dr john s. graham ulcc johng@nosc.ja

The UKLight Network

Dr John S. GrahamULCC

johng@nosc.ja.net

Bandwidth ‘Channels’• Large (1 Gb/s)• Point-to-Point• Connection-Oriented• Layer II switched• Uncontended• Persistent• Established Manually

Components

• Equipment– SDH & MSPP– Ethernet switching

• Circuits– National– International

• Co-location Facility

North WalesMAN

LeNSESWERN

Kentish MAN

NorMAN

YHMAN

EMMAN

EastNet

LMN

South WalesMAN

TVN

MidMAN

NorthernIreland

NNW C&NLMAN

Glasgow Edinburgh

Warrington Leeds

Reading London

Bristol Portsmouth

EaStMAN

UHI NetworkClydenet AbMAN

FaTMAN

Reading

WarringtonManchester

Cambridge

St Pancras

Imperial CollegeUCL

AmsterdamChicago

ULCC

GLIF World Satellite Image

GLIF Atlantic Satellite Image

Infrastructure – CoreDirector CI

• Up to 16 x STM-64 or 64 x STM-16

• 160 Gb/s non-blocking switching capacity

• Groom traffic down to individual VC-3

Infrastructure – MetroDirector K2

• Gigabit Ethernet:– 6 physical and 10 PoS ports– 8.5 G switching capacity– 2.5 G cross-connect capacity

• Fast Ethernet:– 24 physical and 4 PoS ports– 4.9 G switching capacity– 2.5 G cross-connect capacity

The UKLight-Controlled Layers

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Application

Physical

Regenerator

Multiplexer

Path

Fibre

WDM

SONET/SDH

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

SONET/SDH• SONET

– ANSI Standard– Deployed in North America– STS-1 = 51.840 Mb/s

• SDH– ITU-T Standard– Deployed throughout rest of world– STS-3c/VC-4 = 155.52 Mb/s

• Allows multiple independent logical circuits to be provisioned over one physical circuit:– 4 x VC-4-16c (2.4 Gb/s)– 16 x VC-4-4c (622 Mb/s)– 64 x VC-4 (155 Mb/s)– 192 x VC-3 (51 Mb/s)

• Time-slots are pre-allocated to the channels, rather than arbitrated on a per-time slot basis.

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

VC-4-64c (10 Gb/s)

Transporting Ethernet• Currently use non-standard

contiguous concatenation VC-4-8C (1244 Mb/s) per gigE channel.

• Maximum 8 gigE channels per STM-64• New technology soon:

– GFP-F– VCAT– LCAS

• Will allow 9 transatlantic gigE channels!

Bandwidth Categories

Bandwidth

Us

ers

gigEADSL

ΣA

ΣC

ΣB

Bandwidth

Us

ers

gigEADSL

ΣA

ΣC

ΣB

Routing is Not Mandatory!

• High bandwidth circuits are affordable.

• Router linecards are expensive and becoming more so.

• Optical = 10% Switching = 10% Routing

• High bandwidth, persistent circuits connecting a few sites require switching gear.

• Most switching should be Layer I.

How to Connect

• Circuit to UKLight PoP– UCL– Imperial College

• Over Routed Development Network– Manchester (temp)

• Co-Lo at ULCC

Circuits Currently Established

• UCL (HEP) – to Fermi National Accelarator

Laboratory– to UIC Co-Located Servers @ StarLight

• UCL (Chemistry) to TeraGrid• Manchester (HEP) to CERN