfactions with the government under the articles …€¦ · dissatisfactions with the...
Post on 06-May-2018
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OPENING:
Watch Andy Griffith’s “Barney Remembers the
Preamble to the Constitution”
Barney Fife-TeacherTube
CLOSING:
•QUIZ
STANDARD: USHC 1.4-ANALYZE HOW DISSATISFACTIONS WITH THE GOVERNMENT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION WERE ADDRESSED WITH
THE WRITING OF THE CONSTITUTION OF 1787.
WORK PERIOD: •Constitution Lecture and
Notes •Activity
•Assessment •Repeat
How to Take Notes…
Standard 1.4 and 1.5 The Constitution
KEY TERM/ PHRASE
What does it mean? Why is it important?
KEY TERM/ PHRASE
What does it mean? Why is it important?
KEY TERM/ PHRASE
What does it mean? Why is it important?
CREATING A NEW GOVERNMENT
The most fundamental problem of the Confederation government was the lack of power to solve national problems.
They soon decided to create an entirely new Constitution instead of amending the Articles
“Compromise”
The Constitutional Convention
55 delegates
Representing 12 of the 13 states
Met in Philadelphia
May - September 1787
“FOUNDERS”
Rhode Island did not attend
Liked the weak Articles of Confederation
Who has Authority?
Authority to govern was granted by “We, the people” to the national government. (Remember, no taxation w/o representation!)
Mission
#1 Goal – FIX the Articles of Confederation.
Threw out the A of C
Started completely over
Compromise was the order of the day
Convention Ideas
Virginia Plan:
Representation by population
Bicameral legislature
2 Bodies
Executive elected by Congress
Could override state law
New Jersey Plan:
Representation by States
Unicameral legislature
1 Body
Weak executive
No independent judiciary
No power over states
GREAT COMPROMISE
After a deadlock that dragged on & on, Roger Sherman finally suggested the Great Compromise which satisfied both big & small states
Bicameral Congress with House of Reps based on population (VA Plan) and Senate based on one state = one vote (NJ Plan)
THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE
Next difficult issue: Slavery
Southern states wanted slaves included in the population figures used to determine Representatives
Northern states which had few slaves, disagreed
Compromise was to count each slave as 3/5ths of a person
DIVISION OF POWERS Next issue: Should the
National government or the states hold power? Who shall be sovereign?
Delegates choose to split power
Federalism system developed
Federal government had delegated, or enumerated powers (Coin, trade, war, etc.)
States had reserved powers (education)
Concurrent Powers-Shared between both
SEPARATION OF POWERS Check out pg 143 in your textbook for help!
Limits the power of the government.
Legislative Branch
Power to create laws
Reps in the House of Representatives directly elected by the voters.
Senators through indirect election.
Executive Branch
Power to carry out laws
Feared the uncontrolled will of the people so they created the electoral college for election of the president
Judicial Branch
Power to interpret the law
Feared the uncontrolled will of the people so they provided that justices of the Supreme Court should be nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate.
Assessment-Part I
Answer the following question on notebook paper.
Imagine you are a delegate from South Carolina at the Constitutional Convention. Which ideas do you think would work best for the new federal government, in light of your states’ needs, and why? Would you want to preserve states’ rights or expand federal power? Would you support the Great Compromise, or fight for the Virginia or New Jersey Plan? How would you react to the three-fifths compromise?
Ratification
ONLY 9 of 13 HAD TO RATIFY
Federalist
Supporters of the Constitution
Strong CENTRAL gov’t
*Federalist Papers – Explained the Framers’ intention
Helped people understand
Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison
Ratification
Anti-Federalist
Strict interpretation
Strong STATE gov’t
Will ratify ONLY if a Bill of Rights is promised
Belief in a Limited Government
The government must be controlled so that it cannot infringe upon the rights of the people.
Ultimate governing authority rested with voters (even though many still couldn’t vote)
Belief in a Limited Government
National government only has some powers while others are reserved to the states.
ADOPTION OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS
To satisfy the States-Rights advocates, a Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to guarantee individual rights
The Bill of Rights was ratified in December of 1791- three years after the Constitution was ratified
First Ten Amendments
Bill of Rights-1st 10 Amendments to the Constitution
Amendment Main Idea Specifics
1 Basic Freedoms Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
2 Self Protection Right to bear arms
3 Quartering Troops
Requires owner consent
4 Search and Seizure
Warrants and Probable Cause
5 Rights of the Accused
Jury, Due Process, and Confront accuser
Amendment Main Idea Specifics
6 Criminal Trials Speedy, Public, Impartial Jury, and Lawyer
7 Civil Trials Trial by Jury
8 Limits Fines and Punishments
Excessive Bail, Cruel and Unusual Punishment
9 Rights of the People
Cannot use your rights to harm others
10 Powers of the States and
People
Any powers not listed are RESERVED for states
Strengths of the Constitution National government could levy taxes.
Maintain an army to “Maintain domestic tranquility.”
Control interstate commerce.
Control currency.
Established branches of government.
Amendment by ¾ states instead of being unanimous.
OLDEST LIVING CONSTITUTION
The U.S. Constitution is the oldest written national constitution in the world
Elastic Clause key to flexibility
Also ability to change, or “amend” the Constitution helps preserve it
27 Amendments have been added
Activity-Part 2
Paste the Semantic map onto the left hand side of your notes and with a partner check all that apply.
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