durham e-theses an edition and analysis of kitab qira'at

Durham E-Theses

An edition and analysis of Kitab Qira'at Abi 'Amr by

Al-Nakzawi.

El-Magboul, Abbas Mustafa

How to cite:

El-Magboul, Abbas Mustafa (1991) An edition and analysis of Kitab Qira'at Abi 'Amr by Al-Nakzawi.,Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1187/

Use policy

The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission orcharge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro�t purposes provided that:

• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source

• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses

• the full-text is not changed in any way

The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.

Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details.

Academic Support O�ce, Durham University, University O�ce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HPe-mail: e-theses.admin@dur.ac.uk Tel: +44 0191 334 6107

http://etheses.dur.ac.uk

The copyright of this thesis rests with the author.

No quotation from it should be published without r

his prior written consent and information derived

from it should be acknowledged.

AN EDITION AND ANALYSIS OF

KITAB QIRÄ'AT ABI `AMR

BY AL-NAKZAWI

(THE BOOK OF THE QUR'ÄN READING OF ABU `AMR IBN AL-`ALÄ' AL-BASRI

BY IMAM ABU MUHAMMAD 'ABDALLAH IBN MUHHAMMAD

AL-NAKZÄWI)

Abbas Mustafa El-Magboul

A Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Doctor of Philosophy

Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies

The University of Durham September 1991

Z1 ýý 1992

THESIS CONTAINS

TAPE CASSETTE

PLEASE CONTACT THE

UNIVERSITY IF YOU WISH TO SEE THIS MATERIAL.

"i "1... ' ".. {I'. ""3 ". ". F-", ". L /" r ;- "'... '... ý wý.:. :ý 1',.:: f_

"i ., ý.. .. . ". [ .. .a w`.,

L :1f,

ý=-! '1..... lr.. e,,, rý'}. º. a,.? f;: yºrý, -, "^ý

. _.. -, 7.. y, /. a. ýýi"a. r _zrir. eoY Sarý, "t ý. v Tý-. "'yr

" y;;;... ": s". "ý... "'n.. `+ý"7'}, "Lii'!. `'. Nýf\yl. ia: "i.: -" iý" i-. w "11s "ýý"ýý"y. ,e". g. " "4" w:.. i' "rV-Ywý: ".. "t.. t ý:,;. vý"" it 3'h

.iM ýiý ý j-i. ýý"'IY,

ý. %ý

- L'' ,,

+"= C"

"' Tý:

j _. K'..

.. "a 'ý

. L. 1]I,: cw i- .

'ý4ýy"L.

rý "-

j. v ,.

.L ý_ý1":. ',

iý .. . ýý, s.. IS äff, 'l: `f. : 'fs'. i; ý

[I, yý ±ý'.

'^ y".. '" af. r"-t

Lý`n. i

.. i" :t? , ýýý..

''"' "ý" ý i.

_, ý. , ý'ý -'b`

+:. R tý

: ý'. .y". >, ; "ý. 'ý'ý "ý ý"

Y.: -. ice.. . ýr. -.

".: i. "" `_l". "". +:;. ý.. "týTý"'a. Rtiý"%-i`ý"iir'k ý,

ýý +ý

"a 4J. .

"N ý.

"-ti'ý"ý ýa'J" ý7x; "' ýýý''"k "?

'q ý'-: '4 la ý.. -y

tC"w" S:, ', ýi.

n- 7't Jý"r..,. ýc"ý".

ýr+*""ý!;

TCý, >2°j. 'ý"': ý ý:

- ýaitý-i. t: *" '. ý''ý_

wý": ;- . ýý

aý. 'v. n....

r, 'ýý. ',. ýýi'.. ... "r' r,?

ý1. ý: "'`;

4ý; L:.

k : 1-! ý'

ý. "y-may

v .' ýý"

.` 'ýý ý ̀'

_:. " ý` .

`lserýr. ý... ý. ý-. "F

/ý'ý

' _ý 'i-?,

ý, t _,,

ý, '! '... r

: rs;.? . s: -e, ý.:: ° iývý't-. _. i i

4'e; _ý.

if `. ý};

! (. " t""ti +.

}, 'w± ýi ý'. i:: 7äi ýs

-Y* , _ý! "S'"7':

! a"'ýy ýýýaý^,: 1. ý.. ýi iT{ir. J". -+ ''ý'1

", 5. ý L. airwt ý"Y,.

aýYr. "! ":. " 'i': t.. +ý r. T'.; M. , a-ý . 1: . '1 yl-ýAS"- ,y

]F4F, 7:, . a"t''-"

ý": n ý' ýy "'T äý: "t.. ý'1" j, tý. '. " s" y. ,, t. i 'ti: i":,, '1, =üý: ". "

, ý""ý

- . it`ý: ý

iý_ 6: ý'ýý: 1,

n, tº. ý!. ýý'"id : aý. tr`%ýiv: iýý", t:. _ý.

` : ý' ',; " a: c _ 31

ý.! "ý" . (ý týe'"jýý"t "_ýý.. ý"_,

_ ''gi;

1- 00 pjo 'o 0

W_') Li J66

. rrr, riº. ý;. tvý. L�'c'/'.. ý"; ̀ "! r, -. "4,. ,!. ̂ 7: ý,

ý! ýý1ý,!, ýýý"ý ý"ý. ý ýýj ý-ý =t". 3: ß=mar s.

.ý -ýýý '+ ""..

:; 4ý., i f_a, ..: ,,... '/ ter` 1#/ ý`_ .+,:

ý/''. ý ýý. ý . ". - .. -

"a..,.,.. t ,aa. "f, - ! ". '-k.. i- r, -<t ...,,, _

"!; _. "! Ct'-e! -

__ wJ. ä, "`*', ýý; ý : "',

`x _, a'ý:

j'" ,.::...... ý

"' ý'"ý J_ ý'" ... "Hýi}' ý; ý ý ý" ̀'". K' `"+-:. '+a""ý, y-tip

. ';, " _ "+: ̀ti, ': ;

. ti 4: ýf+! ý j 'i;

'., l"', ý*' -tip

ýý . w'`"ýýZýýý

ýýN ýý?,.

""{. ý` "ý ý'r-ý.:, ° - r'' ýh'"

ýi". 'Lfyý, ý,.,. 'y:: iti,. i; k.. i_r. J""-+: "'+. ý, ý"; ""2-. i'b. I"

.: `. ý' ýT ""- ýy. ". ý x..

ýý 'ý'ý %-"r"ti <"-, ' ,. ". ', i......:, e- i.

r. %+yJa.. ý, ýa l:. t3 . +i , "+.

ý. . v,.: ::..:, ""L A" "t_ý;

-. -.: ý

"., a''' ýý". r%i" ýý! ýca,: ý. j,... "ý ", týý": "a __ a.: ---: - .. t

'? i'ýI ýIýý,:.,. . ý1 yý ýi "ý R"ýý. i "

fi'r': " '. I "ý°tý:: f-J",. lý. f: t, 'aý`rýt. nýý, c.

ý ý .. ; j, '__":.,.: ai

'ý""'.,

eýýý _ ý"" ýýyyiýiýýiýý}..

Zrý. ý., ý"ý. ä. ý1.: ý'ý: 'ýrr'ý. =.. yr'.: «ý'h; ý

ý: 'Jýý'ý . "'ý.. Aýý

lk 42; ý-J40

ýI: tl %"ýtr

. Stlý" 1ý'¢''. 1"ý

, a1. 'ý4+'-ý ýý+. y;,

ýY Jý

53, ý j.

ý. ; 's.

i4S, rr .. ý, `. i. f. ". t. KVG . ". ,i ý't r

.. '? o,: ''".

(ýý ["-

:_:; v : ",,. i. , i__ ;. i, ß. 4 -' '- t }?; _ .41

foý "'. - : '. ,, . %of4o . 00 l ýý '. "a .--f'. -*. *,

." "ý- -. --

4W 410

'or 00 o' U 00

00, wd 4- i_ "

Iý . 1J.. 00

7. .. -

Abstract

Abbas Mustafa El-Magboul: AN EDITION AND ANALYSIS OF

KITAB QIRA'AT AB1 `AMR BY AL-NAKZAWI (THE BOOK OF ME QUR'ÄN READING OF ABU 'AMR IBN AL-'ALBA' AL-BASRI BY IMAM ABU MUHAMMAD

'ABDALLAH IBN MUHAMMAD AL-NAKZAWn. A Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of,, Durham in September 1991.

The subject of this thesis is the preservation of a particular method of reading the Qur'än (girä'a or "Reading"), the Reading of Abd `Amr ibn

al-`A1ä' of Basra or girä'at Abi `Amr al-Basri, which dates from the first Muslim century. There are no published works in any language which deal comprehensively with this Reading. Considering that from at least

the eighth century of the Christian era through the nineteenth, this Reading was the dominant method of reading the Qur'an throughout the

central Muslim lands, this is a great lack, and the thesis aims to help

rectify this situation. The core of the thesis is a technical treatise about this particular girä a, written by the Imam Abü Muhammad `Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Nakzäwi in the seventh Muslim century. As the title indicates, the thesis provides a critical edition of the text of the treatise,

and a broad analysis of its transmission. The preservation, or transmission, of the Reading has three main aspects. First, its

preservation in physical book form, primarily this particular treatise. Second, the preservation of its sounds, i. e. a record of the main characteristics of the Reading. Third the method whereby, in Sudan at least, the Reading is passed down. These aspects are dealt with in turn in

the three sections of the thesis. An audio tape is attached as an appendix.

fi"Ayt yL5 4.;,. s. o J-1 LOU t4 tj,. 1r ; JS J+ -l WU 4JI . 4-IAv 4kß . LA j ýý UJI

J iI J. ai i ir; j JIL., Jl . LIyiI ý3Ja.. `JI i v: wg.; )I 4)I (o)Za.. olIj. 41WI, (1)ä, 4IJAiuJI. (r) L-lbrA(j. (Y)4dt' 1'

ýý. ý ý::. JýI w. s w. +, ts.,, YlýII �ýI . ý..; týll ýý. dºY(ý Lsj,: ll ,,,.,: ýý, xytýII ý't, ýº! I (y.. s. ý w3Jl ýI . (ý) 61 ., 11 I, allI ý.,. ".. ý. i L?. w: JI I ,u wuýl ýsý l_JI tjli: i Z031I JJ. JL. i'l 4a tl JI., ̀YU"16 plt&yl

"; t1 (S, S I6 . Ala. ONJ I

. cri '4 I.. º1o_) l.. I.; tyll 44 . . sue sly " rlS ý, ý HIS ,rI,

Yltr ý;, i, ýal l

U .. *. j W LI a. C) I, Y,. VI4111 r++ýý it ems. i. +.. 4, &,.: jý. t WA X16 ill... _JI

J iL I vº" le-

.. t: 1 L s, {,: JI J. a JL IA vi r , ý.. ýI JL. *, Zvi (T)

vtL3.. lL4, yyýlýi4 J1: 4 II Jl; i. 3.1S. 411 (i)

tit+.. 3 i1 i... 11 it pfli vi .A1. e...; (0)

Y. tJlýlcy üLinf w4e. f'j

., p. ü. tlLIEUit l; & :' Jtý" JIýJýi; ý. VI; yLy, eiUIýlSý: JL,. j ý. IoL

Thanks and Appreciation

ai t . --- 11 1

4ýýii i Jk-. i zpý, J1J, Z L. t uL

I would like to offer my thanks and appreciation to eminent men whose assistance played a significant role in completing this study. In particular, I would like to give my special thanks to Professor Adrian Brockett, Chairman of the Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, Professor of Arab and Islamic Studies in Durham University, and the supervisor of this study; in whom I have found deep thoughts, variety of knowledge, skilfull methods of research coupled with humbleness, kindness and patience. He gave me a lot of his time and efforts. From his opinions, discussions and directions I drew great benefit.

Also, I offer my sincere and heartfelt thanks to my dear friend Dr. Ahmad Tutunji, who works alone yet achieves more than organisations with hundreds of workers. He has offered me much financial and spiritual support enabling me to continue my study.

My thanks go to my respected friend Shaykh A1-Tayyib Ibn al- Jadd Badr for the valuable information he supplied, and also to Dr. Muhammad Hasan a1-Turäbi who introduced me to Professor Brockett and helped me through difficulties. I also extend sincere thanks to Dr. `Ali `Abdullah, Dr. Zia` M. Islim, and to Durham University.

Finally, I thank the youth at `Umar House, Leeds, management, members and visitors, for their respect and appreciation, which helped me to settle comfortably and to carry out my duties and to finish. my study. To these men and to everyone who helped me I offer my warm thanks.

Table of Contents

Terms and conventions

Introduction

§1 Written transmission

. 1.1. The need for the study

1.2 The reasons for selecting the manuscript

1.3 The description of the manuscript

1.4. The contents of the manuscript

1.5. The transmission

1.6. The Meccan and Medinan suras

-- and the numbering of the verses

§2 Oral transmission

2.1. The distinguishing characteristics

of girä'at Abi `Amr

2.2 The audio tape (appendix)

§3 Institutional transmission

3.1. The khalwa

1.7. The edition of the manuscript'

Endnotes

Bibliography

TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

Glossary of main technical terms

al-idghäm al-kabir

al-idgham al-sagh r

al-imäla al-kubra

al-imäla al-sugra

farsh al-hurüf 'isnäd khalwa, p1. khaläwi gäri', p1. qurra' girä'a, p1. gira'at riwäya räwi, pl. ruwät tiläwa al-usül

major assimilation, eg. gärrajul for gäla rajul minor assimilation, eg. mirrabbikum formin rabbikum major inclination,

eg. al-nays foral-näs minor inclination,

eg. al-dunye foral-dunyd individual cases (as opposed to al-usül) chain of transmission -

residential Sudanese Qur'an school Reader/s Reading/s or reading/s' transmission transmitter transmission of the Qur'an sound general principles (as opposed to farsh)

Transliteration scheme

The scheme is that used by the Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd.

edition, with the following differences.

" alif-läm is always al- "j stands for j; m " th, kh, dh, sh, gh for thä', kh if, dhäl, shin and ghayn are

not underlined or overlined "q stands for qäf

Dates are A. H. unless specified A. D. If cited as 8th. /14th. = A. H. /A. D.

'A capital R signifies the whole method, a small r an individual word or phrase.

ýýý -ý ý� ý ý-

ýý> ýýý

INTRODUCTION

The subject of this thesis is the preservation of a particular method

of reading the Qur'in (gira'a or "Reading"), the Reading of Abü

`Amr ibn al-`A1ä' of Basra or gira'ät Abi 'Amr al-Basri, which dates

from the first Muslim century.

There are no published works in any language devoted to this

Reading. Considering that from at least the eighth century of the

Christian era through the nineteenth, this Reading was the dominant

ethod -of -reading -the-Qur'an-throughout the central Muslim lands,

this is a great lack, and the thesis aims to help rectify this situation.

The core of the thesis is a technical treatise about this particular

qir fa, written by the Imam Abü Muhammad `Abdallah ibn

Muhammad al-Nakzäwi in the seventh Muslim century

(henceforward called simply al-Nakzäwi). As the title indicates, the

thesis provides a critical edition of the text of the treatise, and a

broad analysis of its transmission. For convenience, the edition

comes last.

The preservation, or transmission, of the Reading has three main

aspects.

- First, its preservation in physical book form, primarily this

particular treatise.

- Second, the preservation of its sounds, i. e. a record of the

main characteristics of the Reading.

- Third the method whereby, in Sudan at least, the Reading is

passed down.

These aspects are dealt with in turn in the three sections of this

thesis:

§1 Written transmission

2-Oral transmission

§3 Institutional transmission

Under §1 come:

1.1. The need for the study

1.2 The reasons for selecting the manuscript

1.3 The description of the manuscript

1.4. The contents of the manuscript

1.5. The transmitters.

1.6. The Meccan and Medinan sums

and the numbering of the verses.

1.7. The edition of the manuscript (placed after §3)

Under §2 come:

2.1. The distinguishing characteristics of girä'at Abiý'Amr.

2.2 The audio tape (appendix)

Under §3 comes:

3.1. The khalwa.

§1. WRITTEN TRANSMISSION

§1.1. The need for this study

Since at least the second century A. H. it was a tradition that

compilers of Books of Readings included a large number of

Readings in their works. Some authors wrote books on the seven

Readings and some wrote on the ten, and others increased this by

including irregularities shawädhdh . This applies to the author of

Al-Sab' fir al-girä'ät, Abu Bakr Ibn Mujähid, to Abü `Amr a1-Däni,

to Al-Shätibi, to Makki ibn Abi Talib and likewise to our author

al-Nakzäwi. Ibn al-Jazari mentioned that he wrote a

comprehensive book on Readings. 1 Most scholars like these

produced comprehensive compilations of Readings. But in order

to make it easy for non-specialists some scholars of Readings

singled out some Readings and compiled independent books for

every Reader with an outline of the principles followed in his

Reading. Among those who wrote such independent books on

Readings is a1-Nakzäwi, who wrote one on the Reading of Abb

`Amr Ibn al-`A1ä' al-Basri.

There are three Readings current in the Muslim world, those of

I Ghaya, vol. 1 p. 452. 5

`Asim as transmitted through Hafs, of Näfi` as transmitted through

Warsh and Qilnn, and of Abi `Amr as transmitted through Abü

`Umar al-Din. The first two are widespread in the Muslim world2

and have been printed and recorded on audio tape, but very little

work has been done in the West on the Reading of Abü `Amr. 3

Apart from small areas in Mauritania, Somalia and Ethiopia, this

Reading is now confined to the Sudan, where I memorised the

Qur'än according to this Reading from childhood. There is

therefore a great need to fill this gap in knowledge, and I am well

placed to fill it. Furthermore, much of, the knowledge is

disappearing in the, Sudan itself, and should be recorded before it

is too late.

The Reading of Abü `Amr al-Bash is no longer known on the

level of thousands of people because their Qur'än is still written

by hand and the handwritten Qur'än is more costly and difficult to

obtain. As a result most Qur'an Readers of the Reading of Abü

`Amr through al-DBr now possess printed Qur'än copies of the

Reading of `Asim through Hafs. This has led to the conflation of

the two Readings. Furthermore, the knowledge of Readings is an

oral skill. It is a knowledge that depends on direct hearing from

Shaykhs, through words and voice of definite distinction that can

only be heard from special scholars who have trained their

2A special study of them is to be found in Brockest, Two transmissions, and "The value of the Hafs and Warsh transmissions". 3 Since Jeffery's brief mention (p. 6 n. 6), the only studies that have gone into any depth are Neuwirth and Brockett "Aspects".

tongues to be exact in this science. This science has been badly

neglected because most scholars avoid the science of Readings,

because it cannot contain language or sound mistakes. It is not an

exaggeration to say that 90% of graduates in Islamic 'Studies, not

to speak of the others, cannot properly read short chapters from

the Qur'an. The learned Shaykh Yiisuf Ibrähim al-Nür (one of the

first graduates of al-Ma'had al-`Ilmi in Omdurman) expressed his

sorrow over the negligence of this knowledge after it had been

famous in the Sudan as it used to be in the Hijaz 4 He pointed out

how conditions have deteriorated since the last century and

Qur'änic science in the Sudan has become a thing of the past, and

how there is no one now in the Arabian Peninsula who has a

thorough understanding of the Qur'än except for a few individuals

who met Al-Sharif Muhammad al-Amin, the last famous Qur'än

Reader in the Arabian Peninsula. Yiisuf Ibrähim al-Nür criticised

the al-Ma'had al-'IlmT in Omdurman which has neglected this

knowledge completely. It is not within its syllabus. Within its

three certificates, primary, secondary and University, there is no

mention of Qur'änic science; and no study circle to deal with this

knowledge such that with the death of scholars like Al-Shaykh al-

Nadhir Khälid, Al-Shaykh Muhammad al-Amin al-Darir it has

disintegrated, - and the Institute has not redressed this

shortcoming.

4 "Safha min tä'rikh al-Südän al-gadim".

Yüsuf Ibrahim al-Nür complained about the negligence of the

scholars towards Qur'änic sciences, but the complaint now is that

today's scholars have neglected and become ignorant even of the

Qur än text itself. So a student of the Reading of Abu `Amr must

be attentive firstly to restoring sound foundations for it. This can

be assisted by publishing an authentic book which lays down the

principles, and at the same time observes the different stages of

recitation that will earn the scholar his objective. Beginners r will

also clearly benefit. The student of Readings will find it easy to

view every reading independently instead of taking it from a

book that discusses various Readings.

There is clearly therefore a need for such a book, but why did our

choice -fäll ön-the -b6bk of the Reading of Abü `Amr by al-Nakzäwi

rather than another manuscript of this Reading?

§1.2. Reasons for choosing the manuscript.

I- The author is famed as a scholar with sound knowledge in

Qur'anic Sciences. He wrote other books that have been praised

by other prominent scholars.

2- The period in which the book was compiled was one in

which the Qur'änic Sciences increased in quantity and quality.

The author was a student of Abu Qäsim al-Shätibi, like Al-

Sakhäwi, Al-Kamäl al-Darir and Al-Safräwi.

3- The book is neatly structured and clearly written.

4- It contains all that the student may need regarding the

principles of Reading. It summarizes without a loss in meaning.

5- The book is of a moderate size which makes for a handy

reference for scholars.

6-I have consulted many other works on the Reading of Abu-

`Amr, by -going through indices of manuscripts or reading

microfilms on travels I_ have undertaken for this purpose. I read

through a manuscript in al-Zahiriyah Library in Damascus under

the heading Qira'ai, for instance. I found that it contained

discussions about the Readings generally rather than specifically

the Reading of Al-Basri. Another manuscript I consulted in Dar

al-Kutub al-Misriyya called Al-Qutr al-Misri was discovered to be

of far later compilation than Al-Nakzawi's book, as it was written

in the ninth century A. D. A third, anonymous, manuscript I

consulted was the Reading of , AH `Amr Ibn al-`Alä' al-Basri in a

photographed version from the Islamic University of Imam

Muhammad Ibn Sa`üd, in Riyadh, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A

fourth was a manuscript entitled `Alam al-Nusrah in Ribat, but the

author `Abd al-Rahmän ibn ab-1 al-Qäsim commented principally

on the language structure while neglecting other topics. A fifth

manuscript I studied was obtained from Italy, but it omitted the

transmission of al-Süsi, the second transmitter of the Reading of

Abi `Amr al-Bash A sixth manuscript I consulted was entitled

Jamal al-Qurrä' by al-Sakhäwi, and there were others. All these

manuscripts were found unsuitable either because of the quality

or because of the lack of knowledge of the author, or, because they

did not embrace the subject completely. They were however

beneficial as references.

7- There is an excellent copy of al-Nakzäwi's book in the

Library of Faydallah -attached to the Library of Millat in Istanbul

in Turkey under Number 213.

8 - It has the stamp of Al-Janäb al-`Ali, indicating the attention

of the Sultan.

9- The Arab World League paid attention to it in the

Introduction to the Institute of Reviving Manuscripts in

22/2/1949.1 met the Director of this Institute in Cairo; he told..

me that the Institute does not copy or sell a manuscript unless it

has educational value, and its correctness has been confirmed by

the expertise of the Institute.

10 - The book was used extensively by Dr. `Abd al-Sabür Shähin,

a famous teacher of Arabic and Islamic Studies at the College of

Dar al-'Ulum in Cairo University in his book The Effect of

Readings in Sounds and Arabic Grammar. This is significant

testimony from a prominent scholar in this field.

11 -I compared the content of a1-Nakzäwi's work with

manuscripts and their references to various topics. For example I

compared makhärij al-hurüf and al-'idghäm al-kabir in the

manuscript with what is mentioned in Kitab al-idgham al-kablir of

-the . Al-Däni -(in -manuscript) and in - Kitab Sibawayh .I did the

same with other chapters like those on the 'isnäd, their histories,

'imälä, waqf, the Meccan and Medinan verses, hamza with sukün,

etc. I seldom found poor or irregular information in the

manuscript of al-Nakzawi, with the exception of certain errors

which have been pointed out in the edition. These are copyist's

spelling mistakes due to lack of revision or copyists' ignorance of

the Reading of Abü `Amr.

12. The accuracy of this work by al-Nakzäwi has continually

proved itself during the study of it. Its information tallies

entirely with the Reading I was taught as a child (and continue to

use daily) and which has passed down from teacher to student,

not just from the time of a1-Nakzäwi to today, but from the time

of Abü `Amr to Al-Nakzawi. It can be said for certain that the

contents of this manuscript are a faithful and near perfect account

of the Reading of Abü `Amr ibn al-`A1ä' al-Basri.

§1.3 Description of the manuscript.

The manuscript is a work in the science of Qur'änic Readings. Its

title is "The Reading (girä'a ) according to abü `Amr ibn al-`A1ä' al-

Basri reported by abu `Umar Hafs al-Düri and abu Shu'ayb Salih

al-Süsi". The author is Imam abii Muhammad `Abdullah ibn ., r

--Muhammad Ibn -`Abdullah al-Nakzawi al-Iskandari, born 614 and

died 683 (1217-1284 A. D. )

The manuscript was therefore written between about 640 and

680, i. e. in the second half of the 13 th. century A. D., probably in

Egypt. There is a frontispiece in Mamluk style. It is written on

paper in a fine 'Naskh' hand dating from the 8th. /14th. century,

with the opening page in illuminated letters. There are no glosses

or marginalia. The original manuscript is kept in Fayd Allah's

Library in Turkey under reference number 213/1/79. A

photocopy of the manuscript is kept in the Institute of

Manuscripts of the Arab League at Cairo and it has 80 leaves, size

18x27cm.

§1.4 Contents of the manuscript

(i) The Introduction.

(ii) Transmission from the Prophet of both the types:

and riwaya.

(iii) Transmission of the riwaya of al-Düri.

(iv) Transmission of the riwaya of al-Sysi.

(v) Phonetics.

(vi) Al-idghäm al-kabir.

(vii) Madda.

(viii) Vowelless hamza.

(ix) Conjunction of two hamzas.

(x) Al-ldghäm al-saghir.

(xi) Dhal as in "idh".

(xii) Tä' of the feminine.

(xiii) Dal as in " qad".

(xiv) Hal and bal.

(xv) Vowelless nun and tanwin.

tiläwa

(xvi) Vowelled to vowelless.

(xvii) Al imäla.

(xviii) Alimala al-saghira.

(xix) Weakening and strengthening of sounds.

(xx) Pause at the end of words.

(xxi) Pause at the end of words as written.

(xxii) Possessive ya' . (xxiii) Apocopated ya' .

The above topics are detailed in the first part of the manuscript

individually and explained in separate chapters. The author then

enters the chapters of the Qur'an (starting from Sürat al-Fätiha

(1), ending with Surat al-Nas (114)) and discusses all the places of

the difference of opinion of Readers in order to explain the girä'a

f-Ab i- Amr-without-mentioning the names of the other Readers

who differed with him. This is done, as the author explained in

the introduction of the manuscript, for the sake of brevity.

The method of presentation of the author is to start by mentioning

the name of the süra then to explain whether it is Makkan or

Medinan and state the number of its verses then to point to the

Qur'anic words as read by al-Basri. At the end of the sura

indication is made to ya'ät al-idäfa (1st person possessive

suffixes) whether Abü `Amr read them with fatha or with sukün,

or committed them or omitted' them (deleted them in his girä'a),

or differentiated between waqf and wasl. This discussion always

comes to an end with the mention of 'idgham

occurring in the

sura whether al-idgham al-kabir or al-idgham al-saghir.

The above methodology was followed by all the Readers. One

point of difference is the presentation of al-idghäm al-kabir,

which is especially attributed to Abü `Amr ibn al-`A1ä' al-Basrf

among the ten prominent Readers. Others did not mention it. "As

for the ruwit (of al-idgham al-kabir), the fam ous one, from among

the ten Readers and the one to whom it is attributed, and the one

who specialized in it, is Abü `Amr ibn al-`Alä'. However he is not

alone in that, for al-idghäm al-kabir was also reported from al- r

Hasan al-Basri, ibn Muhaysin and al-A`mash etc. "s

Ibn al-Jazari then explained that the scholars of gira'a have

different ways of reporting al-idghäm al-kabir. Some scholars

omitted it altogether, like Abi `Ubayd in his Kitäb, and ibn

Mujähid in his Saba, and Makki in his Tabsira. He also explained

that some of the scholars (mostly Iraqis) have provided its one

interpretaion reporting it from Abü `Amr by 'isnäd. Some of the

scholars, like Abi Ma'shar al-Tabari in his Talkhis, and Safräwi in

his' 7'län, attributed it to al-Duri and al-Süsi and some, like the

Ibn a]-Jazari, al-Nashr, vol. 1 p. 275. 15

author of al-Taysir and his Shaykh Abu al-Hasan Tahir ibn

Ghalbün and al-Shätibi etc. attributed it to al-Süsi only. While

some other scholars, as like the author of al-Tajrid, and Maliki in

his al-Rawda did not attribute it to al-Süsi or a1-Duri, but to the

followers of al-Yazidi, and to the followers of Shuja' via Abn `Amr.

These different attributions were of course made after considering

the riwäya and sanad for each of them. The present Sudan as well

as the ancient Sudan however never recited with al-idghäm al-

kabir. In this decision they are influenced by al-Taysir and al-

Shajibiyya. Also because the Sudanese riwaya of the girä'a of

Abü `Amr is the riwäya of al-Düri and not of al-Susi.

§1.5 The names of the transmitters

Al-Nakzäwi mentions the names of forty-seven persons in his

chapter on the isnäd. All these names have been examined in the

light of the information provided in the most reliable biographical

works, notably Ghayat al-Nihäya by Ibn al-Jazari, and are set out

in what follows. Preceding that, as a supplement to Al-Nakzäwi's

chapter, brief biographical notes regarding Abü `Amr al-Basri, Al-

Yazidi, Al-Dori, Al-Süsi and Al-Nakzäwi are provided. This is

because they are the most important figures in the transmission

under -investigation, and need to be highlighted. The notes are

brief because they are fully documented in print elsewhere.

ABU `AMR IBN AL-`ALA

Abü Àmr Zabbän ibn al-À1ä ibn Àmmär ibn al-Ùryin al-

Tamimi a1-Mäzini al-Basri was one of the "seven Readers"7 of the

Qur'in. He was probably born in Mecca in a 68, but there is a

controversy over the precise date of his birth. He studied the way

of reciting the Qur'än in Mecca, Madina, al-Kufa and al-Basra. His

teachers were 'Anas ibn Malik, Al-Hasan al-Basri, Said ibn

Jubayr, `Asim ibn Abi al-Nujud, `Abdullah ibn Kathir al-Makki, 'Ikrima

and Mujahid ibn Jabr. His students were Yahya ibn al-

Mubarak al-Yazidi, Yunus ibn Habib and Sibawayh .

Abu' __Amr was the most outstanding scholar of his time in the

sciences of the Qur'än and Arabic language. Al-Asma`i8 said that

Abü `Amr told him, "I have learned a lot of things with regard to

the Qur'änic sciences that Al-A`mash would never have been able

to carry if I wrote them on paper. "9 A1-Asma`i added that he

knew of no man who surpassed Abü `Amr in knowledge.

6 E12 s. v. 7 Jeffery; Gilliot. 8 The famous grammarian. E12 s. v. 9 A1-A`mash was one of the fourteen Readers. (E12 s. v. )

According to Al-Akhfash, 10 the great Al-Hasan al-Basri passed by

Abu `Amr's halaqa (teaching circle) where a lot of people were

listening to him, and said: "There is no God but Allah - scholars

have almost become gods ('arbab) and all glory unsupported by

knowledge will vanish. "11 He died between 154 and 158.

AL-YAZIDI

Al -Imam Abu Muhammad Yahya ibn al-Mubärak ibn al-Mughira

al Adawi I al-Basri, commonly known as Al-Yazidi. He was one of

the "fourteen Readers" 12 of the Qur'an. He learned the rules of

Qur'anic Readings under the supervision of Abu `Amr al-Basri and

subsequently became his caliph, i. e. he deputised for him. Abu

`Umar al-Duri and Abu Shu'ayb al-Süsi (the transmitters of Abu

`Amr's Reading) were among Al-Yazidi's students.

Ibn Mujahid13 said, "We (meaning himself along with others) rely

on Al-Yazidi's transmission, since he devoted himself solely to

Abu `Amr's Reading and was the closest of Abu `Amy's followers.

A1-Dhahabi14 said that Al-Yazidi was a reliable and eloquent

10 The famous grammarian. 11 Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol ii p. 288f. 12 i. e. in the third rank of Readers, after the "seven" and the "ten".

13 Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol ii p. 370. 14 ibid.

18 -ý°ý

scholar who possessed enormous information about the Arabic

language. It has been said that Al-YazTdi wrote ten thousand

papers about Abu `Amr's work. A number of Al-Yazidi's works

have been recorded15 of which are: Kitab al-Nawädir, Kitab al-

Magsur, Kitab al-Mushkil and a book on Arabic grammar. In

addition Al-Yazidi composed good quality poems. He died in a

AL-DURI

Abu Ùmar Hafs ibn Ùmar ibn Àbd al-Àziz ibn Sahban al-Duri

a1-Azdi al-Baghdädi al-Nahwi was the chief of the readers of the

Qur'an of his time. He was a reliable and trustworthy reciter, and

he was the first person who wrote a book on the Readings. Al-

Dur, the place after which he was named, was located on the

eastern side of Baghdad. He studied and taught in Baghdad. Al-

Duri was the student of Al-Yazidi, Ismail ibn Ja'far, Salim al-Kisai

and Abu Bakr ibn `Asim. Among his students were: Ahmad ibn

Farah al-Mufassir, `Abd al-Rahman ibn `Abdus. ' It is also known

that Ahmad ibn Hanbal narrated information about Al-Düri. He

died in 24616

15 Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol ii p. 370. '" Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol i p. 255; al-Baghdadi vol. 8, p. 203.

AL-SUSI

Abu Shu'ayb Sä1ih ibn Ziyäd ibn `Abdallah ibn Ismä`il al-Rasti

al-Susi al-Raqqi was a reliable and precise reader of the Qur'an,

and the second of Abu `Amy's narrators. He was one of the closest

companions to Al-Yazidi who taught him the rules of the Qur'an.

He studied and taught in Baghdad. His son Abü al-Masnm

Muhammad and Musa ibn Jarir were some of his students. He

died in 261. "

AL-NAKZAWI

Abu Muhammad `Abdallah ibn Muhammad ibn `Abdallah ibn

`Umar ibn Abi Zayd al-Qädi Win al-Din al-Nakzäwi al-Madani al-

' Iskandari al-Ansari. 18 He was born in Alexandria in a 614/ 1217

and died there in a 683/1284. He was taught in Egypt by the

following teachers: `Ali al-Safriwi, Abü al-'Abbas al-Marjäni, Abn

`Ali al-Qabisi, Al-Kamäl al-Darir and Ibn al-Hajib. He was also

taught in Damascus under the supervision of 'Ali al-Sakhawi. The

most outstanding of Al-Nakzäwi's students were `Ali ibn `Abd al-

Rahman al-Qurashi al-Maliki al-Iskandari (d. a 730) and Ahmad

ibn 'Ali, well known as Al-Safi al-Harazi (d. a 730).

" Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol ii p. 331. 18 Ibn al-Jazari, Ghaya vol i p. 411; Brockelmann, SI 729 §17.

His works: Al-Shämil fi~al-girä'ät al-sab' exists in manuscript, 19

but is not yet located. Al-'igtidä' fir ma'rifat al-wagf wa al-'ibtidä'

I consulted in the library of Al-Azhar in Cairo. Another copy is

available in the University of Al-Zaytüna in Tünis. 20 It is being

edited by two men in Cairo. In addition to these A1-Nakzäwi

wrote Kitab Qira'at Abi 'Amr, which is the subject of this study.

Having mentioned A1-Nakzäwi's biography Al-Dhahabi said that

Al-Nakzäwi wrote a book about the Readings of the Qur'än. 21 He

added that he was a leading teacher who taught many people the

way of reading the Qur'än. Ibn al-Jazari said that Al-Nakzäwi was

a knowledgeable, leading and perfect reciter who composed A l-

Shämil fial-Qirä'at al-Sab'. 22 Al-Si 'üti acknowledges that he has

made use of Al-Nakzäwi's works when composing Al-Itgän fi

`Ulüm al-Qur'an. 23 Al-Nakzäwi's biography is also to be found in

the books of Ibn Hajar, 24 A1"Zirikli25 and Brockelmann. 26

19 Brockelmann, SI 729. 20 Brockelmann, S1 729. 21 Ma`rifa vol ii p. 545. 22 Ghaya vol i p. 411. 23 ltgan vol. 1 p. 21 24 Lisan vol i p. 325. 25 vol. 4 p. 270.

26 Brockelmann, S1 729. 21

Following is the sanad of al-Nakzäwi of the girä'a of abn `Amr

transmitted according to two riwäyäs, the riw'aya of Abn `Amr

Hafs ibn `Umar al-Düri and the riwäyä of Abü Shu'ayb Salih ibn

Ziyäd al-Süsi. These riwayas are narrated, both riwäyatan and

tiiawätan (according to the transmitters and the content) with an

explanation of why there are multiple sanads.

Sanad 1 of the riwaya.

1. The author

2. Al-Sharif Najm al-Din abu `Amr `Uthman ibn al-Shaykh al-

Sharif al-Hasan27 (d. 634).

3. Abu `Abdullah Muhammad ibn Said ibn Zarqun a1_Ishbili.

He transmitted the gira'a from Abu `Abdullah Ahmad ibn

Muhammad ibn `Abdullah al-Khawläni. (d. 586)28.

4. Abu `Abdullah Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn `Abdullah al-

Khawlini. Ibn Zargi n read with him. He also read with al-Däni

(d. 508)29.

5. Al Imäm al-Hafiz abn `Amr `Uthmän al-Däni, the author of

al-Taysir (271-444).

27 See Ibn Kathir a1-Bidäya vol. 13, p. 146. 28 ibid. , p. 142. 29 ibid. , p. 121.

Sanad2 of the riwaya

1. The author.

2. Al-Sharif Najm al-Din abü `Amr `Uthnian ibn al-Shaykh al-

Sharif abi Hasan.

3. Abu Bakr ibn Khattab ibn Abi Jamra/Muhammad ibn

Ahmad ibn `Abd al-Malik ibn Musa ibn Abi Jamra abn Bakr al-

Maräsi, the gadi of Marsiya (508-599). He read with his father 30

4. Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn `Abd al-Malik ibn Musa ibn Abi Jamra

Abu al-Qasim al-Maräsi (dates unknown). He transmitted al-

Taysir from al-Däni and was the last person to talk about him 31

5. Al-imam al-Hafiz abü `Amr `Uthman al-Däni.

Sanad3 of the riwäyäh

1. The author. r

2. Àlam al-Din Abu'l-Hasan Àli ibn Muhammad ibn Àbd al-

Saurad al-Sakhäwi (born at Sakha in Egypt, died 642). 32 He read

with al-Shätibi The author of the manuscript al-Nakzawi read

with him.

3. A1Imäm al-Shätibi, Abu Muhammad Qasim ibn Firäh abu

al-Qäsim al-Shatibi (born at al-Shatiba in Andalus in 522 and died

30 ibid. , p. 69. 31 ibid. , p. 77. 32 ibid. , p. 568.

in 590 in Cairo) 33 A1-Sakhäwi and ibn al-Häjib read with him.

4. Abi `Abdullah Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Said known as

ibn Ghuläm al-Faris (472-547). 34

5. Abü `Abdullah Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (d. 496)35. He

transmitted from the following scholars. All of these scholars are

at one level. (i) Abü al-Hasan `Ali ibn Muhammad ibn `Abd al-

Rahman known as ibn al-Dush who read with al-Din[ Ibn al-

Ghuläm al-Farris Abü `Abdullah Muhammad read with him. (ii)

Abü Däwüd Sulaymän ibn Najäh ibn abi al-Qäsim (d. 496)36. Some

of his works are Kitab al- Bayän s and an urjüza of

18,440 verses. (iii) Ibn al-Bayäz, abü al-Hasan ibn Yahyä ibn

Ibrähim ibn abi Zayd (d. 496)37 . He read with al-Däni. Ibn

Ghuläm al-Faris and _`1sä ibn Hazm a1-Ghäfigi'read with him.

6. A1-Imäm al-Hafiz abi `Amr `Uthman ibn Said al-Dim (see

above).

Sanad 4 of the riwaya.

1. The author.

2. Abi Àmr Ùthmän ibn Ùmar, known as ibn al-Hajib

33 ibid. , p. 20. 34 ibid., p. 121. 35 ibid., p. 548. 36 ibid., p. 216. 37 ibid., p. 264.

(570/71-646)38. He read with al-Shätibi.

3. Abi al-Jnd Ghayyath ibn Färis al-Mundhirf al-Misri (518-

605)39. Abu `Amr ibn a1-Hajib and a1-Sakhäwi read with him.

4. A1-Sharif al-Khatib, Nasir ibn Hasan ibn 'Isma`il Abi al-Futüh

al-Zaydi (d. 562)40. He read with Yahyä ibn `Ali ibn al-Faraj al-

Khashshäb and with `Abdullah ibn Abi al-Wafa al-'Atabi. Abi al-

Jud Ghayäth read with him.

5. A1-Khashshab, Yahya ibn `Ali ibn al-Faraj al-Misri (d. 504)41.

He read with `Ali Abi al-Fath Ahmad Babshadh al-Jawhan. Abu

a1-Ftüh Näsir ibn al-Hasan al-Sharif al- Khatib read with him.

6. Abü `Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Q2rrawani ibn `Ali

abu `Abdullah ibn abi Said al-Qazwini (d. 452)4 2. He read with

`Ali ibn Dawud al-Daräni and with `Ali al-Hasan ibn Sulaymän al-

'InCaki. Yahya ibn `Ali al-Khashshab read with him.

7. Abu `Ali al-Husayn/al-Hasan ibn Sulayman/ibn al-Khayr al-

'Intäki al-Näfi`i (d. 299)43. He read with Abu al-Fath ibn Badhan

and in Egypt with abu Bakr al-ub\i F, i Abu `Amr al-Däni read

with him.

8. Abu `Abdullah al-Dajuni/al-`Abbäs ibn Muhammad abu al-

Fad1 a 1- Ram11

38 ibid., p. 508. 39 ibid., p. 4. 40 ibid., p. 329. 41 ibid., p. 275. 42 ibid., p. 75. 43 ibid., p. 215.

(d. 270)44. He transmitted the girä'a from abu Bakr al-Däjüni, the

senior, his uncle, and from abu Bakr ibn Mujahid. Al-Hasan ibn

Sulaymän al-Afafi`f a1-In(aki transmitted from him.

9. Abü Bakr Muhammad ibn `Abd al-Rahman/Ahmad ibn

`Umar al- Däji ni, the senior (d. 324)45., He read with Müsa ibn

Janr. Al-`Abbas ibn Muhammad al-Dajüni, the junior, read with

10. Abu `Imrän Musa ibn Jarir al-Nahwi al-Rägqi (d. 310 or

316)46. He read with a1-Süsi, one of his boon companions.

`Abdullah ibn al- Yasa` a1=lnfaki and al-Däjüni, the senior, read

with him.

11. Abu Shu'ayb Salih ibn Ziyäd ibn `Abdullah al-SUsi (d. 261)47,

the transmitter of the riwäya of al-Sufi. He read with abn

Muhammad Yahyä al-Yazidi. Ibn Muhammad al-Ma`süm and

Müsä ibn Jarir read with him. (For a more detailed biography of

al-Süsi, see above).

12. Abu `Umar Hafs ibn `Umar a1-Düri, the transmitter of the

ri wäya of al"Düri (d. 246)4 8. He read with Abu Muhammad Yahya

al-Yazidi. `Abd al-Rahman ibn `Abdus abü al-Zara' read with

him. (For his biography see above).

44 ibid., p. 254. 45 ibid., p. 77. 46 ibid., p. 318. 47 ibid., p. 332. 48 ibid., p. 255.

13. Yahyä ibn al-Mubä rik ibn al-Mughira al-Yazidi (d. 202 at

Marw)49. Al-Duri and al-Snsi read with him (see above for a

more detailed biography).

14. Ab"n `Amr Zabbän ibn al-'Ala' al-Basri (68-154)50. He read

with al-Hasan al-Basri and with Said ibn Jubayr and with Mujähid

ibn Jabr. Al-Yazidi read with him. (see above for a more detailed

biography).

Sanad 1 of a1-tiläwa

1. The author.

2. Abü al-`Abbäs Ahmad ibn Sulaymän ibn Ahmad al-Marjäni

al- Mäliki al Iskandar (his dates are unknown) S1 He read with

`Abd al-Karim ibn 'Atiq.

3. Abü Muhammad `Abd al-Karim ibn AT Bakr ibn `Atiq al-

Rab`i al Iskandari known as ibn al-Sharabi (dates unknown). He

read with abu al-Ghana'im and with al-Yasa` ibn `Isa. Ahmad

ibn Sulaymän a1-Marjäni read with him 52

4. Abü al-Ghana'im Salim ibn Ibrahim al-Umawi al-Iskandari

(485-564)53. He read with abu a1-Qäsim `Abd al-Rahman ibn al-

Fahhäm. Abd al-Karim ibn `Atiq read with him.

5. Abu al-Qasim `Abd al-Rahmän ibn abii Bakr al-Qallüshi,

known as ibn al-Fahham/`Abd al-Rahmän ibn `Atiq ibn Khalaf abu

al-Qäsim ibn abi Bakr ibn abi Said ibn al-Fahhäm (d. 516)54. He

read with Ahmad ibn Naffs.

6. Abu al-`Abbas Ahmad al-Taräblasi/Ahmad ibn Said ibn

Ahmad ibn Ahmad ibn `Abdullah ibn Sulaymän known as ibn

Naffs abu al-`Abbäs originally from Tarablus, then migrated to

Egypt (d. 452/445)55. He read with `Ali ibn Ahmad `Abdullah al-

Sämiri. Ibn al-Fahhäm read with him.

7. Abi Ahmad `Abdullah al-5amiri/`Abdullah ibn al-Husayn

ibn Hasnün Abu Ahmad al-Sämiri al-Baghdädi, who afterwards

migrated to Egypt (295-256/370)56. He read with `Ali ibn

Mujahid and with Müsa ibn Jarir. Abu al-'Abbas Ahmad ibn naafis

read with him.

Sanad2 of al-tilawa

1. The author.

2. Abü al-`Abbas Ahmad ibn Sulayman (see above).

3. Abu Muhammad `Abd al-Karim ibn abiý Bakr ibn `Atiq al-

Rabi`i (see above).

54 ibid., p. 274. 55 ibid., p. 56. 56 ibid., p. 415.

4. Abü Yahyä al-Yasa' ibn `Isä ibn Hazm a]-Andalusi al-Ghafigi

(d. 575 in Egypt)57. He read with his father abu al-Asbagh Isä.

Abu a1-Qäsim a1-Safräwi and abn al-Jüd read with him.

5. `Isa ibn Hazm ibn `Abdullah ibn al-Yasa' abn al-Isbagh al-

Ghäfigi al-Andalusi (dates unknown)58. He read with ibn al-

Bayyiz and with abu Dawüd and with ibn al-Dush.

6. Abu Diwüd Sulaymän ibn Hajah and abu al-Hasan Yahya ibn

Ibrahim al-Bayyäz (see above).

7. Abu `Amr `Uthmän ibn Said al-Däni (see above).

8. Abi Muhammad `Abd al-'Aziz al-Baghdädi/`Abd al-'Aziz ibn

Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq Khuwästi abü al-Qäsim al-Färisi

then al-Baghdidi, known as ibn Abi Ghassän (320-412)59. He

read with `Abd al-Wähid ibn Abi Hashim. Abu `Amr al-Däni,

when visiting Andalus as a merchant, read with him.

9. Abü Tahir `Abd al-Wahid/'Abd al-VWahid ibn `Umar ibn

Muhammad ibn Abi Häshim abu Tahir al-Baghdädi (d. 349)60. He

read with ibn Mujähid. `Abd al-`Aziz ibn Ja'far Khuwästi and a

great number of other scholars read with him.

10. Abu Bakr ibn Mujähid/Ahmad ibn Musa ibn al-`Abbas

ibn Mujahid (245-324)61. He is the first scholar who reduced the

number of girä'at to seven. He read with `Abd al-Rahmän ibn

`Abdüs. Abu Tahir and a great number of scholars read with him.

11. Ibn Àbdüs/Àbd al-Rahman ibn Àbdns abü al-Zara' al-

Baghdädi (d. 280)62 who reported it from al-Dhahabi. He read

with abü `Umar al-Diiri. He was one of his near colleagues, the

most prominent one, having the most accurate memory and the

most trustworthy. Abu Bakr ibn Mujähid and some other scholars

read with him.

12. Al-Dori and al-Süsi63 (see above).

13. Yahyä ibn al-Mubärak al-Yazidi64. (see above for a more

detailed biography).

14. Abü `Amr ibn al-`Ali' al-Basri65. (see above for a more

detailed biography).

15. Mujahid ibn Jabr ibn al-Hajjäj al-Makki (d. 103/102/101)66.

He read with ibn Àbbas. Abu Àmr ibn al-Àla' al-Basri read with

16. Said ibn Jubayr ibn Hish im a1-A ýdi (al-Hajjäj killed him in 1-11

95)67. He read with Àbdullah ibn 'Abbas. Abu Àmr ibn al-Àla'

al-Basri read with him.

17. Ibn Àbbas/Àbdullah ibn Àbbas ibn Àbd al-Muttalib

62 ibid., p. 373. 63 ibid., pp. 255,332. 64 ibid., p. 375. 65 ibid., p. 288. 66 ibid., p. 41. 67 ibid., p. 305.

(d. 68)68. He read with Ubayy ibn Ka'b and with Zayd ibn Thäbit

and with `Ali ibn Abi Talib. Mujahid ibn Jabr and Said ibn Jubayr

read with him.

18. Ubayy ibn Ka'b ibn Qays a1-Ansäri (d. 19/20/32)69. He read

with the Prophet (s. m. ). `Abdullah ibn `Abbas read with him.

19. The Prophet, peace be upon him.

Sanad3 of al-tiläwa

1. The author.

2. Hasan ibn `Uthman ibn `Aliýal-Qabisi al-Maliki who migrated

to al- Iskandariyya, known as ibn al-Rukn (574-670). He read

with Abu `Ali Mansur ibn Khamis. Ibn abi al-Tähir read with

3. Abi `Ali Mansur ibn Khamis ibn Muhammad al-Lakhmi al-

Andalusi (dates unknown)? O. Al-Hasan ibn `Uthman al-Qabisi read

with him.

4. Abü `Abdullah Muhammad ibn Sulayman ibn Yahya al-Qaysi

al-Büti

5. Abu- Dawüd Sulaymän abn al-Qäsim (see above).

6. Abu `Amr `Uthmän ibn Said a1-Däni (see above).

68 ibid., p. 425. 69 ibid., p. 31. 70 ibid., p. 312.

Sanad4 of al-tilawa

1. The author.

2. Abü Àbdullah Muhammad ibn Ùmar al-Fäsi al-Muàfiri who

later lived in al'Iskandariyya (born in 549)71. He read with al-

Qäsim ibn Muhammad ibn al-Zagqäq. The author explained that

the sanad of al-Mu`afiri describing the riwäya of al-Süsi is as the

sanad of Hasan al-Qabisi.

3. Al-Imam al-Zagqäq/Qäsim ibn Muhammad ibn Mubärak

abu Muhammad ibn al-Zagqäq, known as ibn al-Hajj and ibn al-

Tawil (d. 560)72. He read with a number of scholars, two of them

are Ìsa ibn Hazm - and Abü Àbdullah Muhammad ibn Ùmar al-

Ma`äfiri.

4. Abn Dawnd Sulaymän ibn abi al-Qäsim (see above).

5. Abu `Amr ibn `Uthnian ibn Said al-Däni (see above).

The author then described that there are some other 'isnäds but

he did not mention them.

71 ibid., p. 218. 72 ibid., p. 24.

§1.6 The Meccan and Medinan suras and the numbering of

verses

These two subjects are summarised by some of the famous authors of

works on girä'at, while others omit them. Ibn Mujahid, Al-Däni, and

Ibn al-Jazari, for instance, did not mention them, whereas Makki Ibn abi

Tä1ib in his book al-Kashf mentioned at the start of his discussion of

each süra whether it was Meccan or Medinan, or both, followed by the

number of its verses according to the Medinan and Kufan methods of

numbering. Since al-Nakzawi is also among those who gave some

attention to clarifying the Meccan and Medinan s iras and the number of

verses, a brief outline is provided here. It should be noted that for a

süra to be designated Meccan or Medinan has no bearing on its readings,

whereas the number of verses does have an effect, with respect to pausal

and non-pausal forms.

1.6.1 The Meccan and the Medinan suras

This Qur'änic sub-science is not of direct relevance to the science of

girä'at, but since al"Nakzäwi mentioned in the headings of each sera

whether it was Meccan or Medinan, a brief discussion follows. This

Qur'änic sub-science is of importance to the interpreters of the Qur'än,

students of hadith, and jurisprudents. Some scholars have compiled

special books on the subject. Its principal function is the determining of

the chronology of individual sections of the Qur'än, so that legal

principles can be deduced according to the principle that the later

abrogates the earlier. A secondary function is that it assists an

understanding of the development of the Islamic legal system.

The scholars have three ways of classifying whether a süra be Meccan

or Medinan. The first is that "Meccan" denotes all that came before the

hijra and that "Medinan" denotes all that came after the hijra,

irrespective of its recorded time and place (sabab al-nuzül ). This

definition is preferred by al-Siiyiiti in al-Itgän 73 The second is that

"Meccan" denotes the süras that came in Mecca, even after the hijra,

and that "Medinan" denotes the süras that came in Medina. This

classification is not comprehensive because in the Qur'än there are süras

that came in neither Mecca nor Medina. The third is that "Meccan"

denotes the süras that came to address the people of Mecca and that

"Medinan" denotes the suras that came to address the people of Medina.

This classification is also not comprehensive because some verses which

came with the words usually addressed to the people of Mecca, "Oh you

people", came in Medina, for instance at the beginning of the Meccan

süras al-Nisä' and al-Hajj. The address "Oh you who believe" was the

usual address for the people of Medina.

The first method of classification, as preferred by al-Süyüti, is to be

recommended, since it is comprehensive and excludes contradictions,

73 vol. 1 p. 25ff. 34

w kcrt0. s the other two do not. Al-Suyüti notes in al-Itgän, 74 that

twenty suras in the Qur'an are agreed as being Medinan, that there is a

difference of opinion regarding twelve suras, and that the rest are

Meccan;

1.6.2. The numbering of verses.

Abu `Amr al-Dani said that the number of verses in the Qur'an is ageed

to be 6,000? 5 but there are various opinions that hold that there are

more than that. The schools of Mecca, Medina, Basra, Küfa and Syria

all have their own traditional numbering, traceable by isnäd back to

the Prophet. Because his book concerned only the Reading of Abu

`Amr (al-Basri), al-Nakzawi only mentioned the Basran calculation.

The scholars have divided the calculation of the verse-numbering in the

Qur' .n into three groups of sums. With a group of forty suras there is

unanimity on the numbering. With four süras76 there is agreement over

the total but disagrement over where the verse ends occur. With the

remaining seventy suras there is disagreement over the total of their

verses. "

74 vol. 1 p. 28.

75 Itgän vol. 1 p. 210. This is the Basran numbering.

76 al-Qasas, al-'Ankab it, al-Jinn and al-'Asr. Al-Fätiha also. " E. g. sürat Ta Ha has 132 in the Medinan and Basran numbering, but 134 in the Küfan.

Understanding the numbering of verses requires principles of practice

and theory. Regarding practice, stopping at the end of every verse is

preferred by reciters - Abu `Amr himself used to - and in fact it is

sünna (the practice of the Prophet). On the authority of Umm Salama,

the Prophet used to break his recitation verse by verse. 7s Thus with

Surat al-Fätiha he would recite "In the name of God the most gracious,

the most merciful", then stop, then recite, "All praise is due to God, the

Lord of the worlds", then stop, then recite, "the most gracious, the most

merciful" and so on. Regarding theory, note the precept cited by al-

Suyüti, "Whoever lacks the knowledge of sürat al-Fätiha must substitute

it with seven verses", 79 and the regulation that the Friday sermon must

contain a complete verse.

" Itgän, vol. 1 p. 271.

79 Itgän, vo1.1 p. 218.

§2 ORAL TRANSMISSION

§2.1 The distinguishing characteristics of

girä'at Abi `Amr

The Reading of Abu `Amr has many similarities with the other

seven Readings. It also has many differences, and in this section,

these differences will be highlighted. The first two sub-sections illustrate a general characteristic possessed by the Reading of Abu

`Amr, that of constraint. The Reading can generally be considered

as a middle way between some of the more extreme positions of

the other two principal Readings, those of `Asim and Näfi`. The

final sub-section outlines the large number of transmitters for the

Reading of Abn `Amr and the phenomenon of variety within a Reading. The distinguishing characteristics of the Reading of Abi

`Amr can probably be best appreciated by listening to the audio

tape attached as an appendix to this thesis and recorded by the

author It contains süras al-Kahf and Maryam in the transmission

of al-Duri, and sürat al-Fajr in the three Readings of Abn `Amr

through al-Duri, Nafi` through Warsh, and `Asim through Hafs.

Al-Nakiawf did not mention the specific nature of any differences

or agreements between Abu `Amr and other Readers, nor did he

even state that ANY `Amr has differences or agreements with other Readers. For example, he did not say that Abü `Amr was in

agreement with Nafi` over this word, or that he disagreed with Ibn `Amir over that word. The procedure that he followed with a given word was simply to find out whether one or more of the Readers

was in disagreement with the others including Abn `Amr, and then

state that the Reading of Abi `Amr is such and such, or that he

omitted ya' or fatha or sukun, or the like. The author's aim was to

single out the Reading of Abü `Amr from other Readings without detailing disagreement, in order to summarise the subject. This is

stated in the introduction to his book. Similarly, he did not discuss

the important subject of al-idghäm al-kabir , but simply placed at the end of each surah the number of letters that Abn `Amr

assimilated in this way. Since al, idghäm al-kabis is an area in

which there are great differences between scholars of gira'at it

has a sub-section below.

2.1.1. al-1m5la al-kubra

AbiT `Amr was in some agreement concerning al'fmala al-kubra

with Hamza and al-Kisa'i but he did not go as far as them. They

employed al-(mäla al-kubra for every ya'-'alif in nouns and verbs,

e. g. ý.. and . Abi `Amr only employed it after fa', as in

L5yJl Abu `Amr thus agreed with Nafi` in employing al-imäla al-

sughra, since alimala al-kubra was not employed by Warsh

except in aL , nor by Qälün except in lA -Iy in sürat al-Tawba.

It was not employed by `Asim except with in sürat Hid.

Thus Abü `Amr employed in his Reading a light kind of 'imäla,

reflecting his intermediate position between the Reading of the Hijaz and the traditional language of Tamim. It could be said that the degree of imala used by Abii `Amr was in line with that of the Quraysh accent.

2.1.2. vowelless hamza

Concerning vowelless hamza, the Reading of `Äsim pronounces the hamza fully in all circumstances, whereas the Reading of Warsh

from Nafi' elides it when it is the first radical of the word, as in

,: jj:. ý1) J_tSL and .:., s The Reading of Abu `Amr is

intermediate. It agrees with `Äsim when read slowly, and agrees

with Näfi` through Warsh when read with'idgham or in prayers or fast readings. In the latter case, however, the elision is not limited

to the first radical of the word, but applies to any radical.

2.1.3. al-idghän: al-kabir

That al-idghäm al-kabir is an area in which Abt Àmr was alone in disagreement with others is well-known. Not all scholars agree however. According to Ibn al-Jazari for instance, "' of the ten Readers Ab'u' Àmr was not the only one to have employed a l- ýidghäm al-kabir, but that al-Hasan al-Basri, Ibn Muhaysin, and al- A`mash are also reported to have done so. Ibn al-Jazari then cited various opinions of scholars of gira'at about Abi Àmr employing al-idghäm al-kabir. Some scholars, like Abü Ùbayd and Ibn Mujähid did not even mention it. Others mentioned it as transmitted through both al-Düri and al-Süsi, like Ibn Ma'shar al- Tabari and al-Safräwi. Others mentioned it as transmitted through

al-Süsi alone, like al-Däni and his Shaykh Abu al-Hasan Tähir ibn Ghalbun, as also al-Shätibi. Yet others did not mention it as

40 vol. 1 p. 275

transmitted through al-Susi or al-Düri but through others from the

colleagues of al-Yaiidi and Shuji', like ibn al-Fahhäm the author of al-Tajrid and al-Talmanki the author of al-Rawda.

Despite the fact that Abu `Ubayd and Ibn Mujähid did not mention it, the majority opinion of the scholars of gira'at mentioned above

show that al 'idgham al-kabir was employed in the Reading of Abi

`Amr. The main disagreement arises over who transmitted it from

Abi `Amr. The transmission through al-Snsi is the most

acceptable. This view is supported by the great scholars of qira'at

al-Dani and al-Shatibi, and is widely mentioned in the books of

girä'at. The transmission through al-Düri is the least acceptable. Written Qur'ans in the transmission of al-Duri are numerous, yet

none indicate al-idgham al-kabir. Moreover, in/ Sudan the

transmission of al-Dori has been widely known and carefully

preserved for centuries, yet it has not been noted that al idghäm

al-kabis has ever been used there.

2.1.4. Other unique characteristics of the Reading of Abu

2.1.4.1. General.

" He used kasra on the mim of the plural before sukün if a hä'

came before it with kasra or a ya' with sukün, such as ýl ý! I j.

and ZJ : iJ I r. i--. .

9 He disregarded the first of two hamzas with kasra, e. g.

r=S CA I'VSA .

" He did the same with damma, the only example of this being in

surat al-Ahgäf, LJ jl .

" He assimilated rä' with sukün to lam such as iä1 '. L,

" He used 'imala with v,, I: JI with final kasra.

0 He stopped on the ya' of Cli- 'Ü, in pause, i. e. he did not

pronounce the ntin, despite its spelling; and on L before lam (but

not when the läm formed the actual word Jl. ) in the surahs al-

Nisa', al-Furgän and al-Ma`ärij despite its spelling; and on the kaf

of C L5. e j and 451-5., j from sürat al-Qasas despite its spelling.

------ -He-pronounced the kasra as a yä' in seven cases when not in

pause: 4. ) yt.., Ij in sürat al-Bagara, CjyL* j in sürat Al `Imrän,

1j in sürat al-Ma'ida, 01.1A . 131 in sürat al-An`äm,

and Cjj Vj in sürat Hid and in sürat Ibfahim

and »y_, I., in surat al-Zukhruf. In manuscripts this is indicated

by a red ja'.

" He pronounced the ya' in L5al.. r wý; in sürat al-Zumar, with

fatha when not in pause and with suk6n in pause, as transmitted by al-Süsi.

2.1.4.2. Specifics.

Abu `Amr is known to have read the following individual words in

a unique way:

" In sürat al-Bagara: L' . uj without alif after the waw (as also in

sürat al-A`räf and surat Ta Ha); r. l; in both its occurences with

suknn in place of hamza, or near omission of the vowel; r-5 -I,. - L

and its like with sukün on the rä' or near omission of the vowel;

_t-WI J with damma for the wäw, and ýy` with fatha on the

ia' and kasra on the jim.

" In sürat Al `Jmrin: - __aJ 415 _. -'D CjI J3 with damma on the

1äm; and rSi. L ( without shadda on the 1äm (and so throughout the

Qur'än).

" In sürat al-A`räf: a: ýý) with sukün on the hamza in pause;

r. L LL: *.. (as also rL ll. -, -. in surat Nuh) on the same basis as

rSL LJ ; i, J, L oI and Is1yý jI with the ja'.

" In sürat al-Anfäl: 0,45 ýt with the tä', and OjL.. VI ýj with

the hamza and 'alif after the sin.

" In sürat Yünus: with hamzat al-qat` of interrogation.

" In sürat Hüd: C. 5 i, JI L$aL with hamza at the end of the first

" In Yüsuf: J L. L with alif in both words when not in pause,

but without them in pause.

" In sürat al-Nahl: 4J Ij.

" In sürat al "Isrä': Ij 3&:. -, Vt with the yä'.

" In sürat al-Kahf: ý. `º and with sukün on the mim in both

words (this is the transmission of al-Düri through a1-Yazidi and

those who agreed with him); i. j`... tt L... with fatha on the

rä' and the shin.

" In sürat Ti Hä: 'IyL J :ýC. i with the yä': I j. ýL; with

elision of the alif and fatha on the mim, and &; with fatha on

the nun and damma on the fa'.

"in sprat al-Hajj: Lg: SL I with damma on the tä'.

" In sürat a1-Mu'minün: . 41i lC jj ,� with the 'alif, and damma

on the hä'.

" In sürat al-Qasas: with the yä'.

" In sürat Lugmän: y, ýJ I, with fatha on the Ti. '

" In sürat al-Ahzäb: �J- (twice) with the yä', and 71

with the tä'.

" In sürat Säd: Ij with the form fu`oC.

" In Surat al-Zumar: e. =, ' ° lS and 4---j _ºL%,... - with

tanwin in both and fatha on the fa' in and on the tä' in

4--- ,.

" In sürat al-Qitä1: J.. 1ý with damma on the hamza, kasra on

the lam and fatha on the yä'.

" In surat al-Fath: Imo. .; C). ß l.; with the yä'.

" In sürat a1-Hujurät: rS JL 11 with the hamza.

9 In sürat al-Tur: 1:, Iý with hamzat al-qat' and sukun on the

tä' and `ayn, and pronouncing nun and a1if81 ;Ljl in the

plural.

All the others have wattaba'athum. 44

" In si rat al-Hadid: rOL:.,. L1 with damma on the hamza,

kasra on the kha' and damma on the qäf; rSb ( L.; with

curtailment of the hamza.

" In sürat al-Hashr: vý; y.: with shadda on the rä'.

" in sprat al-Mumtahina: (J5.,,.. ß 'l j with fatha on the mim and

shadda on the sin.

" In sürat al-Munafiqün: ýsSlý with the waw and fatha on the

" In sürat a1-Mursalät: . _. ý with the waw.

" In sürat al-Fajr:

with the ya' in each.

ýý.. J, ýý. ý. ý DJ and

The above are the places where Abu `Amr al-Basri has unique

readings in al 'usul and infarsh al-hurüf.

2.1.5. transmitters (ruwat )

It should be noted that transmitters from Abü `Amr, other than al-

Di r and al-Süsi, . have agreed in some of the above with other Readers. This is considered perfectly acceptable. Abü Bakr Shu`ba

ibn `Ayyäsh, for example, a transmitter from Asim had many

readings that disagreed wi th his colleague, Hafs, the second

transmitter from `Asim. Moreover, the limitation of two

transmitters for each Reader is simply a convenience for keeping

the number of transmitters manageable, and does not exclude

other scholars of gira'ät.

According to some, Abü `Amr had seventeen transmitters: al- Yazidi, Shüja`, `Abd al-Wärith, al-'Abbas ibn al-Fall, Said ibn Aws,

Harlin al-A'war, al-Khaffäf, Ùbayd ibn Ùgayl, Husayn al-Ju`fi, Yünus ibn Habfb, al-Lu'1ü'i, Mahbüb, Khärija, al-Jahdami, Ìsma, al- Asmaì and Abu Ja'far al-Ru'asi. The Reading of Abi Àmr cannot

therefore be confined to the transmission of al-Yazidi, ignoring

these others. Some of them indeed may have been even more

knowledgeable and trustworthy than al-Yazidi. Furthermore, the

ten most famous transmitters from al-Yazidi were al-Düri, al-Süsi, Abu Samdän, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Jubayr, Awqiya Abü al- Fath, Abu Khiläd, Ja`far -ibn Hamdän Sajjäda, Ibn Sa'c'-an, Ahmad ibn

-Muhammad ibn al-Yaiidi and Abü al-Harith al-Layth ibn Khalid. It

is therefore a shortcoming of the author that he limited his

information to the transmissions of al-Süsf and al-Düri alone, ignoring these other transmitters, some of whom might in certain

cases have been more strict and trustworthy. His intention to be

brief excuses him.

In Sudan, however, the khaläwi have been more eclectic, and have

diverged a little from the transmission of al-Duri. In al"usül this is

notably with al ! imäla al-sughra, which they replace with fatha,

contrary to al-Sh itibi. Two examples from farsh al-huruf are:

J... ý a1 :, l, Sj and j-ý from sürat al-Kahaf. They were

transmitted by `Ali ibn Nasr and Husayn al-Ju`fi through Abu `Amr with the mim with damma, corresponding with Näfi` and disagreeing with al-Düri who read the mim with sukün.

§3 INSTITUTIONAL TRANSMISSION

Islam spread in the Sudan through the Süfis, of that there is no

doubt. It was they who used and greatly expanded the khaläwi

to run their courses for teaching the Qur'an. This section focusses

on one such khalwa, Umm Dubban, with the overall aim of

showing how the khalawi have preserved the Reading of Abt

`Amr al-Basri up till today. After a brief explanation of the word

khalwa, the sub-sections therefore provide an overview of the

coming of the Reading of Abu `Amr to the Sudan, of Umm Dubban

and its history, of its shüyükh, of its enrolment and teaching

procedures, and to conclude, of its daily life to illustrate the

discipline in transmission.

3.1 The word khalwa

The meaning of the root of the word khalwa is to be confined to

yourself away from other people, either in a room, mountain or in

the open. In the Sudan, it means that a person has kept himself

alone from others in a room for the purpose of worship. It occurs

when the Shaykh or one of his followers on his order, "enters the

khalwa". If a person is left alone outside the room they are called

sa'ih. The word khalwa may also mean a guest's room including

the general facilities (bathroom, toilet etc. ), but this has been

replaced in many areas of the Sudan by the word diwan, and in

towns and cities by the word sälün. But the most common

meaning of al-khalwa or al-khalawt is that of the school/s devoted

to the teaching of the Qur'än especially when associated with the

name of a founder, such as khalawi al-Shayqiyya wal-Majädhi. b,

khalawi al-Ghubush, khalwat Wad al-Fädni., khalwat Wad

Nu`man.

3.2 The coming of the Reading of Abu 4Amr to the Sudan

According to Ibn al-Jazari the Reading of Abu `Amr was widely

known in his day in the Hijäz, the Yemen and Egypt, and that up

till the fifth century it was the Reading of Syria 82 Now many of

the emigrants to the Sudan at the end of the fifteenth century A. D.

were from al -Hijaz, al-Yemen and Egypt. It is also known that a

considerable number of Islamic scholars were among the Arabs

82 Nashr vol. 1 p. 41.

who settled in the Sudan at that time. Accordingly over time

many khaläwi were established in different places throughout the

Sudan. Some of these khaläwi are still providing the teaching of

the rules of Abu `Amr's Reading, despite the fact that this Reading

is no longer known in, the rest of the Islamic world. Since the

spread ' of the Ottoman Dynasty, it has been replaced by the

Reading of `Asim. This is because the mushaf of the Qur'an was

printed according to `Asim's Reading on a mass scale and then 11

distributed throughout the regions under Turkish rule, and in

particular to the Government controlled schools. The Sudan,

however, was too remote and its communications too difficult to

be influenced by this phenomenon, and it was able to preserve

the tradition of the early scholars of the Qur. 'än.

Apart from the unsuccessful exploratory raids against the Nubians

by the Umayyad 'Uqba ibn Nafi' during the early Muslim

conquests, "' the first Arab emigrants to the Sudan were a small

number of Ummayads fleeing from the conquering `Abbäsids.

Then there were merchants who came looking for gold and

animals, and bedouin shepherds seeking pasture and water for

their animals. These people were the first to establish khalawi as

a sign of their good intention towards religion. They were full of

emotional, feelings for Islam rather than knowledge, and as such,

" Trimingham 60.

the khalwa had only a limited benefit to them,, mainly as a place

for their gatherings and to accommodate their guests. Due

therefore to their limited knowledge of Islam, the Sudan was far

removed from orthodox teachings, and it was not until the great

expansion of the Sufi movement that Islam proper spread in the

Sudan. Four great scholars should be isolated.

The first came to the Sudan from Yemen. 84 He was Shaykh

Ghulämalläh ibn "A'id al-Yemeni who settled in Dongola in the

mid-fourteenth century A. D. He was the forefather of the famous

Sudanese tribe of al-Rikäbiyya. He is reported to have said that

he came to the area when the people were in great doubt about

their religion. There were no copies of the Qur'an, and no scholars.

He started to build -mosques, and to teach the Qur'an and other

knowledge-to-his--sons and to other pupils. Shaykh Muhammad

Nur ibn Dayfallah notes" that under the Funj, who had ruled

Nüba since 910 A. H. and established the town of Sýar, there were

no schools to teach the Qur'än or even to teach any knowledge and

that a man could divorce his wife and re-marry her in the same

day without allowing for the period of `idda to expire.

The second was Shaykh Mahmüd al-'Araki, who came from Egypt

in 1510 A. D. and started to teach people about the religion,

" Or at least his father did (Trimingham100) 'S Tabaqat p. 40.

settling near the White Nile and establishing many khaläwi

there. "'

The third scholar, or rather group of scholars, were the four sons

of Jabir, descendants of Ghulamallah ibn `A'id. These four greatly

improved the teaching in the khaläwi in the sixteenth century

A. D. " Their sons and other pupils later became leaders and

scholars themselves, like Shaykh Ya`qüb the forefather of al-

Ya`qübät near the town of Sinar, and Shaykh `Abd Allah al-'Araki

the leader of al-`Arakiyyin to the east of the Jazira.

The fourth scholar was Muhammad walad `Isa Siwär al-Dhahab, BB

during whose time (the second half of the seventeenth century

A. D. 89 specialisation in the Qur'an and its teachings developed.

-Although his khalwa was an extension of the khalwa of the-sons of

Jäbir (his father had been a pupil in their khalwa taught by his

father) Muhammad Siwar al-Dhahab incorporated the Arabic and

Qur'änic studies taught him by al-Tilmisäni al-Maghribi. It can be T

said that the expansion of religious studies in general came

through the children of Jabir, and the expansion of Qur'änic

studies in particular came through Muhammad. Every Qur'anic

reader in the Sudan who came after him would have to have his

"Trimingham 100,115 n. 2. "' Trimingham 100. "Trimingham 116. " Trimingham 197,116.

transmission connected to Muhammad (unless of course it was

that of Hafs from `Asim, only introduced into the Sudan this

century). The transmission of Warsh from Näfi`, still in use in

Dongola, is also connected to Muhammad through al-Tilmisäni al-

Maghribi. Those from I? ongola who studied this particular reading

trace their transmission back to `Isa walad Kanu, a pupil of

Muhammad Siwär al-Dhahab. 9° It could therefore be said that

Muhammad taught a different Reading to that of Abi `Amr.

However, while it is true that he taught `Isa walad Kanu the

transmission of Warsh, this transmission was not his main one,

nor did it spread beyond Dongola for two reasons. First, `Isa was

not consistent in his teaching, and according to Süfi practices he

would take time off, called "Attraction Time" (jadhb) when he

was absent from his senses. Second, a fellow student of `Isa called

`Abd Allah al-Aghbash, was more intellectual than the other

students and developed his studies contrary to `Isa walad Kanu.

He was followed by his sons and grandsons who became famous

scholars in the Qur'anic sciences, called al-Ghubush. Al-Ghubush

are known to the Sudanese as the tribe of those who read the

Qur'än by heart. `Abd Allah al-Aghbash and his offspring and

students reached the highest level in the teaching of the Qur'anic

sciences, writing and editing many books. In their time, the

number of those who knew the Qur'an by heart greatly increased,

'° I am indebted to Dr. Ahmad ̀ Ali al-Imäm for this information. 52

and their period was the golden era for the khalwa and Qur'änic

studies. A story that illustrates this is that if somebody wanted a

written Qur'än, he would bring paper and other requirements and

give them to a few of those who knew the Qur'an by heart and

who had a similar way of writing. He would then ask each of

them to write from such and such a verse of the Qur'än up to such

and such a verse. At the end of the day he would collect all the

individual sections from them and it would make up a complete

written Qur'än in exactly the same style. One of the scholars of

this time was Daf' Allah ibn abi Idas al-`Araki" to whom most of

the branches of al-Täriga al-Qadiriya are connected in the Sudan.

Through his followers, the biggest and many of the khaläwi of the

Qur'an were founded in different parts of the country, such as the

khalwa of Umm Dubban.

§3.3. The khalwa of Umm Dubbin

Umm Dubbin is a large village east of Khartoum. It has grown up

around a khalwa founded by Shaykh Muhammad Badr (1810 -

1884 A. D. ), a Sufi of great fame and an outstanding teacher of the

Qur'an y2 Umm Dubbin is, and has been for the last century, the

" Trimingham 131,134,198. 92 It was featured in Basim Musallam's Channel 4 TV series The Arabs. See also Trimingham 220.

largest khalwa in the Sudan in terms of both human and financial

resources. It was where I had my primary education and learnt

the Qur'an by heart. It has been ignored by researchers for a long

time, and nothing has come down to us about it except the limited

information provided by Muhammad al-Nur Wad Dayfallah in his

Kitäb al-Tabagät. For these reasons I have taken this khalwa as a

good example of the khalwa in the Sudan.

As to the origin of the name Umm Dubbän, according to reliable

Sudanese sources, when Muhammad Badr arrived for the first

time to the area, he sat under a tree in which a colony of bees was

nesting, so he called the place Umm Dubban. In Sudanese

colloquial bees and domestic flies are both called al-dubban (al-

dhubäb in Classical Arabic). The former president of the Sudan,

Nimeiri, renamed it -Umm Dawan Ban, to avoid using the word

flies for this respectable place. But the original name is preferred

by those attached to the place, and fits the metre of the poetry

composed about it.

3.3.1. The fire of Qur'än

The khalwa of Umm Dubbän was established in 1285 by

Muhammad Badr, but his teaching the Qur'an started twenty one

years before that in1264 when he asked his follower al-Faki

Muhammad ibn al-Hajj to kindle the fire of Qur'an in al-Nakhayra,

an agricultural area to the east of Umm Dubbin.

The words Shaykh, Khalifah and Faki have specific meanings in Umm

Dubban. Shaykh means Shaykh al-Tariqa and on its own it means

Muhammad Badr. It may also mean the pupils who later on become r

Shaykh al-Tariga by the order of the Shaykh. Sometimes, however, the

title Shaykh can be given out of respect to a ruler or even to an outside

official. Khalifah means the man chosen to be in charge after the

death of his predecessor. He has to be from the sons of the Shaykh or

his grandsons and their male children. The word Faki (cf. faqih) is a

scholar or someone who knows the Qur'än by heart. He might be from

the Shaykh's sons or not, although the sons of the Shaykh who became

Khalifahs or Shaykhs had their title changed from Faki to Khalifah or

Shaykh.

The fire of Qur'an is a fire set to logs of wood during the night to

enable the pupils of a khalwa to recite the Qur'an, since this study

is mainly at night and at dawn. The above mentioned Faki

Muhammad ibn al-Hajj lit the fire for a year. He was followed by

al-Faki Balla for another year, then his brother al-Faki

Muhammad for a year, then al-Khälifa Ahmad ibn al-Shaykh

Muhammad for two years, after which the al-Faki Balla returned

to light the fire for four years. Al-Khalifa `Ali al-Karär ibn al-

Shaykh Muhammad then lit it for one year followed by al-Faki

`Abd al-Rahmän ibn al-Fakir Muhammad a1-Muhalläwi for eleven

years.

A new era of the fire of the Qur'an then started when al-Shaykh

moved from al-Nakhayrah to Umm Dubbän, where it settled and

more effort was paid to it. Hajj al-Tayyib took over as Shaykh.

He had great knowledge and respect, and continued in his

teaching for eleven years, after which his brother `Abbas

succeeded him for six years. The process of teaching the Qur'an at

Umm Dubbän continued under the supervision of the following

men one after another:

al-Faki `Abd al-Rahnian Handöl (four years)

al-Faki Muhammad al-Häjj Nur (four years)

al-Khalifah Hasab al-Rasiil ibn al-Shaykh Muhammad Badr

(forty years till his death in 1349)

al-Faki Klialid (eight years till his death in 1357)

al-Faki Harlin `Umar(till 1963 A. D. )9 3

al-Faki `Ali Salih (till 1984 A. D. )

al-Faki `Uthmän al-Rayyah - in charge of the fire of the Qur'än

till the present time.

Those who chair the teaching in the khalwa need assistance from

93 He was the one who taught me the Qur'an.

those who recite the Qur'än by heart. They help in teaching as

well as in managing the khalwa . In some cases, they will

become Shaykh, such as al-Faki Khälid and al-Faki Harlin. There

were others who expended considerable efforts in teaching but

did not succeed in becoming Shaykh. This may be due to early

death, such as al-Faki Ibrahim Muhammad in the time of al-

Khalifa Hasab al-Rasul or due to leaving the job of teaching in the

khalwa, such as al-Faki Muhammad al-Bashir `Amr and al-Faki al-

Tahir al-Rubätäbi.

The following are the Khalifahs94 of Shaykh Muhammad Badr

from his sons, with their dates of birth:

Khalifah Ahmad 1245

Khalifah `Ali a1-Kar . rä r 1252

Khalifah Hasab al-Rasü1 1282

Khalifah Mustafa 1288

From his grandsons - Khalifah Yüsüf `Amr.

The system of choosing the Khalifah during the time of the

Shaykh's sons was that the eldest son should be Khalifah, unless

he gives up his right to the next in line. This happened with

14 i. e. the leaders of the Sufi tariga 57

Shaykh `Abbas who relinquished his right to become Khalifah to

his younger brother Hasab al-Rasul. After the death of the last son

of the Shaykh, Khalifah Mustafa, the grandsons decided to follow a

new procedure in choosing the new Khalifah. This was to choose

one of the grandsons of the Shaykh whose father had not had a

chance to become Khalifah although he had had all the

requirements of becoming one. It was unanimously agreed that

Khalifah Yüsuf al-Faki `Amr be chosen. After his death, some

difficulties arose with choosing the new Khalifah due to external

intervention, but they were solved by choosing two Khalifahs, al-

Tahir al-Shaykh al-Tayyib and al-Faki `Amr, a brother of Khalifah

Yusuf.

3.3.2. Enrolment and teaching procedures in the khal wa

There are few restrictions for attendance at the khalwa. People of

different age groups may enrol, for instance, some are in their

teens and others in their fifties. There is no specific time to apply,

nor any application forms for enrolment. It is open all the year

and joining the khalwa can be at any time and from any place,

village, city, or even from outside the Sudan. Those who are from

the village usually stay at their homes and simply attend the

khalwa, but those who are outsiders are provided with free

accommodation and meals. The ability of the student and his

intellect will determine the period necessary for him to stay in the

khalwa. He graduates from the khalwa when he has learnt the

Qur'än by heart.

A mature prospective applicant usually comes without a written

request, and greets the Khalifah, -telling him that he wants to study

the Qur'an. If the Khalifah accepts, he will answer him by saying

"Khayr in sha' Alläh", andl order one of the students to take the

newcomer to Shaykh al fugarä' who will consider that the

acceptance of this student has been approved since the new

student is accompanied by an older student sent by the Khalifah.

This is for a mature student, but for younger ones their father or

guardian will follow this procedure until the new student is

received by Shaykh al fugarä'. The Shaykh al fugara' will ask

some questions to ascertain the level of the new student

particularly in connection with learning the Qur'än by heart. Also

through the discussion he will find out the personality, way of

thinking and the environment which the newcomer has been

raised in. The Shaykh al fugara' will then call one of the old

students whom he thinks is the most suitable one to share

accommodation etc. with the new student. The old student will

then greet and receive the new student and a new bed will be

provided. After settling down, the old student will bring the new

one back to the Shaykh al-hirän who will give him a wooden

writing board, which differs in size depending on the level of the

new student. Bigger wooden writing boards are given to those of

an advanced level of education, and smaller ones for the beginners.

If the new student has already made advances in learning the

Qur'an by heart, then he will become directly attached to the

Shaykh al-hirän or to one of his assistants, but the beginner is

usually attached* to an older student appointed by the Shaykh. * The

new student will be called huwär and will be considered a pupil of

the older one.

The advanced student may have many beginners (hiran) under his

supervision. He usually starts them with the basics of the

alphabet. Sometimes he writes on the soil and other times he

sticks date stones to a wooden writing board (law/. ), to show the

pupils the shapes of the letters, and asks them to run their pens

around the date stones, to teach them writing skills. After

becoming familiar with the alphabet the Shaykh will transfer the

pupil to a higher level which is called al-ramya. This level has two

categories, one is very simple and the other one is an ordinary

level. The simple level is run by the Shaykh who pronounces the

word to be written by the pupils each letter separately. He may

also mention that this letter is connected to that one or is

separated from the other letter and so on. For example, the

Shaykh says, "al-hamdu lilah" then he says, "write hamza". The

pupil replies, "sayyiduna hamza" then the Shaykh says, "1äm",

where, upon the pupil will write lam and will say, "sayyidunä him".

and so on. The word sayyiduna is pronounced with'imala in the

khalwa according to the narration of al-Duri. It is mainly used in

the conversation with the Shaykh either for the sake of al-ramya

or in general conversation. The ordinary ramya is conducted by

the Shaykh by pronouncing a whole word such as wal-duha. The

pupil then writes the word and after he has finished writing, says

the word wal-duha, whereupon the Shaykh says the next word or

words, i. e. wallayii idhä sajä. ' The ramya can be for one pupil or

ten or more at any one time. It may also involve different

chapters of the Qur'an, and each pupil will reply in turn to avoid

confusion. The Shaykh knows the level of his pupils, so he may

stop one of them at a certain word or ask another to write an extra

line or two.

The period of al-ramya ends when the pupil has learnt to read and

write and when he has developed the skill of learning by heart.

The Shaykh then asks his pupil to start learning al-mutala`a. This

means it is now compulsory for this particular pupil to learn by

himself, since the period of receiving knowledge from the Shaykh

is now over, and it is time to rely on himself. Al-mutäla`a is a

specific amount of the Qur'in for a student to write on his wooden

writing writing board for the next morning. For those who are not q jus" C, t

learning by heart, it is about one eighth or sixteenth ofLthe Qur'an,

which they write on the following morning. The Shaykh or one of

the elder students will read the section out loudly, and the student

will follow by listening and looking at his writing on the wooden

writing board. He then spends his day learning that part of the

Qur'an and the following morning erases what has been written,

ready for the next session. The beginners usually sit in a circle

round their Shaykhs for al-ramiya. The advanced student will

have his own writing board and usually separates himself from

others to write what he has learnt from al-mutäla`a. The Shaykh

watches those who are doing al-mutäla`a from a distance so that

they -do not -cheat. They are only -allowed to ask one or two

-questions. Exceeding -these limits will -result in punishment for the

student who did not prepare his mutala`a very well. After

finishing writing on the writing board the process of correction

begins, called al-sahha. The beginners will give their writing

boards to the advanced students. The advanced students will give

theirs to the Shaykh al-hirtin or to one of his assistants. The

writings are checked thoroughly for the shape of letters, and any

errors. Commendations, reminders and other comments will be

made and in some cases they will ask the pupil to clear this writing

board and re-write the subject again if there is large number of

mistakes. The Shaykh will then write on one side of the writing

board what is required to be written by the student for the next

day. He writes in a beautiful way so that the student may be able

to follow or copy the same style. He also notes that this particular

writing board has been corrected. The student who does not

correct his writing errors will face punishment. The punishment

will be harsher if the student writes on the space left for the

Shaykh's writings. Writing may vary from a few lines for the

beginners, a sixteenth for other ones which is called kharuba, an

eighth for those of intermediate level, and two eighths for those

about to graduate, called maqara.

Those whose writing boards have been corrected will go back to

their writing boards to continue reading and reciting until eleven

o'clock in the morning. This period is called al-dahwiyya. After

that the student is dismissed to .h accommodation to take food

and rest and to prepare themselves for the coming period which is

called al-duhriya. This starts from al-zahira 94 and is for the

student to read from his writing board to the Shaykh. The student

reads in a loud voice, continous looking. at his writing board to

ensure he reads correctly.

The next period is called al-`asriya, from the time of al-'asr. This is

" zä' is usually pronounced as dad. 63

for learning the mutäla'a. The following period is called al-

maghribiya, from the time of al-maghrib. This period is for al-

`arda which is when the student recites by heart to the Shaykh

what is written in his writing board without looking at it. The time

of al-` isha' is called the period of al-scab`. This period is for the

advanced students to read a seventh of the Qur'an which they have

learnt by heart, lest they forget what they have learnt. This period

ends at ten o'clock in the evening. Supper is then served followed

by bed-time.

Th enext period is called al-daghshiya. For Sudanese in general

this means the time for morning prayer al-fajr, but here it starts

one hour before al fajr. This is to give time for revision and a last

chance for al-'arda for those who were unable to show their

writing boards the night before. This is called al-daghshiya al-

kubra. The other is called al-du. hshiya al-sughra and it starts

after morning prayer and lasts until sunrise when all writing

boards are cleaned and ready for a fresh start as with the day

before. This is the daily programme except for Thursday and the

Friday which is the weekly holiday. The other exceptions are the

two Eids, when each student has a break of fifteen days.

Each year many students graduate on completing learning the

Qur'än by heart. They have to pass an exam before the Shaykh

al-hirän in which they have to recite the whole Qur'an by heart to

the satisfaction of the Shaykh al-hiran. If any fail, the Shaykh asks

him to take his writing board back and to start again. This is called

`awda. Graduates usually stay in touch with their Shaykhs and

with the khalwa. They show great respect to Shaykhs and the

khalwa since they offered these graduates the best thing in the life

of a Muslim which is learning the Qur'än by heart. Also provided

was the accommodation, food and a parental care. These facilities

are provided to more or less two thousand students. The most

recent figure is one thousand and seven hundred students.

Through the graduates of Umm Dubban many khaläwi have been .

established which have had great success in teaching many

students to know the Qur'än by heart, and in directing the public

towards Islamic knowledge and behaviour. Examples of these

other khaläw are the khalwa of wad Abü Salih, from which the

greatest reader of the Qur'an in the Sudan graduated, Shaykh Sicldiq

Ahmad Hamadün; the khalwa of Abü Qurün and the khalwa of

Shaykh Mustafa al-Fäd ni. These three khaläwi are on the East

bank of the River Nile. In al-Jazira there are the kh al wa of Umm

Daqras, the khalwa of al-'idayy4 and the khalwa of al-Nakhayra al-

Thaniya.

3.3.3. The role of the khalwa in preserving the reading of

Abu 'Amr.

The reading of Abi `Amr has been preserved only in the Sudan,

and this is solely thanks to the khalwa. The reasons are:

1. At the time the khaläwi expanded rapidly the Reading of Abi

`Amr was the only one for them to learn and to teach.

2. The khalwa in the Sudan is independent from the government

with its own financial resources, whereas in many other parts of

the Islamic world, the State can impose upon educational

institutions and even on scholars.

3. The strictest discipline is imposed on the pupils of the khalwa to

prevent intermixing the different Readings.

4. The loyalty of the khaläwi to each other. The new khalwa will

follow the footsteps of the old one, since they have the same

resources of knowledge. This knowledge has enormous influence

on the pupils since it has been inherited by fathers and forefathers

and it is unacceptable for any of it to be lost.

5. The continuity of the khaläwi. Before one khalwa becomes old,

a new one is established.

14JJ 1 r.. ýº

ýrý *St 1 , ýý1 I aU I . ý. z c,.; .1 lý. 4U1 u! I .,.. w IJiIJu

J.,,, º, J I 4j JIj vL j a..;. r 4J IU4jI.; S.,; J

62..; -i1vu. J II 4)»l--! 1v1J Li 4jw1 ti uj , j.;..., J 1Zo. raý

vt. t WIt..., j vl,. c I, ý (, I l; j

a1 i VLJCj afO

JL2j"J 10.4 jj. ý. ý A -0 VJ

-:, rl. j jxU1 k ý:. ý - 'ý r1ýýý, ;. i, rt, ý1,

j, wI ý. 3,.: J. *. ý. JruIý, lx. o

, sß. 3 I aSC, r

Vr U-11 ý,,. > r4 J b, A 31 , 011,41 bj.. L', 1

&j . iýL.. o ,Aý*- .» Vil. 3 bL-4--0 cx. ZH 0: 2ý J--t- Vil C>A A. 3

JI itsJl y,. "j., JI jiI 4131 J

tin - ý#

ýjl. h. A v,, o ö r, a:,. ý. o ö r-4 [f] GSM] v1J vt. ývV (j V. _. Zh.... 1I ,, rýý , Iýý

v. ° bj -L ti Jrý , rýI a; b, ý. ý IUIU. ) ,tI V)1,?. r. 4,1 0 cam. rýa1l

, 11 r- J--5'. -JýI. )i

Z)t J us jb it 1 4t. U 4. ZA r., uhi 4 1.3, J, 3 iii . l;,. M 1 M.; 01

e Irr ° L; ! or° bi-o . rrS u ri llr- -h° Ivs! J-*o'tI &. 6 a-V IU , S3I

;, ju l tJJ-A j L4-. S-. 6 uix- »J I tP Ul j -im! 'I

VJ z r4J toi L. j 01 i . aJ L L, it- r. g. J Iyw c: ujJ u

üvX"1. JJ L .J aj. j 1, j -y j

ý: aS r": -4>

14 I vi ý. ý.. a. 3 1.

ý lý. w'ý i ,S3

vý-ý' . ro-ý ý-: i ý+ý (ý <. sý' ý» ýr° ýL. ý ý. rý ý, ýs-:

ý r 1. ýý ( öý (, ý ýJ I ýr ýý ýr, ý I

L41 ä Ii jr lao 'A

WI "w lI 't Lixi I ,. il ý14. W 1 l. gj 5,, .u Iý) I

v.: i ý_. rý-lI &- ajI Or 3L -ar- ».. r-z r] [o] JJI , -.: )I tij .I

Cý.; . lrs

ý; r"ý.. ýi. (ý, 1 ý,,,. JIý: rº v-ý

AJJI Ac ylA.., UJI V., oWI ý;,,.., *i Jts t. l Lij . ctt ö, Ij l$J

AD IJ;. L C,.; . C.,,; . ß. y3 . ßi.. 1 I J. 4 4 V; i &x -)

t�a* I

;,. 1 IJU 4JJ IIJ It &j ý., 1Iii L1 I ý. 1.4V

Yl ,: rj .! . ý1 a ll a_,, ý, ý ;,;,,. u

v; (. 1ý.; LkI c. c j.. 4. >1 ,,. Lv-> ý,. r e,;, v. > 4, si'ý ý, ; v,. c.

. j. ý ji i . JI r1r, J' I -.. Jl , . JJI

ýýl rL4VI ' JU bli AtIc ;- 1ý; 4. jL; %Jl L.. aJl L4

JU AM ý.. o. r, .b1, :.. 1 I r.. `, x41 a. > WIi bi. i .-ý,

ir -A U . ý. o. ý. A

"JJ I 4.4-j 43I t.. c y1 4sä. 1 IWI -WI ;*I

ý. ýc .ý°ý, c, ýr -I . yi ý. rrä. ýI s. ýSt! III ýT g Wl ,:. ý1 J1. i

Uil c s. 1 ir: )1. ý. lý. w jj1j yqlj _,.; ý. ýJ I>L vß,,. 41

[ ̀ l I I, +--. c 41 ä. ýý -ýJj vi I &r: r-. -& ILPJ ! its ý t,.. ý. I y, ii 1

LotJ Ir LAV I A-" I r4-Loic. ý1-01 J. - x--

I ýrý &J b ýrý -, J. I &. ". U I c.,.,. ß. 1 Ij;. 4)W I cS, äl I

Rý, i ýwI rL, -j 1 (,, 1 JLi At Ii, Atlrý ;. JLJ &UI A.. -Ij U. i

c. s'ýr3I X1.3 1 4.. Q. ý, _ ýt .ý ýý

c. s . ý-: 7 c. ý. r. } 1 JU ý, IJr_.. a lI .ý1J, 4JJ IJ;.. c y, 1 ý, J1 JU

1JudL :iL v3,. ß.! 1JS LL*'i 1

ýý .,,..,.; S.. JI ma y, I. ý I ý,.. ý, 1I .ý. tý, . ý, o.. , ýº , r'1 ý,;. > I JU coýý. WI

iýL'a 4 .. a- -4J1

*.. ýI JU Cri e>,:

J 1 e�. > --r-

-jr--r- ßs-: 1 ire cS A�r_, J I err- cS»ijI . r-ý I: H v rp-c J.; ii i- JIbl. >j ir!

JJJ jej

(., U I "-----j ul. j4e: U 1 , mac .+j-A,; _::, 5 A---m I J5 j-

"ý;. ý ,-ý, ... ý. ý, ý,, t r LAU 1M-ý ýýý ýr au 1

1 1.41i a" CJUi -ü Gj vwaiý

vL, ý. lIvWILI kJJ VI &tg _.. ä. äJ I _' _"

I , Lr- 4S (Y 1 0I, VIl.. p

.uV Iýý Iý X71 Iýý. ý,, J I ý. ý;.:. oý u Iý I,,. ä. 1 I r, ý1, r. ý ýJ I ýy, b ý, Jý. ý, ý

AD I Us. u. >t ý,: ýj I j,

S,,. ä tIA: a' äJ I .. '. +. 1I alt ý1,, S JU A,, ýJ Ij

_j j iA

,yx. 11. r. j 1W ýs.; IJIr ut, ý juj v_-; -c Js, j L, ý,

x-. 10.11 r Jt Lt il 6vi ýý, ý JIj - L, 0-11 i; i

T., b 4 u. " IJwJ 1., >i . ý-l; -Jl &. 1 crLr. ljjj rlPXI ý vý,. ýt I, JI

.'1 LJ. i jý-U I a,. JI&. &J l Lx.,, 1 1, ýý s 4.1 I i. -r- . ý. ý. i ý1 al t

A-til o it- I jij U-J-U"J I r. ý-y &J c., v-: (c. s-ý'4-' cs'" (° cSrý (. ý;. ä. ýJ

1, __ ý,,. ýý - t. ___ ýý If vý., o L2!

r'. rýJ I . s,;. s . ý., o.. ý., o ý.; i

ýS. 1. L f.,. ýý I ý. J I . ý.., w tA.:. t ýrý cs'" cs

, Lxo1 ,Lr. , alb y1 t,. ýý -L-- IL £ U' LA L ýý

c. sW. r-, J csýý u»jj 1A výj -Ltz O: c. u 1 ,. ji - ., m1. ß,.. * &,

tom" )

r"j A-tý AJU I LILO Lr-: j I

LrLr- IpSj

&I LrLr-, I- L_X- _ýj Lt

c r-J. W (csý. C ir' cý-ý ýr -- (cam- ýr: 'JJ I , ", Sý ý: JiJ I'_' (ý

L.;., U I Aj 51. r &J jj-aý LA , ri

I, LAJI t,,... 'Jl 4ý cjlýj JU

u1,3 JU -c . 1J1 I, ýI

V, t Cii, i JU .u

at-x" &J jjrý &I U'll &La cil Uj I JU

4u ia . -r i. 4. sß 1 4J iJi

ý,, ý! Irl. ýýi I ý, J. c csýýýJ I I� uirý J csrý tit IWI

urs, LA-r- Cil-J jui

- jjl-ý &. 1 LLr- Cjl. ýj ju - t3uA jjý-41

ý,. ý JJ I :, 5' a.:.;. ýJ IJJL, Q. ý ý1 IJIa Iýý ý)1 t I. e ýý ý.; W

L&-, SS &. r 4:. -'U.: -. I e: ue -rE v j, b 1.2. EI ß; 1j -j SJU I elW I &. x. >

: . ý:. ýýý ý,. ý:, c l. eý "x;, 53 ý; ý'c c. s

ýl. S , ý. A Si v.. 4 öý I, ý1I IIIö(. +ý:,, w'I 1,4>, j )tS ýro. c 1i JCi ri-. 1

C: pA . JJ L 3ci . [41, J <.. rý °J 1..:. l ýý " r. ý-1-ý-A 4i .l .uI sj c 1,

AD I Jji yWQI L41 - L.., J IjL USW LLI Z). j z-ý, I I' lh ý.; J I

u, 3. Ji I3 I ý,:. +ý ". r. _.. ý. JI )Uz::.: J I &., o 4JJ LJ ! %:. U I, ß. 1I v1; 3 I! U jLmo

L1.3 ,-;,. I,. v1 J, 3- ö31.. ß... -21 Z) 1 UJ-cc , bß,. 114, ~. jw-il ýý 31 1, Z>1

Ul.., o , JJ I Jrý, JU . a_.; t ire iý . rte ýr ýý et� Li Jt

>>1 I J. & I .ý1 II& J-A; t. *.; £W II o- I, aJ I C;. A.:.... a r1, j A:. lc 41

,jL3L4

M"ý ýS J M

oýrý JS J. 5t L týsj : J, t U,

,t L4J s.: IIJ, t Lsi 4s,. ß uj, 4 Jý. r r to 4. c; XL!

c li l C, -

W il 1-0 it -Lr- LrLc L L. tIv w-l LgL iL ci. 0.3

J., aýJ I x: 113.6 ",. U I jj clr ;j OJ I vti. ý . ý, J L

Jt 6 )J-il C. j :. JL J . 92jj I Jr J, A-1-r- I Cýt cs». ß. 1I

L! r: J I öýr. J ;. J-9 -J I &° JJ ci4.4 1414 LO '- Ibý1I

lo�g, ý öý rý I Lý x) 11k b 3J, U_. bJ ;.: S.. w L#; --, J C-5.. w v. -, o

0L4--.. ýJ ", *Lc [g] cS 3I j 4,, i

-J L JUt IfI Jt I£ 1e

. ). L4 Ii , ß.. äJ Ii k-k Ij jULUI Ii L aJ Iý yUI C*j ý. s-., -) IJI., t o-4 &6-4

J. ý I ir'rýL-11 0: 2 w, uoý I ý,...,. ý;... Iý .ijL1;. 1 awj

jjý i U---V I . r? 6L. Zzi- J, %. 4 Ii ;ta- ýJ I rý ý Cr° S--b14 4'. r; -)rte oLi výj

U"J ý. JAL J. 1l , >i, . ý. ý -t J, 1 : -I, ý I ,}i, . ýý Jý4 ý ýý Jt ý

A-U I ý.. v. rý ý... J I ý,:.. It

JW'l I

L4jj 4Sý3-j 4- --I(: ýJ. I- L; -) WUJ, 4--J I'WI

uj g 15ý-- "'I I U--A) &A

u. + ct-Aj It - ...; 11v:. '- c,... ýI j cSrilj ulre

Lri (. 04 LJIjJj, % ýJ I aJ IVA. U 1 a1,, 3 Li t. t_.: J IL Ji7? I ,ý

Lj 1 1. ýý...;. ý v. ° ýU L.. *. j lrý l... J I rlrý cdLxa i. ýp L

. JI ?L sjW I l4. L j 131:.:. o... ýJ IckJIj 'lj j *.. J UI l. p', l o. j,

r.. aý ýj ß,. 41 5Ue. La Ii L4; Wqq. LI jj.., JI[\"]J.; Ij *1

. au I r. Lr-li ,> IJSI

1.. 4.91 ij Iij _J ,S

CJ . h., o ,.. ý b= I,. ä. )1 , 131 L, i "JJ I J. º. j ri l

t. 8. ß ýJ I l. g.; l. 0.. ý1j

t., m: a., o cLrý jl: S*lIj J- I &) L: 2, . &A jL VIj . ý- I j. _.;... w ,L dUl

r; r-41 jj lAli . Au I 1, :r Z) 1 a_ lt j jia 1 1, x 11 4.0 1

Lt, -,, S 3J I LQ I C, hd Ij- l>. r ° L43j U., º> ýýr=ýý --j c. sO

i, 3. I ß, 5.... J XtJ 3 Zi,. v ýý) 131, " ý, LIý:,, e

Äe"ý A4.. s- L$j 4.4. u 4 Z) L... U 1-- týS Li iL0 1j1d. ý-

LU ,tj Jfi

l. ý! ý, ý; - &. I ,; i, ,. .1IJ, l ;; 4 U41Li Ii Jl I Ih ;J1r,.

I r-14J I-r.. I. ) I I? 1 &A ý. ý', LrLr- 4_3 L JJ I 1-- it "I öj c. s. Pº j t.. o l ri"

U-I, [ 111 vuJ I cý-ý-I . jj JJ-1I x, 11 ý, ý. ý. 1ý 13 sý

U. p>. rte 4; L- i rjlh. o ö,. L4;. o Z) L JJ j- vti. O Ij , 13.1 ý,, ,o6WIj.

Al V L. i I LAU -6j a4. ýbj A. "jl j eLiZ 1Aa,. j sLt c sxj

&. 4 t_ j'I.. JJ I ii vr° vWUv $J Ij JW IL S-'Ur>jj ýý'. r °

i cr r. 'I I e: 1: ß-1 0.. 4 At 4 Uj jWI J1.1 ei LSJ II 4 esU.

4. ýJhj v,. } 1; ; )L J ý: ý. lI.. jLj . ý:. = ;v LLi I. 3z�»

l-J U-U, > Ij r. ý,. o A. ""> v LJJ I v)hJ j-U 1-1 '_'1. ) r 1!

l... W 1L "' 1J 1«i '1.... U 1 J) c;, v l., e eb ' j. > I. i ý, h.. o >A -W Ij jWi,

jbvý; 6 , omj J---Ii rr. &. 4 -LW I, jWI, , lJIj - 3. I LJI Ii

ýý j. 4, ý,,.. ý.. A : >» . l.. a) I. i vti.. "J I _j - I,; i I, - _J,. ß.. )14 LJ1v 191 I_j v l... JU

ec a;.. _., ' 1. jj I j. 21 z>A z)-4 Ii 1 &W I (1. U" I_i Z) U) Iji, ki U-Z) I -!.,.,, JJ

Äj l h: ý 7-I ý 1... U 1 A! u. ; Z)_41 Zý.. 4 11 A I, 31 ý1 "'1I l frW 14 Ua1 v_e-i U

UaJ U *>ui, .3 LýJ 1 L.. N, bU Äjutj ryui Ji rj . >j b3L.. J1 'i

l. > J. 31 [1i] J4--j- cam' lJ .. Lt-ILrZ2V I v. ° Lt--b Uj C)t... aJ I JU

-11 v. L: J I ate, .. A

U JI OL. Ul AJU., L, ýA &. 4 rýUlj ej. 4

''"-'_"" Iý ä.. ý ý,, 1 I. ) YU. J 1.. xJ 10-, m 11

:!.: J I &;. &. 4 '. UJ U-J ICJ Ij r-. 1 1.3 r. 1) Ii '. wI.,. bi vi ; jt4uI j ;j

Lo j, %j -L--ii r, -- &-41ILJ II r. 1 1i A Uli . l_. WI l LJI vI,. ij LlJI

Loll 4-5ICJ1-, i vr. 11.3 t1J1) 3l.. a. ý1, .: ý zezL. J1 'i '1 vti..,.; J1 vv

Vj LJ lt 1.:. x. 1 &. 4 ýr . ý'ý &e..: J I ýr ° tdý . rte c tý Li Ir ; 'I

.... a Lt. II &A `"JaU. -r- ,,. , ß,.. äJ I vý, > A ;. c lI L- S 1..., J I 0 r. a

11 0-I JI LU

,,.. w 1.9111 vý,. ý. 1 r. ) 1. ß.. A Di b1.... x. 5 c, i I_i Y, 233 - I, i. J 1JL Z)t...: J 11

0-41I1 - l'i Ii Ou I

[1r]jj,. 3. Irie lz. e. U l., o LJ,. z [_) l. x. e ä)1. i al.. l I

obrJ IrU, -; i ä. x. ý, i J2: 4. Ij 612--11 I1,, % . x' ö, au

Aj L.,. -Jj Jz-1 IL-.. o Aj r-jj .

; ý-41 -,, o AJ 0-. Jj

ri ;. jj _*xj

l.:. J Ij j (. J I J.. J Z l. S 13 I-U Ii j I, JIj 6-11V I -0i c3 6j I Lo 'pro

rJJI g 0-, ° -, cc I.,..: x ' : ß.;; 1. r

Al v.,,: >> I L,; C'. q-, o al Z)1 JI oyr JI AJ a.;.. A

., Z eu5Zij .. 6i. Ii jb., J 1 oýý., ý 4 üi j1 ari,,. J 13j. .1 Lri »

J L-11 Ui ; J-9.. o ii al Lru4L &>. 1.4 r--j-9 ä.. W IIU

ý JXJ

J2J* -

ýýý. I o. ý, m ý lý., o I ýS ý

C, r.. 4 csJ I vß,. 3. I 614 v l. Moi 01 A. -)J Ic jj ric

14 j. ýc L1I L, g >. .A

al v jr>. J - äJß: -. 11.3 ", 1 I_j U. 121.3 -

c5J L4J I. 3

l. g. )I_, 4 LQJIi - uIi U-IC, ti,.: JIJ JISJI Lt J

l. o. z. cý I c. it.. ý vi r> c. sýý l, l I v, 41 u Ij u Ij l.. ij Ij

uJ. J.: ý. c : "ý. ý. ý. º UJL ; ti, ý.. JI c5 J

f, _ "

l, v º öý. ý.: J Iý t_g. ý csr ýt c -8 . r° Lo "ý l. o.;.. cýi I L; j-i

U236 JWI, J1 JI JWIj rJ Ij o;. o. gJ ý. ýid J. IU *S 1. ý i1

4; 1 ;. ýja,, J I LL%. pj U Ij Li i

I lu l, ejci 'r41 c. 0csr? ýor. 'C-IJCI. + L4Lcj-: ' 01 uý

4 vgl ä.. a.. ýv uýl 1.4J cSt'. w. Ct L-- ei w

Iti L4-6-týj

-ka. 41 li A ILJ li rýu li 0,4 li kw I Uki t-, ý ý du.. o

ý., .3 0" 1 Lg.; l vvJ I Li - uy, JI L ý,. i OLJJi lg.;

ý l.., J J I[ 10) L 1ýý;,. 3 I, J 1 L4 - LL 1J1ý., ýJ Cß1 lg.

0--o' U ýlj r)UI Li uýi 1i (.. A. ' ajA rr 4 '-ýA

6 Ali {ýJ I 'r° ýr° v ci. I c5. ß t. 4i I. Vlg. r° &r. L 1. JU 1

L, 3 ýý rJ l fail L,. ti bA

'vom c. sý-' ö r'ýý ` uJ I L4. Jf ý� JIc. ý I ý°-ý:

vti. O Lt - U. I-LJI. 3.;. ý;.. Lo ;. % J W, -oj+

4li,, ' ,=

1..; j Ii (s I; JIJ JICJIj - LJIi . LW Ii (: -j Ii aCß. 1ii aLa1I-1 -: j Ii . 1.. i,

Ij I CU III C,: 4 Z)I cýI L 4.!. j* L;. º jj- L4; 1

vL blI +ýF LW Ij , LW Ij L WIIB ýLiiI v,, >1 Z) :.. ö; tlj . 1.3. Ij

I I. Lrz LA ä.. n.;. ä 113 L#a ß.., Z6. III awt 1-LIL ý; L" Li dL-

JU 4;. 4 C, 4i; V

loci Ij . lam Ij -l. Ij R LW Ij vi Ij .L ; 2J I. 1=. ß ua-;. , b. k,,; + WJt; l, g., výfi

ý11pý11 ý: c a13Jj I d. g> ýJI lgý ý1. ý. , )1.. ý, 1J! ýýt ý. _, 1. ..,.. a .. �., l. hýIj

t31..: JIv jr> (. A a.; b lr.. JJ I j. 1, ý U 14:.. o c;, tiý ulc 11 'I

vt. ýJ I v, i i, j U. m. j v; ýa. ý. ', a, vLB I , s1. ý., [1 ̀ ý ] Le l. g.:.. o, ý. ,, ý7? I'

jUu'i vl, JJIvetäJ.. Q,.. ý.. Ac :*-w ; tlot 1I I. La 6 ä. i. ä: --- II, vWlju Ij

lJ Ii i I, J Ii a'I I v, ýi ä &W Ii .U1 vir0'i d1... ß-1:,. JI lg.

a'lI I, ý

lJ J I, 4 b I- l. J I (s jJ I . s. I I ,,

it UI J-J dU LJ t: ý IL j

ý, :. ýý j. c L4.. 4 viii Ivj,. > U= J

eIA-J lj 10,

ZSý L-4-: -o o. >Ij JS C)l. S 111 '11 i: Jj -L oj jjw- z). ß V ;; yl: J ILJ, 3.1

I'. LJIJ -j- Z)j. ý

dui) vL.. J ýý cS Iý Iý aLJIä aJ I ýýr>ý - lr, +-e 71 114L3

Lk U-P. C, ý. 6

I jU-, J riJ I Lsi .a'j. Ui I_1 [1Y]'_"Il. o. m j

ý. , ý. ý. JtL: j t,. 8. ß., 0 j eujJ, I. U, I ýý.. c A UJI cli -11 I, I. wl I

ý,, ý, ý I L8; j 6-d ýA I Ui L1 .5 t�ß. 1 I�j

J-j aus 4W Ijjl. ýx rýu

ýJ ( I, Ij e ýtS, sJ ýý.., a1 Ia rj c5,, ý.. ý.. +ý. ", v r' sýý - .u ýS., ýº ý, ý�a Iý

!)I .x -)

I i, v,. .tiz.,: J; M iJU, r->u i , m, i, __ ý, .ti, r)u i

. Gl L Ä. U a.; jl w! j f ryll Iý. o üJ I ýyý I ý. 3ý. ., NSt

. ß.. w1 uy. all yr ! . ý,,.. e (vr> . ýý ýJýtl jA, _, J-P j, - csJ (i

ý1.... ý i v-° Wir? ' Lº-Bý Iý c}-S j.; -ýU III r. l_J Ij iICJ I -UjS-s eýý.

LSJ; 1": Iý r-1 IVIU,

l. Aii rJ l. o4j. 4: - f,., awl f fsI ý: 1ýI cSr;

L4; 'l e. ILJI r-Ul c. Jl jj-ýl j. Al j-ti

7t L41J owl 'b J1JI

441 .ýý,. ý 4: U3Jj ä:. z 11 1,4.;, 4 c1-1 . ý. ý vyJJ . JJ ciý, r'

r l. g. ýtý, oiý vß, 3.1 ýýlh, o sS3 I lg-, jug ýý (. g.

" J--S. JIr-'-' L.. .. '-i -. ui : JIj vLJUW J WI

,,. I ruboII J

JJU Ii yl - Lt ýI ýjl flu -1 &Qj A. AJ Lý, U I

131 4L4 . 31 j, -rý ';. * Ls. 3 U, Z)U, "I §. bj rUi"'31 u L.,.; Äe La--.

: ý.. c wJ I O1.... JJ I r.,.. 1 I "ý.; ýl äý lS

ö. ý Iý j,, M z: v z) jy . r>. 3

ýj A; -4 LW I

3 aU Zj

týj U

bli ruz*ll

C-, -J*j-:

j I AJU 6j Lvo 4. JU

I-L, bII CLý

dul jssl .j. L; IS

Lr; Lru- Lt i .,. ý. ir of i 01 ri [\gI L-Ai

in. c yý, yý ý1 I A;. 4 ö. ý. >Ij Lj. vU L4 UU &.. X LJS

6 41 I, rSS, 1r.;, L "4 13 , L5; l: J I,

__ , 1110 b l: 4Ii s ý,. g. m 1;. ýý ýr ý. gý. ý. .ýIý,.: ý, aº I. ý t

1.4. L4 5W I) J-1-11 r. r. u ;j4&. U-Is US III 6y ! 161

vr. 43 J-t-J-9

LqJLAO 4-+j 61ýul Sj.. Z

jl ALj L* Cý.

c5ý cr U Ii it allb Atij Jt., Sbi aL-, -týj

&. i ý:,:. ' !I ýý r> ) L- ýJ-° Ä4: 4i L*. i ' L2-AJ

. r8-ýý ,a 154 I. i

i: Sl., vyJ v lSJ alp vlp. ýr. 1 (ji 9 e, ýS 4 yu j Lgj iJ, ý X11

c vJý` tI6.6 ýýý1 Iý U' IIc; Ujs. j l. A X-a ý. ý. o Lr4j JJI J-_3

ý.. ýc. s., ýJ eau z. 1.. 111 L41 L1a... ý. u ý,. 1 aalt b, r ýý r. 1S.: ý ýi ýb lhl

Aj -+J. J &a j5ý

1. ßj "U1,; ß:..; i0 J Lx--o 4, i5 rlS<. I. U 1-*1 j lJ

L. -p,, 45J Lx, 1 1.4. g. ß U 11, jJ c,; 5 6 L. ) L a1ýS [Y"]c; .bLtI

A.; 'I jaIj vJw- c . l- -

, ý,; Id ýý:. 1I vJJ-I L1ý ýJ U-. I ,, rJS.. ý. U

jj. >; 94it-* ü L5 Z) U j-, -> r5-> Lyi C-4ß-i zem Lal , zeýý , 4ei. J-, ai A. j 'I üc IUa gý. jL3l. S CL 0 Ij x,, 5J J,; -, j

üJl er.. cý VwLy, ýIýJI ýl. 41 ý11

ýj J>-j -; r- 4. J L'i ruA, us UN-;. j rt v, ýsýt., Cit, s dulo rýýýi

ýýY., bJ oA Lj &. A `ice. r. j

ý,. n ýi A.: j ; 4%J 1- iIl. ý t3 j d.. I -b rd ji jt? j rz A4j t..,. l ; -Wu

JJr> j. J; -, j . uº1..,. ýr; l 3ML ou au4 j j41,11 c,, JI w a-vo l-L 4I

ýýý! (L : ý. cY! 1 i3j isrjij ci1., 3 A. a r ILjYI L 3I a, ý, ýº3j 4... ý5..!!

. uzt Ji `ISS (zu j. au 3 Ju v. ý

J) U Aj. )V I Co IS U Ij l ýý--ý . r! 1 JU A-i rUfILo

Lri l. a. l ! 4%jI a. -., Ij ,,;. L y WI Cp rj ;:. % CJ., V .6 CZU 3I [v% I

-%Iv. 1l.. os 4-1-t--j L4J Z. -4j I4LJ " WI A:....: ý1131 .X v-a "I. JI

Uj le ; SýW Ij AJ Ojl.;. b

AjL*-olj L4" Col OKj Ltg j

r.:... 'I 3.. 'J4 . J, &j x:. 1.3 1 b. i I, I,, L ý I, }:.. 1 jwa. l yS ýºi. s Y La ý: i15

J-ýb. LIUr1 1J.. tcrO. l4 ,) UIj-O,. Jlj01 " JA &. 4>. j vA

yj JL JS L Ur L"auS; JI, rjI SI I, J-- _, I,,.: Tv Ali.. 3 VI ukr.

vt1 u ; U, I Al cjls. ýU Ijr1. L, 3711 vw.:... i ý I, ! S, ýI uS L 4J J.,. 1

OIS`3r; y 1, >1... cji, .. T . ß4 j Uj Lp. jL): °. jLC- . 4' AJ_1,3 U! ji, ) l v»

LA ; 4v 1001 U-n3i r LL3-Jlj ! S,, Jlj 4ziliJ L4jj rwvý J. ýý &J. 1

6 sj I ji., , -.. L, %

ýýtj C)i Aj ,,.; ý r-0. qj, ýj I U. 31 . V; , Lýl Lr

OL; L4-ß ir* !-ý L4-*-4 vom' 9 J-3 OSI 0-. * L) I üt; vrs YJ " U.

, Lr; J)U- ýu - U6 AJI J-. 3 &5LA ou il -o &A IvvI- L4JI

. Oj vj. j Al. 45 -+-PO ýJ3J rU-1Y1

'! r" Ld %r-'-:

c. r: V-f J? i is "J, ri L 4U 1 4-: -wß ir'j . r-UI 0-41

0ý ýjtt- J41 Z; kj rLu yU ;., SL. ,1,; 41 JUiI L,. i A.:. &! * �I-z JýLWI

UI ziloi :; 41. j, ýL: S" " Li c`7UI L,; ýJI J1

01 L, 1-6 31 ,. 1 ultjb. 113r"ß lbjt... -. -# I, ;; SL.. " 1, .; 41

IJaº , ý.:. L L. j i,. %4 I t. I 3.3 4 *3 3"L; J IJ

ý:... ýýIU ýjU. . j;.: P, L. W A. . wU QUA , : JI uLr.

1. I. Jýºý ul,; r. ý-, : ýýV X13 ý..; ý. Y

. _. , ; mss J Llh, J __ i CJJ Li J

L el Lxl. L I ri vti o. J l:.! Ir LL f L,, J I L....; J L ý, .! I ý3 jam' 1I.. j ., ýr I

, r'. 6r. -i ',: 3 l. it: j ý. r. ý c rj r. 4A: - l. _31 :; X+ cr1. c jr-t

v Ki Ii iuj Ii a LaJ Ii vL: J Ii vtij Ii I I) Ii i ICJ Ii r. - Ii , U. Ii UIU, >

eý Ajý, b jam- t .ý, - r*111, . J1 :. _, jU L. & aUJ. l. $. -1:. , -U. Ii ICJ Iý F l. g) Iý l. ä.. I Iý vtiWI-j -u Ii c-U-11

Lv l> t LOP výý iý:.. ýº , ýý e r: -c aý ý,.. cJ Vj ý,.. t. ý, ý,.. ý. ý i-ia. c cs

ý lhJ Ij z 1.21 Ij vti., ýtý. ý! Irt. u r41 AJU IjI, rj. A I fý, j f6j Ij vvºJ ij. LW ij

131 ZH., 5. U 1 &., L 1- ui uz) 1i L<J 1 u3 i LU 1 %J 1 ; -ký i

3r. j j r- » ý. ý! ý 4.0 -'-Uli r-: -c 'i v L; j l J.;.. " l-4

r-Q U : r° jI r-5-u Iij v. A.. J Le j &5 L, Atj jwI PS lt e IJ. U Ai Ii j4. ' j C.

Ki I J-, L!

r" 1) in .b j L41`16

aj b j: La lh� ,1 ; At j . ue 1ý :,, I OL <j

A-i Ij;, JS J Lsi

Ls1 j,, IV Ij t. 3L I Jä. ß v.., ilI .. °j rtsz*1 L

,,..:. r ý..:.. ý, au U&... J. S C-, ý U l-L+ rUz-1 L

UI Ljº j .. a! J I j-. > j[Yf. ] c, ý ICJ 113 U. I ýrý . t: 1 br 1, L L Lr 1k, -.

t wI_, jIUI, t LJ1, J1JJI. i bt- JI. i iL JIB '_ ̀ I, r.. _41' iL<JI. j jWii

I!, % r.! s au. -O lg U. Ii r--1 Ij o rJ Ii ryU Ii - IL J II

r. -- *1ý ý. ý .ý

14k LI, U jI U. r-o J j"Il I &5. _+ ýJ L

c -Si r1- ir---' jZ.. 0 Cýý- ý, ", `&a&;. i, ' a

.1IL. + L$ -.. )U U1 613 vtJ.: ý Irl.. c ýiC ej'- - u1ý,,:.: r., ýý I e: ue

, l;. J I ire r. r j G. -s-

4ý.; Iýi. ib I. u. L-j Lob j .I Ij j_,. u., It -a l. 5 aU 1 L5j»

9J--r- !J Jj r

ß.... a:. 1 I LJ., c C, s L-0-1 "44 < -c -2 Ii -1 L-4-. J . r. EL-. -

ýJ U. ÄJ. >3

WU- G1ý l' j KJ 1

i Li. ý jUiW1 Löl-9

4Jj3 . lau ý.. G. 1ý ý6J.

m OL' " sLe, w' JS P-j JS

ý. S ýý, 16J. ý. a 6 JIII U LA jUJ i -Li l lSJ I lah A4;., Ij a1

\x, ly.. iULaüLý. i�c1".,: j uu, 11j

LU cr- ºý ý rr 4. r3 r>j

No 4.0 c l.,; -poe 'b `ß, J13 a_J Ij L<j I j.; 3 u &5.. ou

aJUI y, t. WI jWI J1J, iLQI JUJI r UbI [Vol ut. uu

;.. M I :... LP U l. A-41 L4 &5.. w 111 LAj L411 iic U Ij Cpl I)I4

AU1.3 '_`1 l$ -o ýUý, _. ý. 1 L»1.3 -k us L t4: Le 1 t1:.:. 01

c ý, W JL 4J, 3 3, etw' 141,. E ,

.! j1--J 1J I ß,. r. 3. I c,, o.. c Aj ýrkl I cS. U Iy jLW I vt.. '. J IL

ýJyý i . W. 11 l8 l9 c, t.: JI (ý- , ý. >Iý .rý &A L. gý j 441 ., i

äUýj a:. c L;. u; J I &J I (X' s Lci) IcsjIj lam;

. u, ý,. JZLLL" iL-j G-ill i Jim

1.01, - výgý., J u T, ý, . WUI , rte jý1 JU Lail a:, s jjj

. r8-ý''ýý - r. - ýI ýý-BýL, ý uýsJý . ý-r aJ, ý3 vL; J I lg., ý. c lý l.., c l

Lei % e.. -1 "'i 11-4-..:. ý v; 9,

O L. ma �,; >91,41 §" fJ i

Ls), ir- c5Ae.;. 4I &c 4.. t it. jil (U3 CSJJ ;. VI ä:, tyIj Lltizw

iJ Lk ä ft, - u )U l. g.; )1ýI j L4i 1.; l' &%2J I v. ° c5. O fb1...: 2J I j.: J Z)U ýrdr

&L !JI LrIA; vl; bpi li I[YI]J L4

: '. 4 L2JIj �LUJ JJ tJ

U. Lrl. c ý.,:. it- &. 1 ä. U-)

L5Ill 1 4'-ý. 5u &%. i l Le iJ - I-9 lI äc'ß I üJ,. t ý,. ýhJ

Aj.. ýs'

L; Ltt-l ' IJ I

ýIt.. ý11I cS

cS, ýi '. aI O"Ji v.,. 41 l-. g ::. ý vc. U I v. ) U.: JI t; n..: J I) zst., J I lt. ý I :. Ic. j

v., ° äl,. c cS. r; -IILýiI{ is JIA -ýi "'"I,; r° 1. g. ý U

u Z) S, +J IjI Z) .. jI

Lji j,,. >i d...,. ý l. gj.. - U is 13 I l. v. gý UJWIL lý .r lr ý ýI ! J-Z

<: U3 ZUG 4r+ 13J I 3,1 . "3 c; W- . u. 1.... 1 1 o. + 4U-

J-4-4j AJ_fJ cr' v' 1U IC. j r_-z 7I IL Lo c: *--j I

Lob r. -c 71

y ýl y, o . a. ää; at yý 1. c11, )ß

. r: -t 'J 'v Lärý11ý

, yý j' . 1, m l[Y 1( ]

JI ýý r.. SJ1. c. sý cs, -Z jp il j.;. 3 Lo vý ou

.c lý: - al 1: j �aJ 1 aJ, ý. ý l-J 1U LO lam. 1

ýý - 44e., "1 UJ `4-U3 -. )i iIi %k

ß: U3 £W ,; w° "J. ý-+ . JICJI Loj r. -.

ae. -ý, 4.0 csý 111 u3i

ýýýI, r 4., r+ 4-43E WI

c li, - -1 w ll I `v a . ß,. P., C,. 4 j"uC, J-1 0" ul.

4.0 'iJ -J -I " .1 L<,. ) j IIy 4-4. i (, 3 I; J

l<, jj `, ý LQ Lt Sjr. g l i,. ý 1ý. ý,

0, "J, ys LO "L 2iI &' - ,. r. c "I a, Lt-'j I eL , a. +4 v�e-t lr.;, c 411 L,;

6&5, -vou. I;. > . W3. ij bj RC-ýUrýjII A4. j C. 0 t'. ß4 I u',,

dU SJ Ii L- V1 WI uj VIJ ICJ I J. 3

J,,. ,t4 to &5, - IL- j----l; ,ý Jß-0 tYA] rk-v L:: t I

ru. I : J. x-;

u4 J 1.0 1rUýI ZLrj 1-i C.: j jl-vJl _,; ý &. 4

Lol ;j al. 4 .

Lr Jw, r- �i

4 . sý° i t* ,jwI «)4. L I ä. ß. c L41-1 .rtI ,ýy.;

F t.:. 1 I L4, - du 1 J,. gj Uo joý

I-1 CW I :,. A ä oJSJ I CO U: J 111: 1 L$ WL

-Vý, I ;.

r!, z Vý ; ýz L

ý. >o '. u2j 1

C. S3 j ;. A ld,.,, I &ý; ýU Lt.

-. ý.: U

.u1, u ,Oäu,

u'1. - 4, j l. ol - 44. � 1 ý5'L., isk ciU "J i 'r.; l. g.; J 1

ä r.. SJ I ; iJ r1 (jc 4'ßj jL4111 L;.. j tk L-.; o : ýjU

4, ý, ý l., °iý ". ýý.. ý1 uj I�3 C) .u 1j . 4: U 3 o, }S1I jWI Crjj

i,, l tý - JL4J IU Iý ui,

ut: J, . J, 3 ILsj riZ Lr4.5 I, JL4i ?

ýJ, ý L4U - r.; u l,.. l Ii öj.;.; J Ii "r v Lt4 L 4. r' . rte Li, W

j LA **j I a,. L.. &Ju ýý, I» J1 I, r ý[ if g], öl. S;. ll Iv; i. 3

4jS Lqi -WIL. ýj'- da- U- I 01, t4

all .. _j

ý AA.. ýj CýU ý; i

yýl. ä.:. 1 IrUi ý1 I :, ý. cjLL - ,..:. c -1 1 j.,. ýJ h LJ I "ý! lý, äS. ýyl. 1 h

LU4. >iLfii ýcLJIu I4-9.3 c5iJIcsjj -c

t, o Lw a. ä ltb91 Ij vo. ýaý, ° as i a. i ýlg bpi I A;,. . ý1 L a:, i ý_ "

AJ, Lo ILv; j'. U- I U. ýV I A} Jj Uff. IU Lj A-4- u

,: J L-, -J 11 "1j. JCýu+ ýt. t UL 4y ý' ýTý. w

ý Ui-, - ö. ý.:, J I L-4j U; I ý. 3.

Y, i rL I J, , `y ... tv [r .]o, i, 7 "' cýi

6%.. uIý h It

la. sh"U, ci h1 Jh

le C L; ýJ1r.. )li-JI'Ij4Ic s3 I_l 1uI bi l1 LL J6

:, ý, "J, 3 lg.!. b U Ij! Ut,

: act . 43 ,4 . all ý. j - X61-%.

j. 1 i ui 4J__ ,L

vj>i W1 L4-9 -r., hi I l.. 4t 3 l. o.., dlLý

"'I "J U- I Uji V ß: U 1 .JI. U 4j j _j L

I. jjjj

lC. b l. tJ, "ý' u jjj Arts c sý tJL+. J! ýj r. -a 111 Wý-! i) .iAo Lv3 j lýý ýý

LW I JJ- 1 14. j

sr xlI L{I. ýJI ý. UJI ̀tU I Urj ,,:.

c '°r. _. m1ýºI 4..., ö w. ýJ,

4J. j-6J, IsI 4-bli J) IL1, - Y, lei I j,,.,. I ice., LAs

`ý ý,: ' l-° c? -""" iý ý- ý-$. -, ""ý ý, SJ , rh-. ý, ý [r1] JJJ I c; U_jt. J

. 4-'0

'ß. 3. I 4L-9- 6 I)1 .: ý I 'Zý Ujý?

ýA. 4*11 c. U 0_15ý. Jlj Cý-Uý

; 1.. oUl

4--. bu r-)J I ul - 1. ý, lc. 41" L, wIy Iics `ýc. sý -j

Via ? ýý ý'a Lxel L4LJ Lo JJ, III - I, J Ii

J. c)i rwi Z)U

J-*wjj Yj JA-' .

4. -.. ke ý lý ýý J ý'r°ý ýýý

_) JU Lý LA; 4, "j JUj

"ý ., J. "ßtä, . ý; t3.1, J1 i., Jl i ö. º�o J Iii, L a... cii . uff

ý. ý.. 1 LS rUI rS.. > uj ä. 1g1 Ii . L... p U. 5I i, ýI I vt. ý jJ uj

ÄJ_j _4>j tU1. i r*JU 1 4., i - L&L-l-b G Ji ji- 111 U D_41 LA-9 -, e. lJ 1 _, i

ý, 4-8-., a ̀ecs,. ý '

ýv 3L" 31ý si r `výý vý ý. if

i-u u"j- .4 , }ý-ý t 4, va is, L[rv

, rat yýý ýv U-Q L: L4 j ". J Cp%: j AJ.. *S VIA.. g--ýý \' av ýý LSj

butt j1 r.: 2J 1 : >t "'2 4. J. 3 ii lý L. b r. JA du 3 ß,.. c 31 u U' eij 4: ß.: s

Airý L& W-ti r-J

I L41 ý* r -i I .I

J1.3 rýu

I L'i Z)-ýj I

ru. ý I ;. w I Lqý YJ LL

. iv : ýj. SL JL rcl "J. i . yam 4. U 6 J,: ý I3I -UI

.ir Cu di

1; lac Ij l; m 6at a13, LI. '. 53 J, *lI,. J. Z 01 Clý! uLa: l I

4. . rJ -6o 1j JI

(. 1 L5J l&. ý bh'. U1 61.3 LHO . g-! J l. ý ri

ii r-J i UI rttbl 4J .v ti, ý:,, ý "ý. ý .

wi Lj rAi L. 1 Jl rUd 3l> Uli cU . ý, hti

ºj (W. U. ;i J- j-0 rub*ll LO 4. l; ý -4.1

;.,. ' _, ý_, [r w] rL ýI LL lac Iý j-LJ 14U. i. S

i &, 4. p 01

.3 Z) U.. aýýA öJiU1 Ly ijt., o! '° tV Is °. t J)&I., '°

N yý 9»

pý. ý,, s. * JW1e,... SJ J-2 U

U ý*1 1i, jj jil . IiU. i JL rUaVý 1Ji ,

c: WJ bJ:. c 4U t&J oýý ý, ý5.,. º

J. y o1 e i,. CU -rl. c VI &A ea>I j U. L I. W I Lr; 1 J "to. L lý a. r;. >

X11 l. ý 1 L4J L 1ä., e ý,,. ý lo 1 'rte c. sý

LA. j v, > &.. ei JJ L>%. al jJbl.. A Z

c j"--. bl., ý; L4 Lruýj Uýý.. - ký. Vý i

I JAI Aj -11 &J Lo

J-92-;

rý ý- I &. 4 JJV I v,. 3. IrU, 31 j. 0 . 3r. -Z &1 ý�oºý 01 AJJ I 44 l ß, 1r I,

i1 LJi-, 4 J7 L>jý Z) lS-9 JJri i1 Ä. U U le1L-. 0 ii) 1. ý:. ý at

0 l.. g ý. ý. C ; Jib Z5,., l aw LJI bý; uvl11. ýý.. v.. ., e 'i . [ft]

; S, 3. (L-LS C, rt vt mJ IC :,. A a. j ll rjtJ Ij -61.4. x, Ij Ujj öj L. Ii

' . r} ý l>j: ý j j'I I j,, ß. 10 V0 lß

lJI cs ij .l il 4L .4 c4 III r. .! Ic., j 4I J 1,,..:. ;a -1 duisi 4, t-ä

d- W ILO J: .3of1.., 10111 c; 5, ß J1 . l. 8 Jý:.. JII

. ýrý.:.; :JIv LI I J> 1

ill l5 S,

01 UX. -. -WU - Crt-ýj CSLr- CS; ý LLI 01 A. Ul dWj rltýj

c. jo cs, U 141 UjI. ý. ä., o ý. Lc t: S.. t vtiJJ 1j il I

üý &4; A 4>6 III c: U lj

vr. ýJ .UU uS1.. ý, . 31 oLI- "_ "4ýIjcrc. jj cSLv

u J. aa;. 4 jc' . rte csý

vA JI [rc 1 L, JI J; pi Li AJ_; ZS aUSj lm tI:, W 1 JjI _ý

C. 4.11 A....: ýj 1L i I,, J l3J Js -L

----- 'JS d. J 3 .UIj, y . ýc a:. c L;. u. ýi c5». ýl I ,. ºz yi Z)lS.. ý ýý JI Ljý

; bjj 1 c, s A.; r. CSj -)

Lq. ºlj . Al" O., I ýl_..... }I jxj A-41 Ji Ili l, ý v, ° &6-=- -s-P. tSifl

cs=w. ý-"J I bt, 3 ý.,, CJLa 4... 9., º _,; i Z)U i I, ýJ I it 1 C-4 ., alb

i. +,. > Iý ä. o. S ö,; ý. ý1 { . Ll I v,, ý' v j5ZA vl _o . : L13 ýJ,. c oil j Ls3

4, _i., I LASO 4., i Zk Uz . rk i1 ;JIw! S , Iý... º

a Ui JIL, J

W iJf . yc. J 4ý i. ý " J"$ : `w. ý (jai A. ý

ý. ' ý7ý. J Iº1

ýýýrý(J1vs La1Jt-. -*It4J1 I dU3. : ºý - ltICyAj

ßyJ I Cj e14 CAA aý UI öb V1 'ý cSký-: 1) cý-ý cS»ýJ ( rý c s.

1 ý., ým: j A. ýJ!

%ý ,ºy.;. o ö Le) a: - aae j . -)1 , ß.., J I CJ Lo 4" &I 4... tß! ] ilti L, r. U I

t `ý ýrý c. ý I :ý ref Iv Iý ýj., a. 3 - cS>> s31 0 ýý oil .UIi

Uj Lr; 4J

A t. J JJ Lc fRL,.,, JI v-°j S.

J,,.; j l ul J u1ýý 1 oý I JoLL LJI ý3

- L.; 1 Jýý I vi ,ýI XSý - ý.. a. 'a: l lS ý: ý 1 C-r vü. A:, 1 Io l+ý

J-1: 2-; Qj Ja! J l .., >j

ý+ vtis. ýJ ! J,: ýº is LLSJ -er. - ý '&T, . ii, riü. 1li 4J, )i .

ýý ý 'ý--. -äýý -

;; Aý 1. ý, ý. ý.: ý'ý.! Lä ß L° ! ICI ýl JIB l_JI 31

. dus A., Aj

j, 3. I J. 3 Z) LS 111 rJSJ I ,, } l il ü. Lz Lý I (). U I l, 3 äß'J IUj

&-ýj OUj A-'Sýý jj-; -l e-U! L. SJjj

C)ýUjj ILJ ijr> J-A 4JXý jýl

jj*SýZj OjA. -ý *o-j Z)L5,.. 'Vý

[rV] öýLojI 1 '�m, (: U3 1... J. Ij yLLJIj yWQIj

'r ýý LJL Lb Ii:. t IA1, ý a, ý.: ýt Ij e, ý41 e1 LS 4: U1 JI OJr> 7

;z U3 au L., ) I

Lt; l I cc, s. w dU S Li ; iii r. k -, J I ct-L, ß.. 1) ýy: ue , mac 3ý . "V: Pj W

Io g-WJ1, O. A. ":, JI W, 1IA -sx v. 1. dujj 4. -}olI C roc "1 . UI J

ý; ý. o dU1 I jl:. > I L, iI y_. c aý ý, ýr o Ls; flirt 41 L.,. i2 j% ju - Lvi

. ý! Iyr . bý. ä,, ýº v., o v,, o VIe&,. o.. h-J ILri 6ý. J I&A dU1 U .bI, ý I , r.

c: U3 rIX. U. tcsjWI 12

A12-4 j b. ß:.. 4 vttý c. sU. &. LJI A-t. j. 4 L; JU I .U 1j

ý-4 J1 14-; a i. le <. W Ii vJ LJI Vj :ý bj yIj. J Ij

!It.... gJ I ..; j v-° jU to , o° All I_t . ß. 1I ;. 5 l, ý c; ý.. c : 711

üL o jl b Z) IS Lo Jj'ý 1- .r1... ý1 ,. Jji Lr1,. c L. bj L PI-91 lAj iý I Lei

f. VI 4ýýl r--Ul 143 jLýj

týjjj r--4 J-L4 A--: -ýr &. 4 Aiýjj j_--l ZýU

. rte v-° äS, ß aJ,; jj vii ä)U LJ. c bi lV6WI

ý2 13 ;j -i ir A']

--- c4j Lo IX 6,4 ýj1. p 1 y. h

ýr. cyI r-g., A -1.571I JAI :.. ct.. > 6... m1 114, j ý-e ry Aj LJ

uLxr o3L

j'J J, ý Ab... ºji Jj>1 Z)U

r-jJ 1 14i 61 ýj L6j 61 1_) jp.,; Z*ýý LrLr- 63 Lý, x Z) Lý Lo 1. ) 1 r. X I

AJJ Li il IöL. ý l ciL, ý ...; -i o _, ý LrLc t. J, J-j 1I }i

. ýyJI

c r; %ý' ý. ý1 1 g1 vý-l-- 0-4 LS 1.., d Lqý

Z) L5U 1.. 4.: L_ý.

""" r-. L .. J L

LrLr- e, ý., -ö-, tie.;. e,.:. c l.. o. c.. u Z) lS LA f,. g''°. ý. '

t i, Lp, L .., o i 4..,. m. Lo , ', . psi , rý. ý ýýi ý "w

j. oJi [rg] �ý.

[ I WSJ t1.; "'I I Lr; ý. s . L! Ij +I ii I vtj of r. oj. ý 10 Vj

uý:. SL. JI -LW I, jI. I. -, Ii L

c.. si aUl j AS. csi-I ý c%: -ý cs: J l UI . s,. ý Lt- 41

it i 4. ý ji AJU Iý 14

.j IL, ý J-1 L-4 U

.r . r_' (J 11 L l. g.: i . ý!

1Z) 1.3 4 . r> .C1.5 L.. z 1 (> J. A ýt;. W 1 Jr J1 ýý, ý 1 ý,, m 3.3 - -t.; _ _A

1jA uLtjJ JJ I iJ 6 I-W I+rj. L*.. e joi "_" LJ I, UW IUI eWi Lv;

ums: 4-, 6rjJ Jj' IL: -;. a} t, I ýýr. ý ).! 6 L. 5y j ; _f11 . _s I

JUa 1; -IJ a. ?. jI Lr. -c. _oj Lh -' JU .I c5 ý

�Ii > ý1. ýi. LIý ýro. c . y: i . IJU-

&5 Li 1, u 1

1, i '1 4i Ij ý) 1 il ö L4J 1i1, i 111 ' 1S j,. c L1b1 '4JJ 1 ewi r, L 1

6 ', t L ,i1. U C4 ts . 14ý, s e. JS r rib*1 ý

w. u (, 1 1.. ý'ýý v1 31 I, L'am' Aý o J-P%"

ju Ij ICJ I »A_c &I ,iUIr (Al ; 1111 b Lk- "US 4-ti t. "J'.. 46 J

; -%.,

j dU 1 U. -rj r. ý>JJ ;

-4jtý AAý U J3-11 tl_ý I;

o--a-4- US &. 4

1' LJ 1c s3. i ý"- - -ýý; l,. oý J1 A' ýý 1 "" 11 ö,.. t 1)L, ,4iý

suit i, o ýu ýýý1 -, j,

- `. I JJJ Lall Jl> ,; --U;, 'A

Z) A I, "�, j I �j-i - L.. i1 Pell' (. º I(J `% er�ý; ; ß., J.:. 1 1 ý,; j

r-<,, iji ,,,

-. LL. ij t-ý Ls. # ; jl L.. -vLsi I., Z. I J. ýz LjI

v wýa__ csýý -

L. "' &5 ý L' Iý L:. ý t. 4, I ý.;. r t.. ý.., l

, ýojl. r. a. ä ý, ý5..... J1 '1 JLL ý1 L . -b - &.. >ý ý, ýº Iýl I a: uý ,

4. I WI . 4,1 ý.. ý l. S "ii., J a_3 c fl J AA J ;5J.. OVIJ

tl - I, rºl> J4 L : ý.; L; öyo o- )5.., ý[t\1 výS,,. w11 X11 iý. S, ý- I e-Aj

i.. g .; 1;, Z41 . a. ý. I ý. k 1...:. ß. J A.; L Ui I t_.: J I

Li; J, "i 10 t, l-�o t. -ýIj aui tß. 1 I-4.3 a. IJ i

ýh VN

Ji ýý, !. ý ý., I, rl i ý: J Iý - ö;. ý. J 1 ý,. a I lA. g. t l iý 1�ý iý; ýt "J. ý. w

ems' J, . p; ,j

aI a . c-i -, L. ºýýý r. J. re uj ÄJ. si W. a &. y° uu3.3 ý. ML4- Y

[A u U. "A uIt,, rJI,: r te -ý-I,. I I OJ I »J l u. o e. uc OJ YJ WI cs. ýj

LO öJ1 J41 1

öJ. oj. p v Lx- °L, a,. I, ) I a! Aj .. g.,.:.;

J-1-01 JJU ̀i tI ( III v. ý., OIº. ý,;,. c

uJ., ajI ah..; 1, i I e, xsJ c,;. om J,: tý ;; ---4J ILr; "J J., o I "? a

- 4u l4 --2 i1 ej; -cý jm 0...: 1 j

ý l, ý. $J I. c, ý.,. hý. º r4--, ß zi 1, vý ly ,)I r4-. ix- cs'. J.! ýý, 3I Le L41.3

(_s iJU

ulS, I uIL%41 ui, 3ý ýrý cs-: I vt aae I c5»aiI . r'-t

L° ý. rý cs: I vs as Iirec. wo J1 LSA &56. w. 1I 4 J1 ,

H -. 4- 043 1.. ýS c-. Plj Lk,.: 2-sA 4ýý )Uj -, ý---- u-11-t 04-z-o -U Ls-:

J I CJ I- -* '- '- --i 11 )6

4ý L, o1J - 3I c:

uiuU cSu'.!

j 1 LR-'a : if

cs» jJ l ,,. -r

Z, eJJ 1.; III ýrý-ý cal vt cs-ký. r. jI &J. I &r- csJ» x, -41 ý, veil,

Jr -1. x. 8. _3 c.. aý. ý. t1

-1 4Le>. $ ; J-4i 1 Ji> ý). A L) e--x- (-ri. ,L UJ-r- L--w* i. ý41

yL+ O' 5, .J1, J Iý uu LS, I

ýJ U !! SL, L lo. gb) I Oo r.. tLoj J4ý

. tlI 41iß ; L. JI [1

&5 LJ I uu

r. -ý (>4 14. $ &5L-, Jl .º ; o. gJI &ä bl ý, dr 1 bI ý. Jr. I

, JJ J `Jev, l c1 U, I, 'iII,, ý - t. ý. $:

JZ ýJ 11

4J & I. ýi, t4' . ':.. a i, rUZV1 &5,, -. J ryUI Ji 4. -11 e o-gJI ZS

.I kJJ I, ý1W. 4 4j

tjI LLI

LrLc. L-.. -a . v. ->. I Z) 141 J. -. jI r lrc I

A.:. ä... 11 jj-i1 . ßa. 1 c: UL: S . 5jul

.L 11, vpjrjiij 4_1,, ; 'L >'J LJS C, ß.

J4-3 c. ýý' IcJ

. it IJ.. P..: JI Coj AI JvI,,. z-I IN 1";. 41 1 c., J 1A. - . J_tj L;. b. 3.., t üJ j-I

c ze; ' -4 ( ku j --a-u l .: l. r' jr- 0.! ter- ., ° ;J -i ü1U-v, rýjl l: ý. g. 1 I ýý

ö}41 A-v j cjUJ Iu t1.4.: _y II j$J t, cI of Iet.. UL &I

I JAJ A. 0 &U I acý

cr jl ip I: ui 4 ,; yam; oýý... 5.! IJ U' I ýrJ i b. r: j A. 1 Ii

lJ I log: _. j ý, %} Ii ö,,.,. SJ I .1I-l _J LS %tý Us 1

ýtJl.: JIt, 'J I : ý,., Jlam, A. U I t,, 01 . x. 41 ö,, ur -II SS cs; I'l

jl �i- -c Ji&I, J. o is aas I) j 4w3 i >,

031 .zI , ij I A---ý U' I J*w-i t3ý % )ý. u I;

IjU. WIL, 4;., ,j! I js I. J LS

, ý° .JUL *j LJIv,. >ý11

.a 14;. c ua Iajj .jj'. ILJ 1 &4 ä11 ILC. j j, 4Ij . '. Ib'I I Liri

j: jx l. " ol: U-. 11 & I) le LSAj u1. ýj .vj L'i

. Iý. ä.., ýI _j le eß:, 1 L.. -., j L, ra1 1: ß. j . YL, ýýO1 Liu J >. j . A. o

+ý csJýý' I 1(si I äc 1IL

2. U 3 Ls. Jl Lt,. wi . u. 3 . Q... J 1 LA i ýi ýý.,;. i JU. 3 . ezL i- 1 u: J i

'43 �yam L; 2ýI c r±.., ý C,. o L) ,j 01; ä. j. -.. 11 UI trJ I .. aI vL

tý; J a_g:;.. aºý ýý I11. ý. ;J1 LSJ.. cj ° 11.,..:. 1I oI -; -& J LOLJ 46

tJ j1 'W-71 I uJ t 4J aJ SJ Ct.:. 1S e Lm, ý CjI -.; i-. 1I ,, z LJ

(r. Ul y, J

ýý " l. g. LJ , sj W- aJ, rý yý: r ä} . äý ä, ý y, ý., ý.! l. wJ j; J I

1 J-41 -1

) j' I r411.4. aiý. rý, ßI

v . r! cs' j >. j . rr aJ. j . s. ý Ij

4L Lt j gin J 4; WI J4--13 L1. )-l 1 ý, ý,. t1A 6'

I. º. g t,: rS r t: ýJ I ri I

ý. ý. Jý. I '. U LS l. -. Lu-:,. s .[ i' Ic ti. v_v zz; U. 1 j. 4..,, ý, ý 1

is Lcc j ýb

Ji üI&. A j L; J. A. I A" bi I trJ I

L bus 1 Ali L, J*l1 c6-6 aus , r_ tj r ýý .

r__ l$J: gý..,; :__SA"cIJ'ä. ý lJ 1 J.., g-J JJJ-1 I &L' dU 3 a;., J

c;, ti, yý. l I ,: S I ý., m , ý°ý .rI Iý.;. r I1J Iý ö e-1 I vý-: I44 u >r

Jr' I W. c I I_J Iý . gJ I ..; l. $J,. g, ý >e r.. g:. ý+ý (. YJ Jl

Jas' I v1 . r-c vl h: -'ý-, o vl gýý11ý öl. h; J I' lý RIIi,. ýý11 BSI

ör. I,. eJ I Iýý J.. o.. P.. 11 a:. l,. cj ýº1j, J I c. s; , rj I ý1. ýý Ii L-i

,. +J Ii

43 Lj aU S ricU . 4_, J. c.. i.;. 1 aj 'L-UI Lj j. JJ I 444J

. &.. 4- -ý J- I

r; ý dj. ý fr ýr Jr- ösL4i j-J, ý tu b 2l u xLA s3

tý i ý, JiSj, }j r; w i, - 4,3. i mot, . )LC. u. ý tjýj

i, t ) ZJi, ) i. t ii jib,

ý,.. _. ý. I ä..:.,.. J Ijj, -4.1 Co t4-iA 3I jis ;; sL JI bra Ii

LJ I ICJ I I" I. 5 L2J I vt.,.,, J

t.,,. > . ij It Iý1. > 1r. 3 Iý 14 lý3rc Iý e, ý. º; ý Iý ° ýyý Iý

tic y -? Ii-J1 31 , ti A LW I ui LP U

. rJ, ri W Ij

c 1;. 1 IJ zLJ Ij Zr .JIj-IJ;.:., JI ýý, ý. I) l. g. o.. c 1' L-J I. 1 J

AL JI '. U. I

, ju t. 4-4Cr . 3I c Ij '' ; Ulb wlSj vb, ý C, ýj5j -% C-ri eW; J

-1 use r'; u I �3 1.7i "ziz lb zi lei 4 L. S.; j r- b cet--. 1 ÄJj c fi AUI. 3

c, 3 Iý., e Lt iji ýj, l. 2J I t3 l. ýw e-l.. JI; -1.1211 rUbI Ljj r4; -. -J j)L

. v. g. ý., h. o t3u;, l du

.0 jlz, s1

z, t., J 1.1 . La) Ij '_'I. i r.. ß- 1 u.; : ý.. ý 1.4.: 11

Ik I, j ICJ I, ý L. 1 I,

l. ý.. olý I Lrlr- &1i ``fib . UJ c tii)3 aj "q t41U ßj

L 4.; tß -t... g>, C U. Jj

1 ji J-- i . rt airy �ý.. ý. - l: J f 4s;

. x;.:. 3,.: 1 ý

Jj-, ýýý, sý iUI

Lo Lpj CSr; JA Aýý L.,

11ýý Lti ' -u 1 Lrij i L', ' iJ 4i

0 CJ. ,i.. itU2JIJlW Ij l., ýJ Ij �J Ij I- LW Ij I- U IJ (S ILO IJ Cý-j I)

414JJ I aý. ) j Aj. j . I- 1) I csj ý-4.4 lc I ýJ. c &. 1, '"'ß;.. b J'r. g : 3b

. may ý1ý dU S, ý. b:, j yj '4 . rte r'ý ýJýSý '

FwLJuk. L I C:, u 4 !, u3ýu lg. J r. iuj IJ LIA r-1 -Lou ý}>ý . rr 4J I

ji AJ, 4-5 Uý

, s: L$i , ß. 11 1.: Jr4 j., a1, ß 03 ve-.. J43 r: -t *1 ZH-i di. -3

ýt r: j

.ý_.. " ý, al. ý cr' LW Lj,... c I A. U I &I j., AJjj ü, A the I Uij , r. -c ý

L; J I Lo r. r 43

t " 1ß. I-, i jjZ JJJ JJkýj " r4--J-L- Jk, 4.0 c. si 0.4 li

ýrr° JlwJ! r- . ,,,... J! ýfil Oj ;A it II-LJ! v ry M

c}:, ý: J I a1J LJ u-. j L I. ýi

:, ý"« Ij '" l JI iI r 1. <. >. 1J

.r LS-' 1 ýwýi e. wa I jj". >... c L. 4i Z)1 wI.. j rirýl

kW Ii F L43 Ii ,, -4 I ; wJ I U. I ij r, a;. L e: U 3, j Lil VI Jj I ýý I

, yw ; __4J

Uv "js Jt ; -. Z bý 1C Z) Lc ire 13.1 '�' I-9 U1

4.0 . ý-ý Ct-JJ i., °

-ý Lk "-j t-k v,, ý y. I- L 4J J" &- 9cv. A :

ý ü. e, r, Iý 4,3 yý 'ýrl iIj

\t- ýw1 [0. ] Auli . cýA. 3 teL. ý A- ü 1-3 -i -9 ---1 ,. j

Lo V, Y`., ß... 1v I (, oi - 10

1. It,, L; , l,. `,, t, j

`iýj.:;. vag

`ý . _, "" ýý ý.! .!

rýýýý Ui 1ý5ýIj4i iu, i

I, f-L. j b r-. I I, reu I ,., J.

cS. u'ý I, yl. + r.. 1 U aJý yj .1 vt.... 4JS 1.6jt_4 LyJ I C-4 U Is I ausj

IL &AJ AJJ

. rJI U. 5%:, j c, JJ ý. h... pr:, 9x, 11, .,

" L---jj jäh "0h

9J Ii rr'a a jJ IyiIJIe: ue LJ Iý ä:. S Li I

yrV r ýU li - ILJ I; L4--ý- u 4-1 LL-J li

u... J I zc 1-". r.. _1 I csi L. -. -b l9 3 Iý ý, .. o v, e l. v. 4; 1j . Uj Z) Lii I

bf-L J z)1: J L5 ý, Iý r.. X 0jJI jt. ý cL*tS ý, ý L. 0 L, s l.; , .. q j l. o.. p -

L l. S 3I ý., xl I .! Iý Is. ) I vý; LS. JI öl. > I;.. v. ýJ I, y1 I

, _o c. a.; J I A-W I äj l4 j Iyl I L, ý ýjJ 1410 U L: W-l j C: 14 Z)Lt r.

t>e Lae I (4 ; Ji v, u Ii AIi Iß. 1 I Lo 1.1-; l ,1J I) (01 ] lo. g. ý I' i

UUJU-i tl:. J 1 , xA I, ý 1 c. ý, 1 x,, 31 L. U1v jb c�»* ý. r v aºý1 Iý

L 1.3, rß ryU ý

1.8.,, O U -5 I , r..

c Aý LdJ-U. _1 I III LP"l 6., SFJ LrLo-o -1-s 1 Z.. r L.

l, 11;, I ., 1J1 JU. ) I rJx- l, " lo.. p jjJ1&5, -vL_Z-J 1131 &j. &ld Ir LS

LLL. i b %J 1 º13 1 r1. u ryvi' L4 L's 6Uj 10 L,. ý. u -ý

C, ý,

4 11 li 41A4:;

Ll: w-j L. 4.. j bL4. )ý. j j 1,, J Ij - ýJ Ij

l... g l. p. c. L_3 ,: JIB ý,.:! I Uli .l ol; LAU il j l. L. w. h, o

vSt lac Iý ö, ý thl l a:. RJ I Lw l. ý. rýý , Lii

.: wi., L4 ;. SL J 10 J I, ýý, ý.; J I ý,. c. 0.4I . JWS, LgJ L , 4, j'

Ji e a, aI zt III Lt, ,ä öý. i, sA wi, ,I J.!. ° LLL; .Uf tir- l.!: i L a;:.:, ý of ä3lh., e

i4. ä; 61 4-: ýJ L. U Irs.. 3- I -, uiJ L4. L" lý0l, >j Z) lj o� :ý J1.. ß. 3

_I-a=ý ýJ

äi11 L'i vijIj I L; -1j lm. ý u; L UJJ lacIý A. .. t

Z)l auldic W L4- ! 14J

L 4; -c '" I it US i Lp ßb: J 46

c, A 1... b J. A.;. 5 >. $.;,. o I. i rj Lo P. bm "i is Ii ze:. s z,. 6,9I Z), rjs

ý j-3-0* t5-4

L, 4-., Aý &4; -4 ýj

LV>*-U-: -u ji-ul

L-L;. u Jz. ý. 41L4 ZVI 4rý

St uJ-Xý -j, Lo ur, Ic -6 L44. : wýarg

Iý. ýu Le iv I e. LLa l; lS A.:. 4 6) LSJXc LA j l. ä. ß. Ij

c .ýI AD Ijb. Lý

.YI. *., zu

U. 4_ý5, U

L. '. 'j* Z) 1jG; 4. >; i_, i jti A L. J 1 iLz - UJ 1 Jj2 1 jjol U.. j u. Äj

`v�4. -JUiI . ý;.. c LlIUI t'-6'"

WIJWI "au. j' SIVU6XIU ,i

uri 14 4, ri ("53 ,U

`L1.04j U, t-L9 I . Jý. + L,; Lai I A;. r ejIuIt; 11J I

\ý I. 4 b. r. er°ý .ý l'ý I .I.. L j 1.0 1 vý' c'', zý

ate Ai-, j , -, JWI . as L . LWbui bi o. r J7 Cqý psi

r, S,. 1 U, ,JW r)U I . ý;. r I,. I . ý; LMJ I

y: ýwý aJý x41. .cý UI . ý,. eWI "'x,. 5.. 3. r. ýo lj `C) ß` 1Z

Lvi WI Xrý )U I UJ I jjx Ij ; ; -tJ I- _, ý-T r

wI Lm, ý: r Lot cylJ ̀ire ,,. $. ý1 I, ý A :. ý.... ý, "ý ns ß: 1J3 c; - Cr-r°ý ýJý

1) I eLrý __ IJjLJI älj I r-, 3 Ij jig I ,,, -tý r)U I l. ýJ I ILA

ü+4,4--ol b CU Li'? i a.,,. c j, 1 I j-A c: U . uý! Lo [0t] LS LA

L6-ß Ii ýýLrý L8;. t5, -µ -c. sJ li f3V ß3rL-,: J I &S1-4--J Ij jj--JJ .r U-1 *11

. C. ý. Jj:. J I aJJ

4 L4 1 , S1

fie) IJl`,. p 3 yt. ý aý., h, o . ý,. c JLIJlvI, h: ý I ä1 L ýI IvI rJ-c

ýtý l: a, 1 ýu, J I ý. ýJ*11 1 Li

ý.,... r ä.,..; i JJ I O-U l... --o lg; .0U äJ Lf cß. 11 , &W' I L. ý..; ., o U--, o I &. c

LJJI J.. v. c L .1

rý I C. ý cý ýj 1&. uº ßi1 g ýl UI Au ,

j, } 44 & IL)1 z) lS 11 j. A<ij ý 11 uJ 3 Lei r. U1 cj j j5; ;F1 , ý. ý ý. 4JSJ

l. mAiii r.. eejlºý j r-AjL4J! J jl . IJ jL 4. j lj

<: U3 jUjU.,., I &: j lbjl. ; Ij

Li ö1. ý. S ö, ý.. SJ I wlS L4 uu . l_ . -i 1i , ýý I X13. I, aJJ

I, A...! J II [001ö. o I uj ý,. j AJýj I, s. e * dU 3j 44 rJ "u U

4-93 lair J1 o» u3 J? i rt v-: )ý, i I e. Jrw -q 9j (5. )4j 1 cs' j 6-- ii

J-: 3' c sjlL al�. o I ýý1 "ý. l. A I ý1. ý ýlý ýý

rI, rl: -' t_JIwi. } US& .. JJ l. ýJ. Jil ICI 'Ll Iý, t. ý

I 4L, (,

Loi"i I, t "'I I &. a F l-tJ Iui, 1 &. 4 lizý I AJU I . ýj I , J6I,

, Lý gz9

L Zex- J j*"IU -9 cj ýýrý ve. ý

c5rj c5. r' .I rV jxv: JU t. ", w:, L, JJ jI ;. JJJJ L

(SJ Ii ö1. jIli rsI jýIi J, 1. ) 3 I, HSb1-01 Ji,.: i: li r. S_f lj elj lj (sJ --t ii

L; J j L;. iL, tJ I, :ýW (-q-: J Ij

Irwi A+. -"I l, eý c5r}ýIli Ls, JIJ eIJs J cSj5Mj tsjUlj

C %. 4w f

LAU o j-tli; j Jj J Jj

cs>>ý I rý . r: i csý rý . 41 -u ßa3.3

a..: r c5ýýý -*I I ö;. ý. gJ 1.3 Z, rJ Lsý

, LO z)Lý &Aj v cs' c. s1l.. ý, aJ, Oj

l .) . UJ I Z), z Ji'll i :J LA , tc Jjl°l eJ

1«""I L , U- Ii 4-1-au' J, -11 61 Lr-xc . ß. -w1 dP. ýS Lsj lg_J..: x ow.,. c L., ýUl I Lrr. i

üJ, c l. ä. ß b-" Lr-. c 1 tX i L1�c C, Uj 111 ab V I.: 1( IL

sý'ý° c. s'

OIJ ., ýU, I Z)Lý Ul J. -J Uj jjj LvLrý

L.. + u'i l: ý 1 &. 3 41 . ml J-9'2 I-i L; *11 csi C: i; Lo

,, 'Si :J U'9

, li . sui, "rai

u-i üUi z)1S 131 ý>,, iwi C,. A JLJi L JLt, Ju. L

OlS Z)U 3 . rAý 101. rte c JI . r°

e� 1ü lS y IL,. 1[ 0V 1 jL Z) lS j1 g Lr'

dU 1 Atj ;. j3 L5 cSr' Ij ý.

rýW Ij\i, & jjlj 0ýýW

ail; ý "' lS I LS LIUIc. . äJ 0UJ ii

lý ý'. r (Sjj J1 . rte -0 &. 1 &-C A. J c lrý. t l ý.. ..;.

U La '2 i a--1 Lf it yi a:. ý LJJ . LX UI LS ;1 L*)IJ 4. ýt

»4_ &1 vt c5. >''1 d. )I j_) ý- -µº , ý"ýý'j °

cs rýý csr-ii° . yam-; a Iýj a lý b, i :A

cS. rýý VI

cl =J I,, ý` 11 (J J1 at i yý du 3jLs. 1 I ä, IýýS

" cý., ý ýý"V Lri LU At. '. ' A. U I

l. oýý c , ß. 11 äJ lýýI I w. r° ý.. ýJ c)-, o y1! 7L ei)i " t. ý: ºý I ,?. ý. l ýi

. rte rfi csýý ,i ýr°r:: 4 I Iý ýjI Ij II� 3-c 4, r'

4_ JL4I A; -C- ý. ý. ý..: wj. ºi (Jjj & LJ 15äJ III 4J- ý ýrýc cs'"ý vs c5ýýý1I

o;. 41 JLOT, R IL1 I 1: z. 3 &A ULAV I ý. ý. 5 ý ",:,. L ý. d. ý. > Iý

r43y. %>* v 1? i öJ I3 . 1)1 Jul

ýyý cs' ý}. ý: r-c aJJ I v-A rxJ I cý. s ý: -ý-x. w c. s: ý

c, -t [oAl UaeI ; -tl

ti i, c. sý u', aJ. s-' 4-1 (J3

li 1L I »A �J1 45. E AD I tSr_... Jj 431 c5, r:. ýº 4,. ýi LJ Ij qw

ý"y, ý... ý WI , ri ý, 5,. }, äýýt I ý�o . s, ý I, .ý : -t

jU A. ý, .l-; t rýU 1 Wir, . ý. lJ

3,111 Lou u; Ll:. i,. oL. & r)JI tjI Lruý

.rU. e. i,. SJ IO C41 L41 äJ l. e' I! Cý. QJ r4j j '- as U

l wJ I ý,. ýe ä.; J, ý:.., o ý. ýiJtý oý.. w Iý vý. rý. l I ý;. ý äJ. ß.. 4 ýi WW1 aý. ý ýlJ, ý. i ßl3

jL JJ 0.4 ; J41 ß,.:. ä jZ tiJ- UI 1) 1 ä;. -I Lx

:... yi. u4; ýU;. UlI l. ot, Iý. ý., y ý Lji ý, JU Ste.. I

. r! Sl ; JL *il L Uj 1 43 UUVI jßl3 (i . 0I,; JI'i

Li L, .,;.: S IJm

0 cSi ýi j L.. wý - a., ai. J I) c5,.:. Le 4J j3 1 ýtý La

I t)Sj .I3

äJ IA-1 V aU l0 ýi ] ý.. ý. t c. c3 1U

. -J I C,. A äJs.;. l I Um C, 4j R 1. _J I , ý. -c

dul r4u ý-ýl J6 LS; Lf; A a-11 jit: j 4. A- ,A

Ai lei t, L. Ij J. i

AJJ I , 1,

W iJ) Ls j, 6 -I )I LF; i ui ci LJs. JI I LU ý}.. ý Lrlsý

r4Lj atj ; 4kJ l UJ,.;.. U ß: U3A.;. 41 Ujj l' j 1. ß:. a., J 16 J 1.,.; ý1 IJ WWII

br. SJ I . ý°ý 'J Lo"'I 14-. C)-°

LvJ aU Sj J_ý3 A.; j :HI jt LS iJ 1AV 6

. ý. ý. it

. J. o*1I L Lc. U3, JI .W al: JII . J. 41 J1 aU1 ý,.,

e A.; xlc rýkAlI l: JIý

OU 6: ý i It - Z)U 4.,. > rjjjj 441-6 Z)l &.! JJb

. ýJ L4-11 Lrxj L &A -I j ö., -Q I , 0i . ý, ry ye > iý. 114)U Ls-a-:!,

. c: 11 ß, 1. zl ý1 l. o vt j Lr. aJ UI

ýcý vom.; ýI I l. S III I. JI "Iä. m:. 3 1 Jul

dU l C.,; J.:. c

irk ýlS Lý 01 A-U I JJ. tji rjX. j

. ji '1 &-L - 11 4.

. J-ý j-pi j-g3

'Dij . fjx- ZLýg ,A "o"2 ,

&. * J. 5 LIS

L$ lj C r' l , yam I) a_, j A r. 1,6

au sj &J t- t. aU1. r. - -, aJIj Oe1..,. Oj ß(5J 4ý L_JjJIj "ViiI-i

ýýl.. J Iýä,. ß. ä.;. l I ýJý1 I ý}.;. ý ýl. S ýlý la. wl ýlS IS I ýý ýýcý ý.. wr°

;j jlxý Ai L41 '. Ij 4s du 1 ljj ljsj Aj... Ol &A r. ýz Lo

. .. cý L--3 LJ 1.3 . a-*J Ij �1. I.. I I, . .: J Ij Al L.,. Xj k, ý I kq

r ii J..:. a., ' <: U..; J-, a; I -1-0. - " cs. x. aj Ii J-: -u I-1 0--u t I, " c. ýý*' b

AJJ BU, Ij ýj

. 31 r.

b Jaaj

LOU JL; LA LrLf.

ýj LA IUA.. j

. 4: 1 c5J. ý. 3 &. r11 oj. m i ä., ckJI u L--. -U 61 g .. I [IN ] wlS ISI L., Aj

rat L; jjj 01i : -;. l L-4j jC:. aJIi C) ýi.. lJ1C, ti.; ZJ 1. lI A" c sjj-U I . rte

cs' A;,. c Ije. J 1 tS3

ý, a ä.. l l 1> L vti JJ I vv 412 Li -. l. dj it, UI .t... l> Z) Ij ý.. a. 9

Vý i., 1 I ý1 Iý ýr". JJ I'viý ``sj l..: SJ I J-4 j ýý

. iJ I Ur.... ý Lý \' J4

-4 ýU J. 41 JL>, L, 3 uU3 e, -.. > 1.,.; jjUrij-A &. ,

ý°,., e &i j,. -; -J I OI S III L ti &SLJ I ,,. m, tzü I r. L-9J äJ I . o*11 c,. ", W1! 54

UL6-ju Le,. '; ý Lý.

Ljl C)IJ

csj....

L. L5ý J. -.. j jxý A-ýý3

's--6; 4. A--! '

LO LrLt- 0 IIJ ' Lý A...; yj j

I) tIV ýL () I »a, ý JL2i

aJ3i 4L . j-..,.! ü, c lye. i $' 1 X1.3 b-o. -5,!

ii-3 LJ' I,,...,. 5 Iý. ý... 5ý z)LS ül 1a. 1. ä I ,JUZSLJI -1)1 Ul . (!. u3

O: 1. ) li [If]l. 4-4. -g, P LLc t1. 'l U ýL+wý I

v Irýý I . u' L lm , t75J U A4-' ä; ýýI, Z.

AAs. ä. ý r:. r° .+er. -ý ýý yIj, ý l. g L-o' & IJJ I

I r)ul L41J ts-ii L4jj ý: - ºiý wem. 4 . ý4

a.;. ýý 4. -U j )LJ Ij (3)L dI , ý. ý. ý d. U I

.,.,.. c ýi th jl ,U . 31 . l. o l. $.. 4... a.;

l. gA. ; 131 l. g ý L5J. c ýý e-ju j> s .ý du 1 r" l c,. * rXl I Laj i4 U3

r...,: - -, -s 14.4 l. L7 III 443- , ý; , au I jU, 4JI j. r-lo ii cli

"ý rr- aJJ I U. L�w.,., ej :US 41 , iý JJ

r- ; ýý I &rý

U... ýjj aU 10 Lý LJU A. ý cib ý 111 V

LLrý cUj &A !

_, ýU 4-4ý

u1SJ I uLWI , }I l LrLrý wylI J1 vi 1j . li. L 4J L5. rj

ö_) 1.. l .I äcß 10 1 r_-G cIv. ýý L Jý41 c. s-'

d:, Xý ýrý 6. ý, ý, i ,; ý alp u

to LIj L4 jj4I A--: jsr,. ý &J t ̀ t 1" ljj csý i

.kI Co c. sý-' r'-

t.: 131; ä. ä. m. LW W ,l1c, aii (-e j cr 1.3 yt1 vý

-a-ý-I VI

ASjlý Vr ""I Ij Yýý. --7611

AS. J. Le rjjJ U Ij ý

Lý=-; W. j

; A[ &ýl

I Wj ý6Z

&ui.! Jl 4'ý AJ axUil

e-N. 3 Ii , gym

. j; J 14JJ ýý : Uli r413

J=: -L

I cru- L. -ý

-ý5 lb

e L; J I, Jl ay V I, J l. =Z J l;

: C1 ä. i:, I ii r1-ii r. ) LA L, uý ru -1I, v ji. 1.3 Z) ('a-. J I. 3

b. °' jw a1J (, t..; ý I a.. m. iý. 4 v,, jt. _J 1 M1 l; i 41, Jl t:,. 4 eýel j-4 (53 0I xi

` -1 .

2ri , Wit, - Lb g X13 .a0 ie Cj.,, --jj ciij-41j,

., e. > qci Le wm " ý- +ý v%ý = l. g l l; 45' ý: lJ 3 ül c ürýý l. S. ý

kc. ki -, W-j '.

6 , ýD

.a 10 J

I LrJ,. c c.. ý. ý A.; a.;. c. c5» . ý'ý " a. ý., ý, rs r1 I cs-! ýc

x 1ý JL jL L1-J IL JLO' .A vi. -k

\-, JLi üJa. jIji LIiiii

o lam, L4LIL -' "> ,) kX l> 6 LvL bjiý vj. jJ Ij 14. E . J. ý) I

cC. b . jJ I Ail t, j ýýý. r-ý: rý I aý 5. Lc . ö. lý d. o, 1, S l. 1 l, ý ýJ, r

JL-r- j. a. ý U. ,:. `, t J--: j I. (i

LrL c-i . vylý. t.. j'1 I L, c

ý. 1SJ IaIa;. t vrýý . uý . äJ.. aaý., v lSJ Ic` a1S. ýý Aii I 'i. c ßj

--I L-.

4 Lrlxýj

lm-vs 31 v,,. >1 yuJI Ii e[ `t o) cs-ä.: u j

. üJ lý aJ JIU

Lip L<,, w 13 L, 12 -11 0. Li tzi c r; A4. JL6 -, 51

Iý I i. ýL IL., ülS 'mac 11 I rl rlLö,.: ýc &. jI_i ALL; L4 l z4. i

I I-- t %4

I ui .5&. o

ýul L, ýJ-w ; ýý41 -4, % L

ye 1 cif

1c s'ý

0 "I ýýý 3 .,.

31.., E (i . x.;. r1 3Iiý,,. LJ

X11 LJIL;. )l�aj I U. al ljo Iro. c 1 L. r' L6: ýU cjl . c. 4-c USý;., o (Si-'

u19, x: iI uIt- lIa; &: 4 , Ss

Lo Z) -- I. O-U 10-6 J-_j 4-i

ý' I JU-> -L--=-C- rlrý

I _ýýj L; Aý 01 AM d

I) Lgj jai Lri c, Ü)U butil

öI öý. rý cs' CX 1 JJU d. J S A;. c j[IV]U. c aZj l. 4 iI A; U Cri 4L

oj C) I-L..

JU*ll LaWl

LfLot...;

I,,. c, iI ý-3 U1 ýý . ý, ý lye

O S. cs'. c. r'j

%' <.. ýJ-Lts r''

LII '1 I .'l. c v'iIIs

ý-- uLt--3 Ls'-: '

Lflj C5

. ryU IjL. JI lm. ý.. ý Z)1 al,. ýC I L. ýC ý. J-ý. ý I -1 .aI U41 lo.;,

10 le 64 LS 1.;. w ij c5ýý. -cri ýý &41 ij Lsj

e. Lr- ý.. Q. ý.:. y I, 131,,... ii. 1 I, ýý . ý.. c ICJ I

Lg) " l_J Iu1;.; I ý. l rJ I ýr! ( cSýrý cam'

ý° (ý csý°. rs

IjXI jr8ý. j . I-511 Jfi ,, ISI . ßr. j.,. gr:. l, I ,oI,

W,. ýý QJ 3 r. $. J*li Zi lib. ý,. e ;jU6i! , L,;

Jy j wý- I LSJ,, c 1J�o.., o I e4i cUj Lou- &U IRl. w 0IyI., aU

l"Jlýiý a: bl;. JI 1;. ý., olä. A 1 JL j6 LIj ct I A. JJL j ItPl Ij Je- I

L, i j) 1 C,. ' 1;.. ß, a

. ýJ jj. ;. JI uJ J_ $12J Ij J-.! WIJTA; I J. *J IJ J Ij.

. 'w, Ji 0

ýýý i ýý ýý

&J J-J

V3 45-4

1A Ur-

i L% L16-4

L2J L; 1. ij .bI,. o -� _u1 ,º ýlJ�o Vi.,,

v' C°. 3' Iu1, x.. 0 ,J cejj ß;. 4.;. 4 FWlI,.,. ý., r. g. _J Ij r+ .W

vrº1. ý ý'r`'i `'=`"°ý. ° t'ý: 5ý ýI 'ý. ý: ' ýJ rl r-g. ýi3 , yý:, ' '3j ý., ý. J., o_, JI 61

vil r-21 ý. -; )U- *ýU r. Jl bU o, 6-j

I L, - L4J I . ý;

. l. ý. r. ý r.: t Ij l gJ I .,.. 5 c: n: ä I r.. e. _J Ij ['t °]. 3. U I

L4 ö `, I ö>. yýw .. I

L& gj 6

li 4 Ij AL4j Aiaj 4i L-1 bjý Wj t.,. wj

LIL: -PL4 VAj

I C: w j LJ I ., 0, ß. r. a lx, Uj L&r-S. r> cr'ý-=* 4 v5L m L41-3'

(Lti J Ißt I . ý. ý., .,, 4J tsJ I ý.. ý, CJI �4 J ICJ I

IA lq Li

. e. j U,. "j as ýj -Lýl

Z)ýý ryL1 I CZl. S

LBJI ý,. ý A-3U 1.4L. _. ä.. 1 l

A-al 0

ý.: ýW 11J vyL> ýIý 1.;. ýiý. ä.. ýý1 j 62

ß: r -: L°j r-Sý-A-I j ýroLý U+--i rS ;jZW 14, ý al

c' -c. f I &-r- 6Z. -. >* Ii "Ut.; f. I, l 10 t5ý... l; j L) [V"]

. K,. c ZU (_j J:. J

tI ýr4-ý cs: I L; -1 eI Cr: I L; iii ". J. roV 1 f. xZ L --j o,, 4: -4

Lij II t-lp '-"-u

r-aj Cij 4. = : ý' 4 LJ Ij l. ß-8) ýý-=: l c. )I

d. _L c3_j6Lu. 4 U; v ý-ý-ý 16a-vu°oj*J.., J; ß. 41

U. I r.., a; L .ý, L% ý' ýý V

O» LvLr- j jLQ I . 1., ß. 4 . ý,. ý.:..: J l.; It Ib LL- Z) Ijý, h. J I Lsij 1:,. &

1ý.; aU I euu OjLK; .W 10K,.., h e. l; J I ý:. ä; ejsii; .WI

Lxcj, L-A OLS III A-; L, J Iß. 1 I L. + "O.. W

. Zýl

uj.. a rL

J. ý: j 4-11 6 JJV Ir

j"1 -> 1. h. ý-1 Ö, ý. w Ls dj., uj LA.

j dj j.. 'ýJ Le V? -ij b3 .

1.. w ji u \, e Z j,

%vjic 4[V1 I) ii r: 3- I `ý, h: J

L&J. Xý ý&, ý-Jl, i'vi 0-.: ii

LJ 1 "J=am -1, " J. ý j! 4)4 jj ly Ö IL JU, r, . La

r)u I ýýý

veI, ý I ö,,... ý5 c ý. yl:. *. L 'C bjI, "t c., ýj I L-J I It ;. A l+.,,. phi

ri I>t& 6 xJI jJL; 1ý. 0ýý " ýS»JJI ýý

16- alu kýl .0 ýa

A*-. 1 'JAJ -L

Lt- *J I ý:. ýý WI l"J 1 Ojv) I c. sý t. ýr, °ý " J. a.... 1 ö;. 4

>4 csý U, h" JJ h 1. ß,,.;. J h '. ý hI ILO*i Lm ̀ý ýlý, J

csý J1 . r_ cSýr'ý Iý lrI ýý . ß.. 3. I ü ý.. äJL ä ý: L44j , blýý rý, J

ci 1. cLJ1J, -º,. z)i :w4,3 ; oi p-, J 1eJj1 Lt, .. >s. J 1

Y'ýýr_ý jo e j-, Wulý. ý. LaIa. i v

,. 5; ý ' 5ý.. L, Cr, - 1, >j . -, - wi au . ei-, 4 ci IL42.;. '. 1. u1 cýL , Ae> . [VYI

1 i.. a)-i Z.. ;oC; ; U. JI &S L-i I J. xu 0 LS 111 &. - Ii ci b-i vj -dQ 3S j O. s; l I

14.! J 1Iý. L I Ji L1 W aJ yti; ryJ I '1I WS 3 ývj ý., ý] V all ý: ý, .;

1,,. _. 6,1 cIiI le Ij. rý-Ii 14.0

. rte -sI. sJliIHJ JJjl I Jj-j

t.. 4 4..,. ý IUj Is i . s. 1j "J. rý . rte JW ij r'ý

N 1JL;. > 1

,,. 4. r9 j> &.. - Ii . c:; j '4 ý,, ý. 1 ý: 1 U, 4,; - U- I, a

LLL; .o I'-, , '.

ýý. L4; j.. rOj Z) A ,,...

Sý k-JI ., aI ,. _..; 4)ýý ,, 1l;

104Y l-. Aj ii I, uý. w. ýJi .If.. I. ýa

c" 'i-, ß-6J, lJ I14 L.,

fit, `ý , ALU [Yr]Jl: iJI ýl: J I uj_kJL, r- lý v-. rS,, JJLa

r-4.1 Cý l. - I r.., ý ý .. > ̀ ýýýt I r. º " ý, ti.,. ý. i i ,... .; ý't.. ý.. ý. J iý

I j. ý . r. U{ý.. ý.. rsz.; ̀° Jý. ä.;, º ý:. ý.

UI` ui; 14J IW 10 l<,.., l; CA 1-j

J, -I I, L:. %

-I uj-, 14 A-le UL. _3 ý, Mc: J LJ IJ 10 K.. L 1.,. t. r, 3

y (, VI Lj L)

W iJJj VI ß-i4 Ull. g ý. J ij ; -J-<J l bim 4.. c j

u. e2I + : ý.. WJJ . ý.... ý, c.. 2I 4U I, ý- 1I LJ Up-

t, .... r dWs r1 JIi äh. ß a), rj i LsJ,. c II1J : vti... J L

DWI l ip

ýi . QJI; 'h v , L" 711 1&. vjI (J, 'Ji a. j t='"

Vj J. 4.01 J6 L, 3 al OLS III bl ;. L1 JS, (Y £] "' -'*I

A '-Ul, I

U. 4 J; . 1. i -OJ, ts3i .ý ý-4)1 Lr; LpL41 Lsý jN.;.

. J... o X11 ý. i lIJ I ciU U ̀ ý a l4 Wis. WI Li, 'ar.; lýJ., -, ``a-_J U

Ii e, J1t `lri I JU 0 G; (>.; 1 ý. t.. n3 ji 1 LPL I �L

ý... 5 I; J IL L" ̀" ;. > l, 4J I `yvm rý " .r -I csl. c I ý»

I VI 41S I Iý I c. sJ I, `ý ý"QJ

S.; j l:. oý LrAý Nee U. I; j l: J 1. a.. 3 'I j. jL I ý1ý.,, ý1;

i I Jj ? 1.3 I c. s» v-PJ 1: $�'. -11. L. b 0-411.. L. JI

&o,, ..., o JWI Cýjj ä: S LvIy, 3U

I Jsj '.

U- I CýL

v *-- 231

i" e,,., ý lam- ö, l 1", 1 I ý., ý;, ICJ I 1, ý.. ý

ß, S. ý.: ý . öý. ý. g. l I '`ý j.. ý

141 Ij

': ý.: s, II tai, r'ýU i-i. ) 1ii, L. 4-. ß r; J-L '`ý ,

c- a i,:. 1ýt

1ýI ý. r IJ. JI ý.., il ý ýýr ýý c) 1»ý.. h1, vSlJ " tSJ Ic jj

<< `&Lc . ý. cý11 ulJýl üJil U. u',, r Ij

l blob

w; . ýJý r. gJ , }. _. 3 JIB 1tj, - I3 Iý . " r-IJ ý. ý It . 4l. ý -1 l. b ric I JU l3 du L,. J. ä.; J JS c ý, u La r!, cl. 0-

- irV ±, J &A ýe

ti ýJtýr. 'a'J' " ýJ 1 ýA .. s a>

. J,, ý,, ý

U rlv .,. dU 1- &-A r4J J, ä .r. e: U &-°, P 4u I

lt 1ö lS,? 1 1 I>. + 1.3 '9j.:; IJ.,, I . r. 4.,. ýýt; y L$ J1. výrý.. ý

r4;, j . -, w ý. r4J 61- . fw< .

JL; alu ri

. Jtom., -I Ju. uu LA r141, ß., e . -9. b &U 1 vr. ue JU e. UiS .4 J-e. L ve

ý, t ý11 AJ ,; ,i. A. _J JU . a, AJ Jt; . L: j j. r. y1., Ij , La -6 ý..: mIr

o l; 4 fiat I. r43 J. _. i . .; y L-SJ, :u[V `l 1. v. o t'. ý"ý. t

. , ae U1rjk-ý.. V. b ýyýt. VY L-.. 1

ßj. 1 v. jj a3 Jý.. J IIIIJ 4, ß UJU J _*Z

Lij J. rb rSý-<. A ý,

a! J 1uVI. ý,. Sý Li ý, r6 1. aä IU

v., jJl, -o bjjý . 4J JtJ, . 4J JU-; -6ý, J. rLQI . I; ý

ý Lr oI . uyll} zjb4 jUj . vý aßl. cý Iý

-) LIP VI Ai

4,0 ..

L. ä-: -3* r- UL ojr ýj

ßj11 . rte 3J t ýtý=,. ä., ý " ;JI , ý. 5. ý iI �t . I)1 . ýý., r

,:,. A Jt Iý,., ýý:, r. ýIýý., ý. l, Iý.. I. ý}.. J iý,. pL"JIJ lJ

LA Ij AJ, S aU 3 ;J1,

T 1ý +ý 1t ".

ý«. 'L d. o)k. G ý. ! ý, il. ßr0 1b j:.. o ouU 4-Li-; j

Ut Ij MJIC,;. b %:,. x_1 Li 1.: 4 [YY]öa. ý., ý

A. 13 l: ý l. gJ. ý. S . t-fu UI _)j j '. ý.. } ý. 8 J Ij U 1,1, jS3 liJ

.ly LI's J,.: ö; ý. &J I ä. 1J I Z)i

v. äß lý' 4.. m i.; U' 4J 1 ,..:.. a UIe: U 1 v... ý ýJ, yý t. ý . ýº. ý.: ý. J 1,

. ß. 1. +1.3 t. ßl., Ji. J c) z). t*s: 5 ". r? &( cri Je-ý ý JU- ,c. wuI L$j a-.: A jar.. +u kq Ir. b . ös. o.. gJ IC.. L II.

cSJj rj Lo

CA 4. y,

63; j. j-L I cs

l, t . 1-4 Ls'; '_ 01 " v:,: L: j °134 ( J--4--j bli dU ll ALr-

C-'§ --44. a; j 4ýýj A.; p a U, A

L. J I Uj

-i L4.

Io lj ._... ý u l, rýU I

c. sý c �J I°iJI it 4)1

I c5J)J .U is l, J 6

"" c ý.

ý IýUr . 1. ä. i J. Sj au 1

71 1 .. -g .v ij irý° bl"ý :, ° L-, ear rU . rte , I'l'i; L., . f-U- i

ý., :. ý-li 9ýý, 4J W ;; ý - I, JI L'i

: ri 4JJt ui i Iy. Lý-a j L-Qj

.i ILJ 11, . l. d ý . h: J L

1 1. J .

S'J . ý'

WI ýCý. ßJ

W' I, `C

10 L5ý, L, - L, -. LS U- I . Sj j uj I r.; Zj

' ý0 4J I ýZi " -8- -ý-ýýj r. L.: cf vý..... ̀ i . ý&c U1 ma ß ..;. -

UIC.:.; Lc Ij L5 IJ IUlI Vj.

... ä. SJ I J-1-r-

c v, ý "Ii .yI;. }ý I

LV V, J�O jo ILO IJ ,U IJ

tý. J l. ä; 1I cs'ýý9r. a c. s.. r "ä ýl. 'J cs-' ý.

%ý, ýý, ýr° cl::. e lam: ý. rý ýý ýi-'ý.

1 ýý

el":. A F l: ; ý. ý: ;ýv. ýl. 4-su . iý: ý lýJ I l: J I vls.. w Iý ý1 I . r. rSý lJ I C.; 4j AU

r)Ul ý. ý. ý..; [VgIr.. g. ý, l_--. 1I

Ll WQ ii 0

J. IcifJx- Wl; i. 1-1- ilye, uj Lti

ýý lm 1 ý, 1.3 Ii It. UI

" j. '°. ýJ I) , Lrk j Ll j1 &-4j ' ': Ii ,äIjI. )

"i I -,;, 1ý

ywQIu,. > bib

t'. 8. w. '" ý5.. ý.: J ý.. 'yl;. a. elr I ýS. ýýll Iý , ý' "I I d: U

ý° "r rte' - --. --- ---. ju _ lý -J. z lL

J,, L & ; j. -: J I AJ jUJ

-. r-j r-j

4y LL J1e. U 1 j-p C,. » c vom; .,. ýc -i- b. 0.3 4j v>j-5 t: r° + 10- x. 1

rý.. +ý+ " v4. e J. r 11 C. ýj JLý dU 1 U. 1 . ý. ý y rA i! J I

ý., ý. II iii I r. S.. 3.., o lrc )1 . 0. r J. rý) 1

r-4 JU U rlx-l 4r-4i 'L. 4ýj J-. &A

_j..,; J IjU

&I V l.. a jI, IjVI . L., ý ýL"Ji vl, . ýý5i ý4, Jlý -,;,:

.. LJIö, ý. ý, ..

t L-«j, 9 Ij zý. J 1 ýi i -e- -% . Z>_j- Li . Zi 1 a.

40ö. ý Lw. J Ivý.. ýs-: -. ý, ý " ý.. Q1t.; o. ý.; UI ýj

CL to cL

rh c. sij ý8-°h

CSC ca-ý°ýl csý'-t ° ýJIýG yý c) 444x,!

LJI , r..

5ý. ld_ Soso (rj UI ä-Iu, ýýt I ös. ý g. i ILI.; SJ I

-, C- \k

Nv" I. ý , may

°ý 1__0ayýJlý. fluIj_: ý. ý. uu Iw

.uO LWI-<.

* Q4.. a JI () tý bWiý, ýJ l -. 1ý ct ; tA,

v1. ý. G. os1ýý lýJý ý.. 5ý� lý ý'-ýý"ýý ; ro U SUI 6bL. 'iU iI, j ilý, y.: JJ

u Ii j. 41 .; WSJ J-, I j. -tl JI &j

'ýýh - <- *ý L, 9, 't g' 0

ji U AJU 0 Uj u l. $. > 1-p-4 1.41 41

4Z l.; J 4, ß LO jyý.

v C. k

11 o UIr. ý. c5. l. 'w' , Ss -u vut t LU-ý ý1ý; 18. E r-L; d

l: ývý. -.... ý. 4 7t . vt... J

lt iy, I ý1 t 4. ß L5 I a:. c csj &W 1 äS, ß W. Iý

i! 4A Jýu VI AJ I 1U

\1 Lau. su ;.:. SL.. z L, o J. S j-UJI)1.4., el.. c J Li I KS. W l; U. U, ý:. w

:ý Li

0_4: J Ij. LJ L %4 1vIj. .I Loj

rL; jb . ö, ý. ý I '~ iii Lal I I., QJ LJ 13

ý. ýU Li ', -U 6 c:,. wJ r. l,. J I výr.: J l i'rr'

CýLL l3. La., UL { C:. ýj FUI f- 0 r:

csij L°

0 Ký L, I,,. U 0 iß `""ryUI j6 . L*. s WI ci l ; Ij lib aja.; Jj : L=JIj -UI CI'

.U!: S L [A ý/ 1, zU, i, %ý., -A J, ýr10IjIj tkm rýU i

IJ I +.; Js )-U I .: j N.: J 1 c5101 s--`j v44 1 il ý-, -: Jr £. 3 'J. P1

VIV jl. J I b Ijw V

ýeN V, P ;j )LIJ I Ls3 ts IýJ I LXI I ui jyj- Ii. 1ý. v

I r- vti... J r. 5,; l rJrc 1 11 U jj !ll::., x OJ15Sj

ci U. L iI IuL i. iJ. r4tJ 1 .L LaJl

'ý. ý JUJUr4 J aus ý,. ýt J J1 r-- . ý, ý, Wij Jr4lHi JJ

ýLJý lb :. Sýºýt! I r.:;. 5 a11 j, 5 ä.. ýý r_ý ý,. tý. y4 ; ý. ä; J, X.

4 -0 vý14J kw- . vv r5<. Jý y L: 5J I A;. c vyl w : ui.; lb

v IA UU3 1Z) Y ý,.. g. J. ý.. ,uULJIv ýI J13,

uLr- e-I.. i L5 H-L4 fo-W I L; L%4j OJ ýIU

"-,; ý: ,- . r-,. ý- ? ýs-LA rl--mai

"" VMS

01dV 1

-), ja

r, -j- i 4, oll-A du si L%41 r,. j-, U Cl!. P Lp U 4-6 4-1 ua. o; 11i

ä: ý :ýI %1., ý ýmý L". ýý r ýi I ý. SJ Ji 4ii

;.:.,, u

: 4ý60. p I L, 3 wL JId.. 1 S tij J,., J IFuIj J41 &-r° ký-j I z)L<-,,, 1;

U- IWi,!. J i

Ala %a. rý. º ýt I . ý.:. ryJ I .c- U- I r. ý.; i

4. ýJ L

"ýy :JL JUS ý. )IJ I ;- lA J.! A Ij uj I aea.: L, j L. aJ I , r..

rwI Cýjj ii. )i C)Q C)ýj'ýI Ir' iceL. I I1Ii U-I ,. $' WI

. ß. äJ I vti. iI `ý, ý JI',... ILL v t: J I

,,. ý. ý, ý lm. ý, ý. º a Ij ,t_. JII

,,..,. ý.; ̀alai 1ý csýj

° , 5, ý ýJ a 1,,.:. -.; I,,. ýb JW

U14, Lj tJxý aI r-v. LL I

ýýýý ýy Lk

&-, "IJ ., il oI T (i, JL. t I,, l a., ý C:;, ý v le- ui w

yt rr U 44- 1 Lý

Uý 411 C.,;

U Ur.:. - &ýýj &ýýl bix LO -ý. Jl r. ý31 r UbVI

- L. I., &A y !

-%. o - L..., &I A. U I Z) IJ k-ý

- rs ._ Lrlr

W's ju J, -. JL%jtl ju . &.; Lý rb-I Y. J JU . O)k> -.,. i -) JU r. ý Zt

uy &. 4 ci LL. JL

r. b 41 L: 5J I Lpb Aj Ui-, n re.. va 14-0 r-<ý. #

,o "JJ Ijýu L'11 r-4J ýU dJLj. m . JJ 131 1, J U ý.. ý. 5 C, w lrc 4 -I

1: u U- U, =J I öj US .U3 . rj . r; au I r-<. j [Ao]j-. J

Lo r1-. e c. J 3 OVX Ij (: lS or 61 A. ý ý,, 5 aJ LL; . ß... 1i 1uULalI"

ýuLO r-'J, LrW 16rW sui,

. 114- "D

.. d. ýS.. p ý. 1. ýº. ýý1 I öý ..

csJ f ýý ý. y11ýý L° JLA; Ajjj &A &' j ;,; J aL ý, Jrý &. gýLý L4;. 4 ulºý uý X11

L4ic v. LX- &, I JL ., LrJSJ Ij »tjIUJ. 0 lit' . ýý AJ,,;

L% .. 1J Ii W-6.1;, j ý,, ý. ý I, j IC ̀ ' j

o,; IJ ICJ I

c. sý cý-d-, ý ýr° ö L, -ý., ° ý-: ý: r ýc-, c-ýJ ýý - º. ýý I,,. c ý1 I uji Z, -l . t7;, l

Cjl., jlj C, ýJljlj I ýýajjl

uj. 4, -JLJ dbjjL<, j -1

1c 11 v ItcY I ýý 1: ýýJ ä. aJ JlrLý.: J lbAiIý:, ý r lg. ý ýI 1 öý. ým . ýs.,

L,; aiI ýI Lruý &k; Ij ;,. ýuj-1I -, l.: J ýý tom.; -11 i% ;. o. ýJ

ý. c. 11, jW1, Z, JI UjS ý, -I

%9 It, Lý-w U. L--j C)ý-- -: Jj

ý_-S-j AL U J--r-

ý.... +p LLI'L. , r:.

*L.; 14ý_ LaX I lci vW

co l lý. l j,., c. º vlý.

cý11 J. c LI U-

lei W* `Loij UaciL. J1c. s'. ý 64 1cn. J I t-ý 0J 101. ý., ý1º

l. o. g :.. ý lJ 1 -t

Z SL `ý%-m

w 4L I

L,. +jI.:. lk, iývý3. I0 , ý. ý vWI.,... Sý.... ý., ý ryU IJUIcU v»

'K.. -J, jIw, JI as, t-Ub cw, Iz F I, JI i IJi)., ('-: II, Wl v..,

%k, ý lJIý vUJI

I. I ö. ý4I , -. . LpI rte Uj t. WI ý wJ

cýI. ý-. QwJ tis. ,. 'I. ý1% rºýs' ]ý 1 0I)I r4j 0 UI raj

UI Vt c. s'

. a: F1 cl 1q

ö,,.. ý a X1: 1 , 0s er r-+. ý-a

., k tl, t

,L JA r' e., pý t s'j Ls;, b uu l vA Ls U- IJ

A. Vý aI r4; -5L<-4j J---

le * CN 0-*. 'J I

j14I 3%2, I r1ý. a Li 1-3 cslrfI

Lýi A 1i, ýý i 'ý I ýý Iö"I

LS I ýýý5, vvJ I . ý..; ý, r 11- UIZ;. w e 1. a., .WIJ., ;ý 11 iý

t. ýe9

r-e-: J' Z). rJ IJ ICJ I -W-4,: j ., I1 JJ

&I vý-W Iý iS ýýý v<.. s-) I ýýý

ýJ Iý I Iý v l? I ý., Iu le- UI

, --Le 1- 9.

U r-w-j rsýý - Uj> Lo

4. J. L<J. Vj

&. J. LU JJZ

A; Lý

4.. J jS I

Alrý y% VIL US aLJx-

JAI "'j ji 4 ii. PJI ý`, uli'S1I r-il ýiji ajLU J ji-. A %1_l 4 yICJI tziL4

Uff, 6rj-*-O, A;. rý vx flw,. x Vi&UuWL riAi&esLIJU fit; r-Q -- - -: -x, 1-71 JU cS 1ý JJJ Iu jS, U I

, ym 41 (. 5. Lib as

V a;. c vom.; výrAj o 1' JS cs=' ý ý''j r-Q 'ý ý. C 61 ý, J výJ lý

l ,. 5Q J AAJ. ýJ J. L.,. 4 '1c. s' X11 41J 1 JJ

,'j a'i 1. ß, j J výrýLQ

.Uy ICJ I A. U Iu LL jS 0.; . yjS 4! Uj. S

[As].. i ttcý1 I öý_ ..

l.; ci .1l. g. ý Uä S1 I : ý. ,jI

s- Ij A4-*i LrAýj c. J Ij 41 11

wI Li . rte 41L:; u ö. I 1: ß j LO Lý jjs

e U- I r: 2

.. r; %; Al

LJ Ii ji , LjI C::. ý -C. U': t-

Vý *1 AL C"-aý *1 r. l: ý tý. -ý &".! L !... =J L> ýSr' L ull lJj i1! . ý`ý

l" Z) I ý: & I ý;. a..; g,. ý. )i reý Iý 91..: S LA-, :.:. ý W14W1 uiý ýW1v L<.,., I3

1' üý I A, L UI ý, ý' i

U1 11 , ý. r., o ijyL&J I

i'. ky Lv;

I I, J I lt:. - aJJ I ,.:. c J l- &, * j r. l> al I , s, o

Li Cý.; r y If-jv'I l., o ä., Q. ß ýu Iju . s. ýý C; -- J l. ý i1.,, Lrj

[g "]. ýSý J. +ý l: Jý ý,. itýw l.;. n,. ä, J aJ., oi ýl,. t lr. ý rlýý:, ýL ii

r.. 'aj A Ul ;; SL- 6-Al

aLrl* C. 0 ýlý Z)jj c. sý wvý. ý

csj j L' ' Z)3ý f-! F l. I, vti, J I vt, t. ýi. 11, I 'LSiJ I

.i ý_. ýýýý

ýý 1ý iý.: ý: ý 6

. JýýJ-'-'ý^ +

v lSJ I ýc. ý vrýsw °

, L. rj. LU U. 5 , S3 �. ý -Li UJ-c J-9 l. o. mJuv uJiý Z) l.. _..; ý. Sl..: l

,. S 3Uj dU 1 uj äS. ß. I t1.:... ' I CS. Le;.. w. iIý,. ý I . j» _s .Il.. $:, 15ý L

1 1.. "0. > at; L.

csij Uj L-8-j - l. _..; uUI . u. j

b-*: j 4- CýLL Al

UVj . rte' r. -ý ýr-° [1]RU Ii LW I Ct j ý-V Ij WIý.;.. Q, (, s L]2r Lij

r)L J1 a_J. c CJ5 J-9-w ui (*-ALU=; - a . oj rL"j Z)>> csLr- co

PJ., L4--O 1:.; - . lL.

G7ý+ý (

w. ý u ý. wý c

ýý fý. l, ý c

Lý , t, ü. J' c

ý" . T'om' cW

IL j-u I Z) Uý. Ij ;.. A Vi. Cýz r-P - _j

aIj. J4ý L4.. j ý. j. L. L-J

r-- II r-"!: Pjul I. C. UI

%"` . rý < <s' ulj tS

.. ýA . Uýý 6""ý -, "* -I blAý L dul . J. 4 --

a:. z vy a .. ý, ,, m .. _

, ý: ' .°t,:. ý'"' JU

[ ý1 Y]v ýS r J, b I ý}. ý c vý, J ci s lgý ý«%. gy lý Ij. +J I J-Q JU. ". 3 Lý

t:; j AJJ 1 &r° li cir. Ij L J-. vj er. ý &.,. U 14iJ I rý3j L. -ij

_)--6J I

LVJ-Z Ztt6* j A. ýýV jU

*14«SR Lcý-9 l-. i JU j. 141.3 L. o rLi rSJ

JL .Jr. 33J JU t3Ui ViiLp JJ JU y, JU . 03, &

r1 J" crj v4 J ä: ý, rI uL:.,. J I y. )

dl;,, l'C. x, l otl LS " ,i 1), 4 ri lit ,b . ý, .d0 3L- dgl j. ý.; a;, _,,. 82

- t-p z)(JZ4" , '-AlLs . 41 rsýý2ý .i ums

**j Lb "', I I Sjjow --

0ý2j ii t. L. Ir5,; j 11 .JwIj

10 c. s' j- Uj r ,JId.: SU I i! ý) ý c. ý.. W- 11m. ý. ý

ýr'r° L- L4J 1 ý. 4�c:. ý rß-1 a-J I Lri

a1J ibI, k.., a. JI -XtS ße

.-Iel. g. J I ae i ; jj j

v öjloJlj

_, S! . uj ; lJl - Uf bL<.. wlj 1 .. S - LJl CýLb a. 11, J

` ý-'ý ̀ Li u-, 1, F tom.,

IWI 'j 'W (T. 7 0,. ý.

I I . ýrýSV ýJ

.t 1. G ý. w.

S' y. ý`ývr

t1 ýrý 1 .1t.,:... ) I ý,., ý, ,I Lýý 1.. i ,t1.;. ýl V 1. j1 1"

.., ýI-1

CA . 1; ý

`4J ýi cc)' &I C: i ci if- hi f

r. IVJu_ jJx*u LLi

- ->N d. U 1 ij 1

Lýa-ý Z) LW 1 Lm

dr,;, L4 LI

1 i, ý l: J ý vý. ý; ý ýc, s1ýS1

ý öýJ I ý; r_. ý, h:, ý d.,. ý4, ý. ý ý: + dci : ýý ýý, ýý :ýIi. ý lo

ýsmý G

.ý1- l_J LS

, r:... ý L". 3- I LVl. r al-; 4 lý. l I jyl } -Ij j, ".: J I LA .u Lsý Uri

vý.. r. ý:. r£rc'I

A UIJ.. ý ; 4J Iý -U U Le-, -j IUILJI

UjJ rs J la1 I ý,.. c.; 0 11 vLJIx.; 96,5

i l, ä1 I, cý

:. ý.; lb ýIýJI ýwý apyý., Q. A F l; ý ý: ý; ýWI ýwý ä, ý,. ý ý 1ý; ý ý ýI x, 11;

0 K-- L). I.. ý.! kj -j I r., ß.; 1 c; ji I b-" &-6 ; t; IJ-. ý ,JI b) Ib th ' l: J

IQ in cýi

ýý. 0ý J-0 ý'ý t`. li ýý. D V<<.:. ý ( ý, t? '° ýý. stý 4' . ý:. L cs. 7 ° (jý

c1ý. I l:,. LJ I

, ß..,. 5j IL; -r, 1q ,ýý, lý 84

. d4 i vti. ý.. ýt! I ý,... ý i º. IJ I J: - Iý IJ I ,U IJ

L-! Z),. r' A fir' Jl 1 L3 -rc WLi . ý;,,

Ir- Li I

ý-ý! v-° Ur'' x-i-t- c-i ; -it- .. w ö. J-ý... J I DIAý , -i j-' -a . ý' IIrU. ý 'I I

1A 01 J. L; -. --; Hi vii rý) -) 1 ß, 4.,. 9 uJ 3 Z) -la 1 ý. tu 3

I. ý e.,; jJ I c: U ük-., L, m a1J I ZJS j aý,, LJ

uLr- ci U: ci L;. o, (s

4J I, I aJ v_...; l. 01.9 r.. gJ ... ý 1. yý alJ I I, yý aJJ

. o» a. IJ aý ýýý -

r)LJ I

A LT d; U

l, J I "'I I L, ý, l; L

I., QJ I .., SWI; ýs, °. äJ lý,. l l; J-a_

1 0 CL

L--j rJ, J IU Ii o U-: 0-. 1.4

go L: j Ijij I. u2i I L&W Z6 tLL4 Llb. W

=-ý, cs 1 ulrý a1r :ý ýr 31 ýý t4.8 äß. 1S cs I

A. 4 L; j_) Uj J L4J Ij. LJI

L, l; J 10,; J I uff" SJý [ e1 `t ] iý cs-ý

, ý.., oý ý1ý ý I; J I ý..., c. ý ý., ý ýý 1:. ý ý. rý, ý 1:. ýý ý. ýý r° ýý ýý l; ý,.. 1 X1.5

< La ý -Ul-! ý- L. . ý) I ý-S I 'li I ý" ;ýI iq jxý bjjL

cS 1 ýý; J 1 , uj.,! ai v1A e2 ý. ýý , Li 1 cýLL (ý1., äý. J l. ß. ä: -fit 1

.yr. (AJ. A j

Y ;. *; l: J IyJI. a'"r-'ý. ° L'ý l. _. 11; iIý:.. ý. º a1

La 1. j- I-6.,. ý.;.;

e%. uj J IJ fý ý"JL, I ý, 1 5J u it. U1

Jýu-A - Uýr> Zý-w bllý Lsý Jýl rU bol I

ý., o .. alºi.; ý ýýS irk ýý cý'ýý Iý uiýý irv,,.. ý. o. JJ ýr_'ý ýsý-ý , r: -ý-L ý. yoJ. ý;. 1 86

jS 4-1U S rSQ3 -ý c: rý J., L I; y u 1L... J IA

LI. '. a1J I. jU$ZJ J; 't rSJ i &,. W

ý ,, ý r-1 JU " ;. ý us iºý, , . ß, 1J JU 11

.dr vom, Z) I-3 , +' 'j 1a4.. t--.. JU v JI c. s4

L9, o ..,;. S, rý1. J I Air z jA öý, ..

Z)j cSý IJäl. o ýj

1, w C- c: vve

%4 -A a

I L; Lx-4

c4) I-UI , r..

sr j ý, ' I) I iJ L. o li

ILJ I ý. ý r_L ºj týU I t7i-)j I CýLb. ý. % Z)-rý 1 JJj Iil . rte:

. rsS t'j I. rl I C: '. r:. r C.

: -c °J v. ° L44-Q-ý ý. ý. -JI r. Jj ryL11 Z)lS. µl.,

" rý . rte ý: r° J ICJ I C.: L a:., o l., öJ-c-

ý, ý `Y LL Ui, rxj j Ji CjbjiiJi ý, i: x r,,, -, JU

ýýJ l.; au 1,1 I vJ 13.1 j: ý.., o 04-L, -> -v-v Iv lj U

uJi1ý:, 1. <.. 4 1;, x '. WI". c

,,..., ujj L. A. U 0ý.: J I 'Ca A

(. J I

14 LJ I

In %v lti ka

c, ý I 01 V' , III ý;, Iý u_, 3,. ß. I *1I ý, } I iJ r5 l" ,ý Ii I) : SJ,

,ýIlý ýýä1Jl; '-3I l 29 ý x, 11 j`3e. r. 1

LlýI, ' U1

`Q J-41 C53 C. A r. 4-ii

rj-, tj. 1 Dix

A. U I &jlU jQJ, j.;

I Vj rJI

Uj JU y) J Lij j-JI ,A &A r,. ý I ro Lxý V JU 1c ricl

d; - , r41 du 1 ; -+i., l 1 04-s j-,, j .jiu6 ri'Lj r ,. B-b i 41

_rpi g=° - a-; r ,

0 ý,. A cu u lf::.. J 1 Li,,. b öx., ai 14-. -; 4. i. 1.:. ý u HJ -) U1 jU 3 ö, xi I. 3

""a, S.., o r)L. JIaý,. lýc ,ý

öýyw ..

C, z,; L_. t l ý1L l., i , 53 u_i U-

i zujI LLAb '1 AJy jjkj I Z)r lI `U bI Lri r.: ý.. v ºýt I Iý . ý. , s. J

'l J-41 iL 4J Z. >. ILO 1gt3. L ä-41(J 1Jýü1r., zsl 11. A L-" I. i

6 U. 51 W. I c; U 1 0,45, E tW 1 äß. _. ä L1., c 0 l_J I ý,.:. J aU 1 11 j..; uJ (

Ii Z)_4 l0 &r - Iý`J IJ1 ý3» Irk I J, 3 joi

vý. ýý äl ulI A-i ALr. csjj 41 al I,:.,

vti.. ý1 l-JI. 5 1- 14J1 vv,

-. 6- 4

J. o Ail II

1. \Z,,: zut-o A;, SLAA, . 1ý.; JM l. c LJ I . UJ I L41: ß .cIj

lJ' Z)-; j ýlj t,. U1 ý.:. c veUIj mw L-. jU lº - L. 'q ý:,:. > ý

r. L.., .ß Lj ýI g1 JJj >& rte: ci t>. pi g UJ 10 L55., ß, Ij . U. I ý.. ý. 5"

r lg. ;, -I L w't ab, [N.. d: s L c!

ý}. ý; 1 1 ýý j4., A (> I, ro ; J1 c. s>. j A1. ý.: ý, %1I j. 3ý c. ý. ý; Z) lS 131 L4>t_'

1 . 1äj , Lt-: LL ý.;., ýý FLý. ýwýi c. sý Vý-'ý^''.!. °ý ý. c.! "°

. l. _. J 1 K. �, i. i r. _. 4.1 ý (: 79 ýz JWI

LA 14 UI

3Lýýw c. ýI, "i

JI csºs'. j J1 c. ri

e- v J-41 Lri -L!

-ý-s Q; U O=b

AJ jU l. o. S.. ý. ý l+ VjU,.. ib A; I y_) j1. ß cS at I . u4 L 4.. Zj jU aU L? o j'ýJ

LVJ v '-U rs1 a . iJJ Juj

uxs au3s tl,, ý .,. W &t JL J -. s aus '- ij JU, rJJ, s tN. >1

u' J1iU ý, y,

' ý-s"''ý' °1'ý1 ýý ý. 1. ý1(, ý° e`' ýýl. ý jý cý'ýý' �ý° a; ý ý, 5.. 1, r°. ý, I ý. o r. 1. rýý

""A . LLý) + 0J9, w ""

US J,. J Li ä , J-a_1 . gym L-,. 4 j-U: x. j c. t. ý. z &i ( ji J cs'

I LiL;, o JJU I cs--, &LL. L. -I u... -; - Ls-ki

js 3 . t3ý

IN , . 9j 3 i. V., ý, s o, "... ý+'ý I ýý LA LIA

. tý-"ý a'ý

ýý 9

LoL4r 14

, u'I LuU. 3 (,

1`c NO i

j ýr°. 1 uij LA Ii i L-8-: ß bjjj rPj 'ßc. 5-+ I' . ju

L,; �V

t"YAC.. Lr4 �4 ui Lo JL ci jl. -- it. u

Li , r.

l. si-,

J-*>. cALr-! Jl Uýý Ar- ! ý)u 0-4- LO jj. --r- Y-1 r. ýbl r UýQl I

C4 6 rix. ý du Lo (ý.

w I &. J. LU &. ý3 A-t ýs J1 Lsi LL=il

9. r ýl.,. J 1 a_. c I�11 ..

;jl :3j Lhx j LA. L1%JL,. 1;. r- : r; 14J l3 4tj. Ll l; ULU 14:.. 6y:, 1 cs rr

ýIrJI vtjfj ß. s3 UJI I,. iS 4. J1 I61 ýy3Jl ýI j; ýi . J, ý3 in; 1.. ýºý

, S3 J3J I_ sý JI vl c ß. t1 ,, _. ý" ß,, 1I. 1411 AMI 4T I

1. x;, 3 I, Ci ILO--j I L-44! UJi , ý. L ý. JWI ryu I

W. L11 is ýj I Cýz .: ý: j I tzsý lj. -. J IaU01

. wui ý JýýºI rýuI ., --,, J. . ý-ýý , '; mot ..

ýý'rý cri irý-Ijý.. 1 ýIjq, 1JI s., l.. JJ C: Li vI l_. 1I

WN -e %ý. 0 kj u1 U3 A.. Sj jlýj J-41 LIS Lý Lr- Jj zrýý"Sý4 li Z4 li

r41 us.;.: J V,. > , :. c Z:. - ; JJ-j I ol, º Ui ýrý r. t r -i--11 r li 3'

c. rýtt v-l: U j 1:,. IJ 1.: i 1: ý- ul3. L. s11 r-J ,, UJ rS.,, ý x3b rs, Ls

i WI r4t.; I,.. -3 U-P%i I LW %-kS rSJ CI . Jj 6 &4:. O., al rSJ Pn jr

" cc : '4.

Lk 1:., UIu . s..: ", ltä. j .+I LS

csý° c ßy1 r. ýS. ý (. S:. ä. º ýI r°r1(c. s'ý ýºýý cs' ý ý' :'4 -'''ý

1" l äý yl :1I ý}. ý. äJ I vti. c L LL l; ý. u rJ- I u. L Jj 0-41 -

ä)WI 3

0 11 jlý

Ol Ls; L-: ý;, I, bi cr5l ý., bi L, ýl le. UI

JUý JU dL JU s 1, [\. i]

.4 rj ß.. e1->., 4 I _j jT Z) Jro., uu 3

00M- Oý ""

r.: -; -' Lc v ,34. >i iý-° &-e ý. J,;. ý 1.8. E lý lseý I &A mal, i u)Lý (si. -�

ý,,,? tý ý. ºý, ý, ý ýý ý, ý ý,. ý oý JU jU J1 e. Uj tobj-;. i )l 1 J1 i

älo Lrtj . u. 6 I y1. ß. avIii ý. ý lm)Uý .4 AJJI u,;

r. r? ý%ý ýý . rte Ij OIj. UL ýS 3UjL..,

.ujý. a aL, o j öjsý v 1, ß,.,., o

ý1iJ1 C7:.;, U1 9S rý-ýº ýý ir_'° Lai r, -&-. ' 01 -11 vt. ý.. ý, ý.. I 61

UIý:. ýý l.:. J 6 ,y

Ij I . r--ý. ('i "0] rý. rý o. iI rý I sJ-j - r-., J I ir) I

J'A U-11

I. U r. Lýv: ý-? ýJý c: tvJ I ý, 5. ý. ýb l_ Ij, r, f ý. g r. f, Ij ös . 4j 1('., ý'"

cv 1.1x. 1 r.., ýn 1 r., Qj ýý. .LJW! aýJ

ýe 'r" 9 lJ I td ;JI cs'j w6UI . raj

Lo rla-e oij* &-4 -WL

Lo O-S, &L; -J. C) ll,

L4 r... " JIIUxtIr. ý, ý J. P 11S Ij J.. I ý., o F lJ 6

.ý rsi Al JA r. g t vý4 C! 1.1ls tel.,, , ri ýJl

r-6 .. 3 -s4-; vr° r. I &A 4l u U11;.:., a; 0-* 1. o-- W v-4

iý Lj r-Q ýL ý ý4J ýý., AJJ ( d. ý.. ý ýt'r [1" `l j a:.. c vgl...; v., eý O. m r aJJ I ä. A. ý. ý rS13i

l. c ß.. 1.. c1 j. X 4J 1 . '" UlI Lo r-W 1L3 ln.; r$5. jIjUy 13. WJ I CgoiU

I aL 'i . 5ýj au 1 Utj &. 4 Q)

öj ..

1JLli..,,. J Abjt. 1 Ij !;: 'I I vt T ,.: ýc' LIZ6 Lrk-I

r)U UIb LL. U . ý.,. ý..: J- L;: j t-J- I LrLc jli lm. w

v 1. kt IjL. -.; ti I Lrýj lvI Z)J.: J I C;,. s. ý k. J I

F LW I '(. S , I, o U. IWI,. S,

ve I C- %I

ire-1 ö, 4I vWIý.. ý F Iý. ý..: J IL Li vt. r.,

LS J-JI, JWI c. z

U. 01 wl - L--i o-0A L-r- L-4-. J - U-J.

9 ßr'3 fir', ii ý.. Q.. ý. ý; I r--! M. Jjsý il

1 C' 1c

c 5ý'ýl Iö I' r1 I'c. s'ý ýýý ;JI J1

Ui 1I eJ L. l., 0jI

j 1.... j UI . ý,,. s,..:.: J Iülcý, ý. ý. Iý lm. x ; º. a..: _; ý ý, :. 3- I , +. ý5ý Lri

. -) ä. o j C;. 3 u Iý 1J

16ý; iý 13 I LIJ

j. m A ;lu v_v j ä.. L,, 1 öýý... J I bi jro--t JJI blý. C

1: ß.. c3 I.. L5 blS `` JU . kti1' ct1 fllj

OlS au Oý c u$ ,1 cs.. räJ I Is

yjs ou ouj

rsýj -rýl u rirýl ALCý vi 14 L4 4.6

t; cjUl r-ý. . 96

; ;. 19 1 ji u di j L13 ;. >-) i' l> r >,. ii ýj> 61 -4 Jit>.. i Utj-J &. 4ýp w �r-> cu

c,. o r-W I[1. A]1:, >

"" Dý

J1.01 l: ý�yt L. r. ... J IV L-1 Zu LS-Aýj T

r. ýý: la. ý. ro -3 . ü., 1,. 0,, E I r-' ýrý 1 lý, 1

ý. QJ I, IjJ I Wt

-$, ýý ý.. ºýL- i) i rýU lý,. ý

- lý 1Ir:: ä e rý: ý

rte rs3 .ý9, lm.. +j uUh Lý. l h Zn.; J I oj.. ýJ LQ

k 1.1 le

4L4 j-. ju. -0 LýJ I L;, J

31.12.; J, J ltlj II lp l LJ. c ij ., 1I L

aLjIvWI

GIý. ca,; j L't

't UL j rjoj

kr. L431 [1" 41 aw. l,. cº. 1I Li, LA az l.. I L-4-tj rylJ I

ýºýý rý iýLb: fJ. L z Vi i, , 1)1 C;.. L b, L. 4-. --i ý}. ý, ý I Li i

l_J Iýii %J j al-i; 413 ryJ I 4.,., ý; LAJ &IýI, J I ,... S j l., ýv,. ýJ

Jw I r.. ýJ 'cý'. ýJ 1.. ß. g v LQ I It 1I oij l: A vý. ýº.. ý�r-l I c. sý I,, Sý+

I' q JJI Lrij L& l.. ý. g. l. ý.. ý I .1LI oýý.,. 5... 4 UI 4ä. _. o. ß. ci1; w ., J 0,...; J I . ý. ý..: aý

ks- %Y U. I e. S L. L-., j "jkl lLsý

I r> A .UI jý.. L-Ul ,. ý ýaý.

A. ý ;iWI-UI LJJ.. L; j L. JSt I J--0_4.. O Lr;

ý.:.. ý ý u-gT JIý... Q; Li b.. ý,

ý . ý.. J( ýy.. t i , _.. t

Loý CC- C% l:. m ýy, L4 j ry, l. J

Lj `s', ý I Le

i Li jWI, La JI., ý Zýj ý. ý I lý I LSJY

Vii. v LSJ (-i.. I ý le- II

vJ lý-I 'L; IL. i _ ýU Iý

.ýI csý c. ý is sý

cLsj' Jj vlý CS3

uJ. > : J)U, b. > Iý o�ý. JI e i. ý ýrº-t .ýIý. l.. c ý'ý

1,,.; i ý r. IA ý,. ý.,. r, al r+. r1r r-; Lij ý ric-I y x, 11 oaz C;., I uj

-' , aslo J JU a;. >L J JU-; I, b vUUW ! wj . u,; A.; L L5j J

LP YIlsJI ý4 J-ý. 'IJJ I jS1 &r rZI aJ _AI ý. c lj-. 12> kJ p lJl r-<j

C44 ti jti ,V Jti , eJ JU aJ.... lk; J, ct. J JU a ..,, ý 1; 0 U ý. ý ýý,

. l. c r:. 4. } *1y '. rýL I alt ý. °J J. Lj

00 ; ýýA r )Lj I ftj--, P-6 -- L. izj LL1U1 ýwý F l. ýJ I ;Jl.. el, , ý5ýS

ä( 4) L°' c.. r°j

i 16 _)

Ii r-'d

L. ý; .

ýý,. ý, _. " r'1. A.. r `uJý

A ti w- Li I, r-A I CýLL. 6.4 0. I

.,..., ý; 1.:..., i ß.,; 5j , l.. _J 6 1)

iJJ IbI! rw I ý. r! ý c-I J_sj jW I, i, t. JI . uj..: j, ä>, ., o 1: ý.;

%. W Li

1 L, NIN 11

&J. u I-.; ý l. o. m. L.,. ý.:; j lSJ lj ýýJ lý, ýJ I j3 1.; A , Si r L4 ,.. ý+-1 1,

co t. j ulý LOUJ I liji ý-Jj IC ; -L 1.. 4l. ä. 4 , 53 . Uj

cc I c. s'j L° 0. rL 1.: L; jj Jlc, s, LA lý r)U 1, ,l rl1 ý.

ý; 3 cAUlc. zz, o Ujt, J6;. L..,.; J (i .o-. j- l2J I ,.. ý5ý lg.; L, Ij Z) L

111' ]i \j A; I csj JU-1 Ij LI ýl

ý7, ý1»

,6. ruboll

ý1JýS ,,.:. ý. h.; L .JI rlipJ Iö lý, JIII, ý+ 6)U yjju

, d1. ß., L JJ -. , JU -JU LWU -A: Lj JJr j P--= d4i JU -JU

4JA. l_.;.., o 411 LrsrUSja.:. ýý"_aZ.: e Lv . L3 L.. j Z-Z, -, J

Iuý+ D jý.:. Gl. ý 0.3 66 I au 6rWIa.; *j J1. ß . d) y &ýý

. r4l Jý uU LaJ I c: rj jt-I j 1. ß j 1-u v.. j. U L rJx. i JLm as b l*J dLi

** LSI-4 Al -*

< <h 1V

c LO äJ U l, c LW ( : z. Q. i, il L-1 0 !J iU! i) U.: (j 4JI Z Lo

c,. sýý c5. s-b °, ý. Q. gý ý Via; ýs'ý 1

cý". f-'° i: ' ý,. o, ý ý c�sý ̀ýý . rte: cý-ý1 ý

c. s'ý

O Le I %-U l 1:. j L {j Lc jU{

Iij Lx Ib 40 ;. 41 C.;. ä. b. äSrý lý lg-o-, ý %s ý -. iºý11 ýj. ýo y, ý. ý, ', I

r (\ \ w) 5L i, 1J cri, tILJi i , r. ý;

. x.,.,; ý:..; bIu Ij L)J I c, ý. Swý..., ý. -. 3 c;, t... J I c, UI. 5 , jjL--J

Ns lJ l., CýJ; v ;iI

U" Iý vti... J I . ý:. 5 vWIJ, J,:,. ý j WI

. c. s", r.. J 1 r. LJ 1 Z) U... L (Sj, JJ 1-l- L41 Uz; is&; L rL4i.., ý'9 % 11

3. iJ ýc S L3). ). 3C S L-41 -WI ýjj Li a Ub vlJ IS jý L; %; '?

. rte! JS Ji j c: ývJ Iý 'J I c, uiJt 1bJ, ý, UJ Ij ä> °

ý4 ý,. ý.! ýý l3- I . aý l"ý. ý. ý,. ý1 r. S. ý I: S. Lc cs)ýý1 ý. ylJ r.. ýý.: cý-ý'ý' v-° l_

_ 0,4: j ß. y1,1 I` I_ rII

'r I IV *. - Cq U- I

y° -' IL tv ,QC.

cSrS-Uj f ý, r.; I. bi L.,. ) Iý r. S.. ý I L06J j c,. zI &', I t: S v IA U

i- le q Y(ý [ 11 i]4,. SS

U-; j 11 cs.... ýwj 3) ý:.;.. ci ý. U( ", -I j "',. o] "1 rjj

. 4ý4 1

'4. lm J JW U., > v_'r.. s ä.., w öß-4. JIe ýrý . ý' I ý,. ca ( ýº ý.. G ýý

__J, cS ab 11,. x. 5 JJ, Si; j , 1,. x. 5 c: l ... ý vj JU " cs-ýt°

.ýý. ýýtijU "rQ J-*-ýW JU V JU LiU

,eý jJ' ! Js vi ß. g. 1, U U '' r5: j vii 1 ip,

ý,. all, J jL4 Jl dl!. ) -L- --q J, JU 0-* rziU Ai oil L5 rl-o

" s~JJJ

)LJI Li'! I

UIýl.;. i gis, a. c1 r. ý, _, ý :äI ýr.: ýL ý, c. 1. ýº Iý ä! ä Lo ýý

I u. j Lx! wz3 j 1. o4-ä

LxJ I LJ I L..;::. ý, ý. a, J 1J

, i-$ 4L (v ý üJýý+l ö1 ýi

w it il

Y' t1 tL. ý. ý.; ý. QJiý

I; J I CýZ. I Lri I LLA aý

., e. 4 &, ß.. Q1_ L, aJ ILpl.:. sý ,JIL.

z... ý, o; All cs; I C: i

ýºU. ý *2 1

.U ýJW AJ j UU; IV jU ar.; ý jU

Ui I aýý Iv ýaý V Ii : 4Jý ýe ý1s jtT Lv, ýý '21

lhc j a: s j') .; U.. Lt-(-- &j . l'. s . ß. -I

c,. m L4a.:. 4 JU A; I A. %r. J-, j-j , Wxs bj Ss j vl° L;:,:, VI

lj Uj th. c 1. > .W (,. J j ý. -Ij .i L- aL. Sj cy -I aty , JI

vr° a143 &A U-v.; l 1., ß j A, J. 44 &J p &4; U VI

tt l; lii 15J I Cýjj vý. M JI (11 ̀ % l ý,; a,

F V, t1 1O, LJj i,, r. 1i 1-4 ---i I. )U I J-Sýj Ij., QlJ ri CA12.. a.. J r= C). r11 . ýh. ý; C)IIA

LI<Ui , I_4 I ýý,. ý1 I. ý -i 4ra-I rill Z)1 L ull

1- -1 -uI vlS.., wl; 4a.

o. ý- .lL

,1 ums'- .vu 'i, °, ý. ýý gW

I4 2 o31 JI. JI OL5. wIJ WI, _-

UI ý:. Vý. ý n... JI ý:. l. o4:. 3 1 :. 4 1. b. 1I

. ý. ý.. ý,;.; c,. Ai. g. l W 10 lI IýJ I C: I "43I l.:. J I

. r.. 6PLZ ,... gJ

o ýº41 mit.,

ý..;. µ+

ij`j et oe.:. i\%, ý. 1. ýt,

C- %c. %9

c5ýj UA býý-v U

bli r-I I

r-iw )L-;.. u -

L-JI t-"L-P, 6.; j

: UI Aj ý, ý. J u I, ý UI. IA LJ

. kiLLI

lr. LJ IUo. uo L,; ý,. ý , ýj1 ý,.. c Ir is . ý'l

y% . JJ I 1, v., o ýJ,, *., S, JI. Ur 6j 1 ý, SJ in.;:. 1 (.; j K. - WI. csw

I ýýI aý i. Z WI$ I_ [ 11 Y) UJ ldgj ci L> LL L aJ I aU 1

4-ý t re--r- L j24 -. ý Lr- t. -U ts eL-) ->. ý* ýu ýp- im Z) 31 &Z ti 4ü L<, -*

ý, 5., 4 (, 1`c, Jr- .'t, Sj t" Ja' 4u, ýl-9 ', 4i° °. '. 3' v, ° -gm 43l A r-4:.. -:

. 4J, J l.; _gm oz ld. > LA r. -' 4 ý. s, Lr Li (' '"

v; 4I öýy. ý c

LWI i, ir, JJI ,,... ý., t. b. JI, LUD I

. 'I U-6

r" Lij ý. . ý. I, UJ1 "ý.. c ýo, ý. t ý.. cý, 11 U ýJ I lam. cr' c: r-. r-: J tý I,. ur ý; a 1

AU- lcýzz ro \r-

I, J I [11 A] ýI,,.. J ý.. a Ji I) I : ý:. 5 L1 >, ý.

j,, ý- %* 1J

Jlac L4iI Je I rýº., Jý`ý1

I J1 (, S JU

`° ý:. ý 14 UI . ý,.:. ý. ý

ýý.: +w J... J I cam u . &r -c t:

I r- I

Ju U. rjs-l &)Lz j &J. - wix euij Y, JU 44), Jt

. aJ fil my, ý ,ýI vý... w ý. ý, t ý,:. g.;.: ;ý1... ý; Iý ýý

.. aý. j£4 j 9. J I ; _�. A, ..

rJ, z I-3 ,,. 1 aIä... ý. Al. 9. I u1.1j5 a7 I x,,. 11., IM Z), u

. r? LxJ I L. g :. 3 ýý iI [\\°]

r-1-: '&-a1 U, ýti bib ýcji (t 4ui ý., ýi

1 a, I, LJIa Ii rpIaI Irl I, ý. 1ý 1 r. _ 14.1 I ýW

lQ I),

1j Uli I L5ij l:.. it. W l.;,, o ý. o ý1 Icß, Q. 1 -I L .c3 äa yý; l

. ký j-4 JW 1 ,.... ý. r. cS, 3

LV CG C1

; ui &u. Ul' UI,.. jwi ý,. º. , 4.0

, -- I. Wl

. 1S . uý vJl.. f Lj r.. l I Cw' ý5 Lj oI lJ 1 ýt; u 1. ) výl, ý

öJjoý a; 6 U 4*ýýU-j I., I-) ö-)-..,. J(b i& Lj J-,, JiI ý, I rU vI

. JJ IJL, g. X ä. ßu-)L 4-, Us 1.; &. 4 (. S. g. W äýe. º, JL ý,. " v l", I1

rl. Z) 1 tY" f4U to r rte' J-, J- . r5J ý 3. .ý ý1 b11

Ij j Lý-. ) j Lii V Ij Lw LM j U. A'I I Lýz., .j 6L<. ý

.3z L-5.

J)-4 -4 J' ýýS. J ý: U . s. ýº vý° g 6J-;. jLa. 'I tj ýU. a..

t'`1. y r-pttl ýý"ý. J 6 lß s}rý I rU I rSJW

00 ze5ý-4 ü UA

I J. O, j l_J l; 14.;. 4 Liý. ý ýý

. ºt.

VQ t5- ': tw

LA . Lj . ;j jLo jW Ij j13J

J MSJ Al _J I Ii, ý. ä. ý ý.. 1ý l. ým. ýý,.:,.; v I. SJ I, JWI ; S: u vI1. ý. ý. ýu

ß.. äJ I* -t

l. -4-ti, r; 4-1 .. j. Q. z l.., d 1. ý1 I

.vWI1. x. 1

G, ),; &a WJ U., -- ö-. ý ;.. t) lj i-s, -J I albs L's . s,: I r-i. l IrLJ

L. A 6 Wý ILeit., 4 LJ b jS li ý-, e. U . -. U LIS P-j

d .U1 ýý ý° e61. )ký ýt I

6 Iýj aU 1. HI L, U

.. i_,, J i ö, .. 13 JJ-*S &. ° °ju LJ. '1 I uw l-r. C,. ' Ii 1 lh. r. JU

O-b j rL- °,. ' I Z)jr`,, c j j) lam l, * L, -bj ä. ,. U 1 zJ ). gz U Iß, 1 I

NIL . NV %C.

ý:.. a'" ̀'Q-ýJ"' ý=`'J I ý'`o_'" (, ý' a.... l. ä. o. ß l. du I rj ö'_dJ LaýI'. Uzi 1z

JJI r- - r-- .; wJ r ui ° vIuLi j 1A., 1I Iý I. r; L8-ß t. ýiJ 1 vuý 1. . ..

ý-ýgý 1.3 (ý Iý raj 0»

u, o c. s'j /%L;.

ý , fit Ir '- I C.. L yý 1. ý. ýt III ate;

rij I cs Uj I mo: ýrºý vL"ýJ I ;: s L... 1L. v lj I[1YY

. ý. I..: ý. J \ý 11, t 1..: ; r43 <, j

JU. 1-, -; Iýi . ýklJI

. l. 4. g :. 9 ýýwý r. S, ý Iýýl.;. ý.: ýýý ýý

Y, JU-U, -- Crvxu, W- i, -11- ji cA ,, ter .Jlr. i blr is "I I

Y-) JL "a JU . 45.. Ju yj JU Y, J.,, ", tii &I

r4 JU _. L,. - UJ JJ-j JL . ý: &J JU

°-IJ OJ v-° r-8J ý-: -ýý ý:.? eýºýý vr° cs1 . rte, . e-:.., 'l ,Jl; W

_., A A-0 Ir -5J

1i . &--) JLj " r4. º JLj JL3 14 JL; 11

-'Liil yj -0 41 Jp ze

v. ý-; ý U.: "_' .) J1 c3.1 ! r: v ý-6 ! a: ( v. l ýý ý'"ý1 �. 'j

oj I uj

tt. - rJi Uk L.,,, v (SJ I

i. ýJ, SJ t�tY Y') r*>U Iu.; a. I, s. II

vvý. c. tI LO its r. -c

Le vUý 9

il RLJ 10 Lß.. L at- ýt

. ýý -UU L4.; i , L., Z), 4 -%j. 3 Z) r4 il

UI Cw_s

%a \S.

eb.,. -oz bi . rxUl C . ij r, 1I aU. p . WI rxJi Cýjj ý 11'ý %V %1

L4 j vý. r ,UlJI. dI ltb iJ . I,. 4) o- . -4J I .,., ýý LJI ob L\

we f- V-

UJ I ., ý rIL 1 Ißt JI. J10 t Ii JI o o.. e.,

ý: 3ýlJU. r. ̂a11 r! I raj jI-I rJjJ

C. N r. L

,. r-' I cA' l:. 1 t L; c, AJ 1 -6-. ý -ý Ii I- L4J I

" °. ý ýr . r_ "° ý-: W1 .ý b)

rk lz l.;:, i

IJJ I ýL1 Lip i1. uI. uIý. F ý5 1- I r, S�

Ij 1..:. ß. 1I -

`cSrjI j CA) t'160 " L-63L; jj U. 3 �ý i ,;;.: SL

i C, 0 Cs'ý 4. r-.., j... c ICj

Ls; JI &Ij 'I LJ

Lj at Lß»1

[\yLl. J. O01

tj ö-, *L 13rß' Syr r ö. )j... J I bib "u3 ýrº-ý je 1 r. ý, 3I rU3', 11

',. ) JU.., . �LLJ �LL . ijjj

,m oats c. J U 4j. rc' J- a-; &r°

jUd. ý., .ý ewe IjUl. 4.1 r., o ý,. ý. ýºI aý.. c v 1.1ý

Li Lo r1,. t. _1 v-° rJ-xj -2 L1-ß r5-'jri LiJ J-ote --Q ýJii -ý. ý

. is.. j Lj.. ui

MM M Oj ".

.- l_. l III Ljj C) tom;

UIý. ý. ýa, s I; J Iý lý. I ý.,. b..; L"; }ý ä; yLý1I ý,. ýc.... º L ý, y: ý. ý v l., elýý

11, }:. ß. e I Aj bt t crj u. ss . ü, " lý, J 1JWI

e- I11I c: ii 4%->, J I c>» r-. -; - 1 .,... ý5.. ý iii--e ii , S3 iii ý. rý 1 cs' 1. ß-6J 1. r-ý

l. ä.. ) I r; h; Ni-

.jJWI Olý., l. ý Iý ý, o-4I ý,. ý.. ;.. ý1 ä1 j3 ý L. 0 ij

[1Y0] , -Jj 6. u; I vti.. J I,. >L I ý:.. ýý l. _. 1 I Ar10

C7 ,.. _ý It- UI. vý.... J I

,,. ý5ý UIl; ý LaJ I .'. ' j'--. 4: A s 1,:,

\e Yt % ý"

.j, ; Ij 41 \'t

.. Iý

Oýxj-<ý J-6-j ", P-oj uA &. 57-11 J,

&JLL I

" 'j 1-5, U; vIU.,. -. i )kj öýt.. J Ie -- -J I r-. IrU .ý

JU 'JL Y, Jt JU J JU Y, Jl"s ,m AA 4 J-i i Y, JU (ß. g1

rJ. rito. SJJUý, )UI J v.. A IýýS... ýI 4J)

j IJ I j-A,

WI xaý &A L, - LW

-i A. 3 di JL; Lr. U. 9.4 m3 t>A r-<J Jam. Lru, Out )G%e- ö, i Liu J., ß. ti

., gym -11 All -1 _,; -T 0.4 ß, ia1 -I

""ý.. a .I oý ""

I,:. A i 0., 3,. 11 AJJ I wýýj 4,0 ý! Wil &. 4 ýj l. ý i ,,..:. t '1I ; A: j JU

RLjj rJ ýi Ll0 jj

w C- [ It - ICJ I uji I

öt.., ý . a.,. Jl; Jy, ý: J'a: . ý: J aws WI vi ýJ. ý

e. Lj v rý U f,, W i ., kJ 6 ti. ýj r' iJ- t; i ý, y. o ýý ý: Q..:. ý . -J L ý! J"; :, o vt .. r!

IM a Li r. ;: ý .J.

ý.:,. s t?.? ýt, 's'.? ' i :.:. l IIV, }'^ý ý.. Qý'ý. r, vVI

-- :ý uI A.: sLa+ L" ßwl ; r.,. sjV`%}ý e

L, i LtX Lp', l

.; �_. 4, L2. U

r (-C- f2 I

ricl Y. J JU rsu.. " 4. eA JU j> 414 C, 41i &A r>ýY. 3 ZYA Ylge ÄeA JU

31 ft,

5j LA 4ke I Lr4-L; ; -)ý IU 4ju 4 &. 1 - CZLS

Al j-L4j &ýýW -Xlj L4j3_) J-J-4 V r. ý Cýý 16 rJ-P-. j AJ

. LTJJ1

[\YVI.. ä. S,. 4 rj, i I_..

v . rev duisi Flr., ý,. ý L,. °

r.. ý+ Uj Z) 4:

j I b. u. o L. 1, i)

ý! '""r Vý-z L"k C sJ rid

L_ _ Iß,..:. 1 r Ji

ýýý1 101 L. Lc C. Z Ii C- JI c_,. l t t. bL jJ I- Lj Ogg :aL.. xc ,UL r4L. L

to 1S. i-'

SI. N t'1 1I I--, - a. L4J 1 C7: 3 , . l., JL4J ,., a. JLs r.. aJ I r-. -Lt

VZy :1Iu -i LW I r.::, Ný. ä.. ý., ý IJ c- L

.,. _.. ý..; Uk ýý ý. L

"ýL; j

JP- -1 u. > äxß 6 ,, o. ý jj. 1 rU ý'2 114

CjAý v-° 41 »j j aj s-: rQ-I I 11 uv LC x, 15, ý 4JJ IC JJU

LS aUsS t. Loº. Ls., v. o aJJ IaLor., ,,

[1YA]"" 45.. o v lii öý . ,. t

ýoýý I Lsi L, o ýi , jJ, l%; AJ jS L .UL. is uLj u)L, *11

T Lou- Aýý &A LAj Zýý IVI- L6-C- j Uj 0-

L-r- &. s I J_*j UA

UI Li jW WJ I C: r j.; w, J I. ß. 1 I ä. ý 11, (i, Li

vti. ýJ ( ý, al, ,lc.

ý -1, ßy1.1 1 ,J lä.: 4 äa ýl..: i Ie Iý. t

. L4 rigi. s -eh &U 1ý1, , ý' a1J 1 üL cu 3

. om 4u 1 Z) 1 r. 4 J-: J r9j . rte ýJJ

""o. ý. ý. ý. ýJ I bJ9.. N "" M"

jIU. ýý b Jý &-il A-ýj &-4 &Pbj A U2-rýj

Ltw ýý Cpj

I jjj 4_rj

ci Lil 6)U *11

r->u I Ul

_,., n 1[\Yý1 r4 d-, ß--9 &A lýý L Z) b wite. 3 Ce ril. 1 r4-w

. CS. 1A

... ý,. o vII öý .. 0

j.: - JIjJrý) 10ý JJ IL44; .r. a-r_ý U4>,; J t7a -tJ Ii . LW I sý I-Ii j

lc- II

%t- IV 1 *1

J-. ooj C: kA Y1.6JI L-ýLp, CI

ý, mý, rý. ýc AU 1 . rý. ý., (,:, lam' ° Li rý ýý j lýJ 1 ý rýý Lejý:, La,

ý' ý1

. o,: SJI "j a -1. t I,, _! S L.. J e. LJI ß: 3j

v. ý. se öj, ý.. J I eý. m . ý: I ý,. L I Lk ý'l

Lc LJI rS< ý 11 r5J b lt' 6 (,. 1, "-' ý. ' u 1;. 4l yr jJJ J, ýz v iJ.,

" Vý"ý'

0 V ra I ua-lý-j jxL U bjj LrLrý ZýW I a.. ý., c-Utj ý Lr L-1

I ä, SL U. C).: J 1 . h.;...,; j t-ý U3I L4,. - fj i ,,. h. º

ä l3- I

ýf lY

CýL r4; S L-,. h

U6 X31 j1SJI yr'ý _. JSI lvmu, t,. QJ1J jL<JI

JW I ý.. 1% ä.

ý.; ýýý QII. ý Iý

11ý U,. ;JIö1. x1 IgI, jI UJ 1 r., ý. º ö, ý. ýg l1

cc CA au 1 Z)kj r. -4j 1 03W- I la-4. a ý. ýsý rA.. r -I ui_r- r- uj I . ý. +u

csý cs'" Is3- lS ý..;. ý ýý as ( uJ» cS r? ýý yrs.. J cs l;. t cJ 14 UI

Lo b1b , -, -;

AJ r-Q3 r. Sýý AJ j Li

". r. ý: º ýlS vý iJJ J). ' 1A JJ

f Oý ""

v ý; º:., a Ji ý, I a. ). 11, r. s ä+i ýrýua1ý A csýJ

cR cs-. J I, j , y. ý 1, ä.;..; ryJ ý. rý c; I; 1 1

-s ä. A, y-,; ý

, .ýJ. A . 51 r is bot

r1. ß ,t1, . -9 vu �+° 4u 1' 1 . 4.. y i .AI lire r4 vý jý

. ý; oýiil ýýý;. ý., o

I=I o-O A! LJ I 10, ld l: r. ̀, I

102. r UsI; JIu. i.. 1; ), pj.. J Iý. ý1.. ý. ý I. a w rJJLi Ij z) &-dj

L' r-., !jA Ui I

. Ul U- It

4 -,,! k j ajeju Li

1. ßi1 I &J I s, » U; L (

Irý.. Q.. )i' UzJ I .,... .; ýylb JI '1 t J. k, J L, Q)Wu

U- 10 Li, J, 'II :,; i rxti ,1 ta16 tsi, I

44. ju-Ji i L5 Li 4j Z)jjý- ýýj

c c-% Q

... vJ l3. I ui b jý, ýiw vjý..,. o i Ij I. I c. s' I., ýL) k' ý; i u It- U

j. >l o ,, e: ýjl Zlr is .ý "'I

j J"-*r L, rl, ý L--4-. J r4j

. 4J'1

.. aS.. 4 vu LJ I., öý .. i

Lo j Zl-'U;

i <,, ij l b3 L1 'i r. W1., ý�-,..

xx 1,11 ý.. ý v.. j 1 Z) t. S:, a, tý rý A 11 11 0

. L.: !1 ujJ LL" 0. *r: vW- I C14. r-4 ji L4-. -"k , ICJ I C: L W IJJ

R lýJ i ,.. ý. º ý

., Fu! [\ rri r t. ýý. ý., ýº 4L i I: ýý I; J i

b' ALA F

1'1 o 't

ýq l .y

l. ý't., o ul ýl_, aý ýý ý... ý1aý öt.:. ý. t äýy.. ýJ I ý. üý ý . l. ý°-ý .. tý: ý ýýý ý+

ý. ýC Jý

ý.,,, ý,; Li, J, ý ý . ý.;., r, a iis1 ci 1i UU1,,.; 1l j) U

. 4.4A Ju 31 rS,: mkt ju

r" ýQ ýý siA7 f" wVJ __

w ILA atý

L... k. ý,. ý j3L,.! Lj1:. ý t3L l ýýýu, ý ,:. c º ö;. o. g l r-: 2 ;

;ý I' vý,. ýJ JJ

L_,..,. ý, b; 4. gß I ,,.,..

ý, , ý,.; ýºý I.,,; ý. AIA. t 4.. ä. lkJ Ij. o, ý.; e wu I II,.. t' Il . ý�4

tt MI L'La t3z1,4ýlji . r-ý:

ll\Zý k1l - I-

eý ýr°s . ý-. 'i f.. c ýº ý. G Jý 43

yj jl 'J JU & 3Lv4. -v jU UJ JU a.. 4 ý. ý'- ý

" ONA J. 01 Y. ) Ju

, ý! Lj JU

" ; J-Oow ."

Lp AJ_Ij CyA ejphi ; -: j-U LUjL

tjýU VI i ci ýT e

Lx.: j L;

1y t. g 1Ia. ý, ý U, c rJ U- I r. _. I, I r5jt+41 y

`1JI OL<.,, (a. ý. c yr»>

L5. )Li I . r.. aj aL "U L-W rl IU

Jx; 5:; L<,, L. 4 Aaý-.

A. ý ýý erg c1-. s 1, u L<,. Jj J LS , ý. >J JR

I L,: 2J II vWIc, s. ý 1:.. r jp. -J I

nýa. ,oIj0-; -J. 1cý,

ý,. oL"1ILA (SIJ11 J. 0.. ý. JI ,:.; *.; JL C

v-, \D

. .; 1L JjLJI c,, ýj t--ý

ßL', I Jj 4JJ I +ýý,.

r Iýiý Jul 'Ic :ý It. 1J I

ý., ýýJ ä;. SLw 4...;: tsar v; Jtit. I Lj 1 bl.;. c

ý, 311 L1 rýt. ýc 1 rý-i , yý c5a>> c. s '. tý

aý ä; ßl; ,sI ,jJ ltl;., 1 ý. u 1() tg. ý, *,

jL. JI Uj, '

yý, u J j-<j au ,r r- J p1.3 r-<- r-<x. j3. ý

ar'., o r.:. gý t3l., QJI; vz. ý ytJ, sl L. ?a LILU JJj WSJ jUt .

jjj; Ji 41 vti, t,. " 1xý,.. -*. zr. LW I

ä41 r4J J U. ý IU

0 ,,. $'

.. j. tI ..

LT 0,., jWj

C;. ý.; I\ rN1 01. ) rS,:. ß a I- L J-Z IRl_. &J--U IJ A*-? -I LrLrý

1.4 li zl. -jJ I lý. J I . -Jj r- L

.JI r8 ýi r vý° ýI

o,. o. g. J I U. I t,. ý j t-jý { ; -r. Li I ýlýöý

1ý tW 1c l1

L;. r-4iý L. uli ;j lU- IL+ vU. I , ºI Cw u Ir. lw. j

4;. ýl J. --ä1 , j. ) 3 a! J I)

I LJIj t3)W14JJ J Lri

VI al IVjIJI1;,,,, c n: yL` öýr, ý 11 bi ýS ß. r4-ý ji

JUi sm 41 Z) 1 , AJ 1 .33 )kj41 . rSJ J,:,. Z.. i 4 dIIJý 4 it,

L4 IiT J- {J:

j , c«^ iUUb6

LAS . %l,. J 4

j-;. ý. .3ýJW

Z) 13 i

J>.. )

. Jwl lýJl Lýj �ý rSJ Jai U ý. } -1 , t. L., Jl LJt, o ý.. rý

ryJ J? 'j r. J 15,

j.. 57JS

r-5', J J-" :4 js C06.4-. j IL4s--j

JL. Ul

A ri 6 di JA

sz ;_ w

. -Výs -Uj J-

IJU LSA&5., vIjUJ )Ulljp, ýw 1, x11 c: ile- l.,

ß-41 JUL; r-E. 0 l cýý

Lj I r_5_

Ij-.: P JA! Cý-4 A-j a-L**U J-"p J-Zj- e. U JL4 6 Ll

"S. ULj -1 Ij

40 .w ýý sI'..

ý.. ý. 1 i .,.,.

11" Vý x, 11 ui 6 LL le.,.:

1ý ý. ý ý. ýJ 1J1., 11 ;. ß, ýý,. ý. ý,, 1 lL -'

l,;, m ,,; LS r" 41 ý.., ýý.; ý,. ý. ýJ ! r. ý. ý., ý . ýJ I

a1.1U , 0auI 1U, o. ,.;.. c JA c, -.,,

JI oý LJ ro-t -ý,: i

ý,. z IrlcI

Lj Ij -*Aj V.. -ail JJI jj3. LyLQIj aJ r. SJ , j. tj j'

1r-' & Jj

i,. =S ot JU 1öd. l raý 1(l r1 Li o ,W i ý: ý (J 8ý

(ý I Cýjj ° (. J ý., ý; Vty. 1- i

1... ý, ý. ý b 1gro

. ý.; r lb. týu LJl s Zr-. II Z) K.,. lj F UI ; R y

614.41

. ºw. >ý: J I LrLrý ali L- L. i... 1 IJWI vl Ij vti... J I

1U1,. ß, lm. , ali Ct- JI C;. L jjL I %. Is L4 Jr- ý. eýýý lgJ I jrýzL LJI aL

'-I to L-4-I., 4 Lt: lJ I[ 11" A] Crv,;.,. &, L:,. gJ iI_t., cJ I ,, -

aJ (j r, ý31j j I, i11 ;. ä, ý. ý3j LJI .ýý.; lý

" CýJ UI Li Lob, U It- UI

L5 ýý ýý ýý

ß, s. 1 J-, - uJ_ 610, J. --c- j i,

ý, ý ýru boll

Lou-IIJ &4)u ri cilit'i Nýý-4

r. j.,. o yj jj-ýj oa-. -4j-

Wýý L4 r

.U dl j1 i& b j. L. tU ,o 4J

00 ; - , ý5ý 06. Ul

ab !t 3s lJ u'. L:. j Fu1 Lrw 0

&. &d; - L& jYUi lr .y, u, I C.; vIt- lJ Y

. t;, r l L;

.J 4I1

is %I t.

ýrý° `t..: b. °. j! ý) ý L4 J ci t, I t. ý, v. ý wilt rL, JI L-1 ýy j ý, ý

4' w c. 1

L. -. -'

ci ji l. ý lj- ,RL. j 6 c5 i? '- 1 . r? ý! ß,.:. J1

. ý? 'ý

.FI,, I1ý lý I ý.. ý. º ý. ý? '. r'ý, ýt ý l; 4u l, (1 rg Ilm. ý. ý. ý a

,. h, w 1,. i rJ, z j, > i, o _gil ý, z Iru b*ý

.. Iý AU IuLieI, o 41 F l, ýw ci U L2J I ALU )l, a i L4. tj rSJ

&* ZsSA jI--

,ZI.., $ c;, wý, J I Z) 1<..,, Ij-t. Ir.., ý.; 1;.. ý U., ji;. J

1' 4 L<t

,, 3i R LJL . Jj I ix I WI

r4-IS L-4

i... csý L

, cs ýýi , ýý rnJI1

ý:, SJJ vlý. i s'I It uI

LA r. ýS,, ý. vi äý; Lý'º ö1ý., 1 Ie t'z ,! '. ý r. i ýº ý. C J

ý.. '1u1 lgj .j , 6L a. jJILJ JU jU kU j4. tj

j WJ I

Y, cI_

ý... t 1.04_. 3 AU lbi j ý,.. ý i lJ I ,. J ji UJ I I., l,. i LT

ý"a' ej ý,. w .[1i"] l_., 1 Ij r)u I ,,..... 5 j ö.; 41

u LLj- U. lJ »-J I eix j, -t . r: 1 ý,. r ýº Lc ý'ý

r4J Zt..; cilj j LW I rSý. rlow 116 r. W II J-Lrý JJ LJU J .3 I

T-0 (1-0 J. "

0* Jj. Ld CýLj I--

bjj.,; Oý .J4

LJI , r...

S..; aW 4L Z' I ý,. ý l:. º eyý.. y., ý bJJ

Ni. %V.

lo. g lJ 1, a lxj Ai>. ý, )V I C:. L ýA. U I y) Sb1: 21 I . ä., Iij.. ý l_J 1, ýi

. , rý° a+yw ý, . ý. 1 L b) JU , 1W I LS U Li

U cal jUJ Ur- j2a. ä yU . )r. JIe lpý j., " Hl ý,. c ýI

x, 5,1

, ýh, º, ý L. rJW Ij 0.6 r. ýZ

aLh. ý, r-. i 45 a or- JI L .>j LL. S, l I4 ,wj Jai t. ° ('-W

.. £4 I bJ, fr. U

ci-4 o. r) b, Ld L Lt: ; M:, ý Z il ý,.. ý.. t Lj L-s-xi

y- le , it L: j 6-*ý L ;;. ýL Aj

r.:. w j-"l aj-0, tsi j_v.. -a J-. 01 rUý *11.

LO rutý ILOJLO--j I -L gý yui

ffr Oý ff

L: -r výur. 6 Is

i . )IJ c. sýý

vt :, J I ý.. c. ý .ºo;. o4J (L ýiý

1- ', It- UI

.ý iý

ý. iu

A;. ejJ U

rbk; j j_, A bj. Aý Ljjr. ý r

U. ý "', I I

. ýrJ-a I Lr. --w* J-J d4-) ý-JAL; AJJ--ý; J IVJUI . Xx

.. S.. 4 Ci L. )3 öj. .. c%

t.. m. ý. ý; rý.. w rxºi

d. Q.. c LaJ I

1ýý3 ul. ýýI. ýJ Iý J,. ýi ö».. J I a, JIr ýL' f

, rA i o-- r4i ý L4 r ýäýºJ I , gym alt: Lj JU JU 4sUjS L. ý w. ý. > ý a'l

AJJI 01

[\L] ..

_L,. kJIJ "

W li .I OL5ýý Ij L. -LL 0 li ci U-1 - Li - . L) .3 Lr"j

L :: J IIL Lr UI .Sj ab I) r_g.; L.. j 1 r'1 I

. lJ I ý;.. j l. ý. ,W 13 1 : ý°ý ýý .l

r. _tI ý LjI ý,,, ý 1.4. L; I iW1ýý, gis U ý. +I r- ý c5ý1 c. ý'ý

ý, ý... ý. 1 I ei., °.;. v. ýJ II �L ý.. eJ'2 I

)I ;JIdJjI b1 l. m. ý. ý.; ý.. eJ1, JIýöý1. iIJW ryJ I

L#-. J A. A 14 ,

&e. ý J- I

sui, *>Ui6A P-1 ,t xULý, 'i

J, "I IWi, 4; -c r- IiIo; j. i- j r-)J I -I-J

rý1.11 Z) l<-- 1, J.. 41 öro r° ill; [1fý r" I

. ýrýý c(, off .L Jt. f Al Wýý j_+}.: ýL

4r II &x o . ric

" V.?: ýýu

MY Oj ýw "

_, S j Lib jr; uiJ U- I C;. 1, m.... l> v KJ I

rJý., ; -LL; 1-J l; lz. ý:,. 1v l. gL. "L*P., J-j vti..:. J

3:, ý.. J I -1: u v. ý. ýý tJ cr' º-ýJAI 's' csr 1.1i l -, ý -1 u It- UI

. 4ul co

A; X. vom.: lj J-1 j, A

I bJ, ).. Q .

; zW JL;. j AxL"j g

L12ýj Leýý &A j

ri _+5 L

lUII ICJ I .;. l IlI ei . -A 11 1.3 iýjy

ýJ, c ý, ý. ý., ý LJIßi.: 11 ai ýý: J Lýº vti.:, J Iu" UiI 1 )1 ý

e- 1 ( $i r v-6= u 'ý- L

cry 1. ý.; ' [1ii]" vti.: ýJ Ir_, Q.; '1ý I ý. Q.. 1L

" ý. ý 4 ýs-ýýý1 ý1 ýLý, u6 vJ)L!. I ý, ti., ý�otl

Z)Uý Lk yj-<-e DIA uj jil r_ýA rU6,21

. W. Lai

ýS.., o d. ß. 9 (rg. 1( ö, ýw .

(., J ( rý 1

x. 51'. D:.

. lýj c sj°. j

l", ý. u vý J ý. a, ý.. gJ ý, , ýti ý;.. a, LPL ýi lýg. ý rl.. gj. ý., a, VU LOT ILI

ýc 11

Z). r°, it Ll , S3 U_j 1» a1, ý wJ I C;. o., 1:,.: J I JW I . ý. ý..; ý.. ý

. x41 L1. L l. ý. a. ý ý. 1tý I,. I ýs),. r oý -

. r: I ý, i I ýº

ýL ýý

;. JýJ'j , ý7iLfg ýý, s a; -W, , O-Xul

41 JJ. "

jw1 r-1o-3 ,u1, ý. 5ý ,; 41 rJai. r. S. i 14A :1 Ji jä1 Z)-9 rýj cisb-3

i4 ; 5,, 4.0 Lý, ý.; 1AWI

. )s c.: QJ 6 al a. ý. ý_. ý *$S 4,,. aýj I AJJ I uýj Nsj

1.;. 1 I u. �ýJrp l, °j Lp . iýtº ý. r_ý u j-0i

k-ýj L rs

LIptja Lc lI

vý,,, äý (�o ! tea I La j Jý., J 1 Dý uj jJ°ý .! -i

I (-ý

. gym iJJ 10 1. E 6

Ld I ;�

,. _.; %ý., ),, a w t-i) UI vt: ý. ý:

i ,.,. ý; [1 o) `ý .ý ýr;,, ý- I (i vti., ýJ I ,.,.. ý; Iý;:: º Ulj;. IIýa

(,,. p s. ýJ Ie ýrý-ý jJ i ý, s I is

ed -u IY'; S a: j jI r-Q J--j- lur-p &., 3J 16

.. ä. ß. o ý., - Iý .. c1

; Jj Lj Z)rS7., u. L,, L-J LI IS 1.. ý . ýc, l I ý.., I

LrLxý j,.: L I lit j L41j j IjJ Ij Ld I jpýLij L.:,. 4

IA LJI

&Jjj I 'Lo jIsj L,

.. J , js.. 21 I Iý... ý &- iJ b O1,. z)U JU 11 Iy-; l;

. 1ý. ý., ý,.:,; ý

-. (, <

. &k. *, ->N &UI Z)p

0. S,. 4iLnIöý ..

&-)I rJ oz W (1 01J. r' cs' ä ... A . u& 1 ýJ - L6-r-i o. LA vJ I JJJ csi

°i. 4' crL,: --j rz-A° .Ir: c >A r. LL 1ü L5... ' 1.3 ve-.., J 1.10-PZ.. -

yt I ryL Au l;

° c, le. UI

u r, W t4 -11 v 4_. i u.,. _1 j ä, t öý,, c s, ý, > I Ls-%j 137

UA J-j- blo. U-; J-tl r-i-bi r U. ý **I I

. 0.41 -4u

1 C. 4i A; -r- ri

I J-! A

UI bJ,

ä. S Lv

LC Z)-, ýj 1i Ki I

LL JI öý ..

C, A C) Li ej)U s-*- . u% L. h j- lam, 0- L. -r- vj. I J. rj C. 0 45,. °, obw j_os Lo

b°. r} 1 (5J 1 rS? 'I-131 t, -° )111t V) 1-4: -ii ý, ýýJ 1 LAI-2 4i ýý C°. 3 ß°,, 3. I

ýi1L 4r

. 1) L a1. ý. tjj 4.: - ß, ä, S,, i c,, ý;,. c l. o ; ýý

L4 rLxj 'ri

,0 X11 L4. tJ

0. a.. ). La X 11 öýJ, .. C

jzaý L;

cjý ;j -)J,

J I DI& L

" 14-J

I ö, 9�w ..

10t LW I uj.. L: I, tý lbu IJJ I lß. ä

qJjJ 111

AM Z)1.. ß l., e r-. Zl

. A; xý jxý ý J),

0. LsS, dwI öý .. 139

r: ý.;. ý I l- I ä. S L.. LL-.,. j ICJ 1 ý. j ý. cJL ld..; ;, iOL

CS- Ci-a. ' l° L'-:. ý° ti ° ii [Ni /1

aul$ J j*l 101

kJ UL I ,,

i; j IJ iý, c. sA. 4 &r° A. U I J6 1 Z) 1 1: ý: v Ic 1, x, 1 I

U. ý 02 1

"1 jý .0 Lýº

"",.. I J,. W ""

13 z)u z)I -eILJ I i-z-r- -441 ü. 4

. iL41l rwI j Li üL; -*=' I csN-j l" Q

. ý.. c ab . lU,

JLý:. ý, 1.:. ý (ý, t

" le a-I 1141 y Jký, --, c. *oj I &j. -u-4 ý

ý1 ICJ I .; 3Il; J I ý:. 3ý W (. r-. ý, I "Xi

lv. g (4 U Ii Lsi .LJIvUL4 Uff, 461.; ý s

0 L-4--3 r. bi Zmv-5.1; j I

ý; [1£1]v, ýi 1L J)T bJ, ).. J Io

j-j-JU-21 J-e----. ) JA 4 Hl ýu ý4y»

.. ; 4.4 Tj Lt I öyw ..

L; -. j 16. E

bLa, 1I vlS.., I, O jjI ý ^a'

yL; ý,,,. ý ýý tý. l I ý,,. > iä ý1. ý cýý.... J Icýýý. rý . ý-, i ý,. c ýýý lc ýýý

. lz I,. w 6 Is. ý. ýt 1YJß... 3i

.. aS.. a rLJ Ij -la r.. ýo öj.. ..

l, l?; ý Itl II zi r)u Io 1--I, J I_, l I r-lw e. Jj j ä-1 us-bi

1. c3 Z)ii c.. s1-r F l_. 1Iý UZl I c: r., ai j lI LW I C; LL.

ýl 0. It -Ul Lsi--j

&5-- Ij

czirýl & (ý

yj JL; _ei ti

1 b3> L. r

. ýs l i, -4

.. ý;. ý. i�.. UJ

.. ) j1b. U

u3 ; -;.

41 CZ3 (-eLr- e->- -1

C: ýl A; l jLso AJ_*i

L; L1I, J lip j loj a1, j äxu, i J. 1 j,. k; ti-Z4 & 14. ° ä., w rs sLr-. i ß. s :1

Aj. ý ý: rý° c. -143 . r° %ALt Ls; j I du 1 IOU 5, cýJr... ý, a: ýL aJ 1U

Z- .ig 1lß %v

aS. 1r. ý öý. gJ I . ß.; l9 l. ý air yýJ,..,. ý 11.:,. 0 Li aJ, ý ýJ 1j lam; as Iý üt lý

. ,;. I LsLrC ali uI Jh ý. ýu 1,,. w. 5ýj U C) Jý

k la UI

eL .U. Il. o vjý i öýyJ 16 . u- JJ JJ1 r. cIý. c

Ajj jS!

-. 1 6LA--W. r uj -,

e. ý i ý? ýI AJjj v-° ý, Lwli L C, J, p L4. ý U L$; -4 IL r, C- ," --ý I

ý: iJL y_) . Ili ; ýl Zt, -j urbi

. lJ I, I l. k. l I

_0 A. U I . ma I I, 1.9ý .,. J IoL r--r- ji

1o lm. ; ý. ýJýý (\ 01 ] ICJ I e.. ' II I) 5.

jo 1.3 ä 3r ý°c, ýý

. r-... 5. j jW I

" L-43 . t.,. ý C)jrý4j

. j3.; Vi V j. ýA LA -. 01-ph ui J. -ý r. Jý31 r U. ý "I I

.j aU I- L-Le r-strs Y. i. rs: sJ c. -, 2-4 A; -r- vom..; 1. ßj ,o

*1I ; >ILJ

.. z. S.., o a4L,. i1;.. ..

t; zi, reu i . ý. ý; t-. Ulj. r... jl i Wo ýý c

4,43 z), 41 rl. c3 L c3li ýr° 1- Le Z). J. ) 4.3 1- U, r. -5-; c5, i 4ýU 3S

Vj rj.., i IjI

.. r.. il , "A ; j)u Ui Jý

. mot Iýj 31 LJL rJi

"" äýS. ý v 1.. ý: +ý I öýyw .. 1

UI fig. _J LL a0

,,. Ui Ij 4XL j j-1I r'j Iýjj

ý' 9 431 r-; 2j

. (\oY] l; J_p L4j

. ÖLt I" iwcI

JWI d:. SL 1) ä1 ý> ýý

.l wl. - r)U I LgLt atL

VI CJLIuu j- A ; -%j

- r-O P. - 11 li - r4J 0 ljýj ij

4tý C! J)u

Y10 r�

tý.. e ., 1, . t-i, Jý Y, (uis Jj I C)1 Lrlrý

ý'. ý4ýýý

I L. Li Jul

j .41 U- ,. o t!

000. ý. 7ý.. o D-)A LJ 10,9. w ""

ý--u i l; tI. 21 L1 LI

"c51ý. 11r"ý

lg A 'A>. ulij 1.. J U

00 UA6., S- --

%, / 10 l; I bLLJ I

.; 4J I r., Sý L; ;., o

g t, zr,; -L. 4-1 vir J ýý

. it U JLf

LJ I vas 1I0J. ß lr LG Jý

.,. K. le .; 11--) J. ýr.. j1)Uý. , o. 5,; u i

""ä. ý. S... o J'" NJ I bJ 5,4, .. C.

LL I' 19,, - ö, }.. J Io

d.. ý.

.. Iö

Ls>. j ZZ. -d I. i Z<--4 Zri j ;.: j. 2U4. i Lp 1 u- 4 &j I_j ; -4j c) U_j

r' i äi Z); >>U, c,. � Lvuý

. ý. R. lt., &-4. is 1ý U- I. W

rJ lh. äý Iv lS v, ý i e.. > öýyw1 zI ýL

[N0tI-- ZtSý4 C$ LLSAY1 I ;. IJAW --

I ruIý. ý.. Q. ýLJI Z) 15. x, Ij(. _J I ü1ýj äyi

. itU I

_*.... J 10l. c b''2 I duI 6.. S J,, >i e., ý J)1 o. j

.t¬ ric i ýjJ L r,... ji )U C., LS

iIJiä; ) öý y. ýJ o

I 0,9ºw ..

... 5.., ý ý1. tý I röýs .. l

L4; 1 p6 &I

.. S.., o WI öj. .

U(w.. Gr Lr.. a. i 4

10 Lpl Z Jl I

1ý t" lJ I, ý ICJ I r. ýS. ý ý. '. ý ýI, vow ý1 Ali ,: -ý. ý,., o ý l. ý. l ý. ý.. ý v. rýý

-ýj I ýi

c5j» L-4.. j 1-4; L41 r WJ I &i l (Si., ý:, 6Ij LrL, rsI A4.0 L,, az. c v ý,

4j L-83: ýc cI ct-» c. si a1lý 6 ij l. o. g L43!. -. e .c

, -its (6--j au. 1 j -ý-j

I blob uj

L, ýJ,

** L5-. 4 . 41 ; J,, ý -- I j: zz du I ýýr : ýt csý'ý

. l. ý. g ý. 9 ;. ý. JL ;Ji L9 J. i1 vj JI . ý. ý ý.. il ,,.,. c

Lo 'j.. r- . jý

ý41 j U3 L, Ij U- _,,.

; j, 4..

J I bit

L. iSý I Iý U x. ö. JI

($P_42J Ii

LT L, r, u ( LqAj

0* ; ts,.. A r ll. " ý4* "21 --

. ci ý Z) WL, kj

. ýýI ßtÄ, ýý

.. 451-4 &W I o, 4, .. 151

ur; ,, -ý -oil bbl ý lL ýý

b., ý L AI J. j ". 3 '-*5<-4j u2x-j -Um l.,. °, 0- Lt-r- cs'

"r)U I jr, ý. b.

cýýJ I e: ua L, s. s

. J. 41 A

Itil .Lj. fl $

U, > I ý. c ý'ý

c e,. s ziý i ý... ý ,, ob i J,. 9 ci . uýt. x, o i ýt.. ý I J->; , L., i

- J-41 L -i i ! Y. AW, ; Lai L- w. *

"" LS,. 4 u Li b l., J I[1ov] öýý. ý, ""

- L-' (-' Ll L' I"J

' LLJI 1 i)U ; JI rLI

. JJ J_tI 4, IU

7ý ÄG,

LRJ I ö,

ý. v ""

Z) 1. ß cý, Aj . ßy1 4i L. 1

Dl r. t->. 1, ý., Cy11 Lri sW1 lz L a.. m G ci Li-

Uý 4.0 UIU,. -. ; J, 4ýj 16 10, (. S3

Vi Ow L

0 a. 5J

A t. Gýº. II 0,9. w "

u1, I uyl. ̀, vraý

; ii N

"r-: t Iý ýrý. ýJ I ý.; ý, ter ;, o. 4J Lao;., e l. w 4Li ýmý

.. ý. ý .. 'r fi

jj. ýý 4 i-ý, ij I. Llj U. J> 61A, CS3 J-, ý ý.. Pl r.

ýZl r U. ý*l I

[1 oA] .. d. S.. ýo s.: wI, I ö>,,. M ""

Jr-°s .! ' r. c ý. L J

�j., 5J1 "

ýý . ul, l u)u

. ci Loi cwL,. Aj

. &J3 J, 1u if- Li

..,,, c: J I bJ, ). Q ..

.. ý. . ELI uýL ý++ý

Ui 101 Lr1�c J &.; 1 U u.. A. } ýj

jj ýý% f

I; ls Vi&. ý LSAJ 0-l.. c vý I J. ýj LO 4; J-4, ob Wi - uzc, . Lm lý J, 3 LO

wl r,.: 2j

ýýr£4 M"I O)

Aa 11 "

.u lý I> ýmý ö 1r. 3 Jý äS. roý J, A l.? L. oý Uatý cý "' l; t it'. Jjj L

L J,, i �i _S_ Lk,, I J,, i )

j4 JA . ý. L4 jaý (.; JI ý. La I, &., IjU t-:. -N-1 Lr-. -r- .

l3 0 l:... L*j 41 vi 1 Z. w ý,.. aý 1 "ýLi 1 ß"y, 1 ý,.. ýc l; 1 L fLZ1 [10g34; j

. b'ý I UJ I l�a. 4 AJ. t (. 5 JI . 5. L1 I ,,, tb, JU ci VI Lujlj

lxj- 4. U . ý. A JJ) I Cl

. vw, u IJ 4J Ij ,=

.. tj, _, Sti 1 rvoj 41 Lt; - j..

Endnotes Endnotes to p. 6

. 4%M J.,. JI t

Endnotes to p. 8

. AV : L. -JI I

Endnotes to p. 10

-_, L KJ I &. 4 &3L J OJcSI 1

Endnotes to p. 16

.1"lý;, I,,. ý. ý J1 1r' . YO ä.

J, g. ýJ Ii

. 1VL1 JI 1

. 11 of JI V

Endnotes to p. 17 Xt a. b 1

.v Jla:, Vl o

. 1/ßo 6j. LJ I 1

. yr 0LO. -j v . i"L. JI A

. off' Ls-o-zil . Ao J1 1

NA _,;

U 1 ̀c

. r" 3g. h It

. El '. ili lo

Endnotes to p. 18

.0LAA., 9--' `i

. \A 0I J1 r

Endnotes to p. 19

Endnotes to p. 20

. iY' r9ý11 1

. lY'J. _JI Y'

. 1ýý ý. sl rý7(I c

. 11 äý. a. ýJ I 1

.i LW V

.Va. LUI 1

.A .o rJ. 3..: JI Y'

Endnotes to p. 21

. 11 V V% ä.,, -: J I 1

. lt sI�). M7I

. YLV ä, ßl Mo Ji 0

. Y. ,'

iii o-: LJI 11

. IOVsl.. J. 1 V X &5zuI A

. ý' " öýJ I 11

. 1.013_, j ily

. OE CIUJIJI

.1 iJ ý. sl,, ýyi 1f

. lo()... gý 1o

Endnotes to p. 22

azum " .iY

.i . 1y

. vr J,. --JI

, . bs U ölr ý. ll ä 0Y'/1 ä:...,

Lri. ¢, 9 ivy k:..,, u. , ,. 1 jl : SJI

Endnotes to p. 23

. 1AVö-I Y AV o. %Lul T

. 11 ý;, ý-a: sl I I

.1" Li11 bJI 1

.v,.. ý.., ý V

. 00 ý. JI A Al . ö.. UI A

. AdLI 1-

VV e. ýLu1 11

. *%ý 3ý$. A 1c

. vrI OL,,. Ill IT AA slj* Vl 1E

. 1. A of Ji 1o

. iA '-1I u

. YO j JI %g

Endnotes to p. 24

Aý Id. . fY'>g: JI

.o" al- -I V

. 0i ý9, r)I A

AA ý. ].. ý 1"

. 11V 1I 11

. 11 Z-+Ib 1r

. iý . _JJI 1E

. 1.1' L,. --Ji lo

Endnotes to p. 25

. iý sIJwýII 1

. fl öaýUl T J1 E

NO , i-,.. I1 o

. AT ; JI l

.o äa. 11 V AV Ot.... J I A

AA ij. a.:..! . 1&JI 1"

. YV rý 11 A a. Ul As

. 1' j, 9-: J 1 ly

t Zia 1-911 r; e, 1t

. 11 oL9, ya1I Ao

. oV L... Jl 11

. IV. Jl-tcyl 1V

.1 "l. sLai I 1A

X , LlwI Y.

Endnotes to p. 26

.fc, ý. o.: J I 1

. 'ý UL.. aJI Y

. VY' , ý. q, ý. ll Y'

. 1Y'11ý-. . II f X cpjI o

.1i 0I ,. a. c J1 I

. 1o V

. off A

. Yid' ö, Jl g

e, i . To 1"

.i"uu 11

. 11 1. JI 1'i

. IA Y ý.. 91, ýy1 it

.ýt xA, -)

a. l l 10

.Yi, 1I 11

. rr, TY j. ýlt, I 1V

. YAl , YAo &_441 IA

.V uI 11 AAt,,,. ub. t I ý"

.m9 1m &_, A. t Ji 1'1

Endnotes to p. 27

. 1' Jaýl. J I1

.1" iyI ß, 9J t; Jl - r+&'

AT a.. Zu, AA

_ýAi .1fv l_. a. c J1

. 11V Li-,. e-il

. 1"" sI, _ . ii 1l

. 11'lß a .JI XY'

TY'ö" JI

Endnotes to p. 28

. 1ýi e.,: aJl

oI,,. " Ji A"1AeLUI

. i1 JJ-. 1f : i. ß11

.1 A\ ' IJI I JJL3 L. VY' C-, it u !I

. YAE ö� JI

Endnotes to p. 30

.i o�aJ At ö JI

. 111'0L'I-jI

ý, J1i,

if 10 IV 1V 1A 1ý

C 1 V A

Endnotes to p. 31 AU ZJL. j1

. r' U-: L Y

. fl, ýsl.. öýyl t

. Vf twyl a . 1VV o, , JI, 3 \1 äi4.11 l

. t\ ý I, ý. < jl V

Endnotes to p. 32

. Y'1öZU1 1

. ýJgtl a:,.. r, L <.: ý. ýr ý... ýa. ö.: º ý91ý...., JI ýL4 JI �y. aý Y

Endnotes to p. 33

. uI '

My ý;, sß: 9-t li

. iv- ,1 s1-ijI , ýLö. sb9 Ayy, c vlecyl a, 1... sy

Endnotes to p. 34

.wI Jl 11 ýI� JI 4. 'sy. A ioo ;, io" äý..,

Endnotes to p. 35

.' 1öß: 01.11 `, N"ä.;, JzJ I

. 11 _, _et J1 1

. YV r,. e A

. AN ý, ý 164

. 01 0U_ý. b1I 1"

.r rr ä, .li 11

. 1'A t jWl ly

.li.., ¢JI 1Y'

. 1.1 ö, 11 It

. 1'i' " 01 J.. c J1 10

. 1Y'Y' 'I..,..: JI 11

.1 -1 ö. NLUI 1V

. YilLkavi 1A

. TPlx; oyl 1ý

.o"ä. r y1J I i1

. Vý IrI 1'1'

Endnotes to p. 36

.0, sI, ý. ýýýII 1

. 1l X511 ý

.i sl,,., _ JI r

o . 1-1 _,

At I V

. fl I A

Xy ö .,. Ä. a! I 1"

.r : I" : JI, 'VJI, I V

. 1" . 4JI 1o

Ay r jwl 1A

Endnotes to p. 37 A o,;, 4I, V. . LW I 1

.Ot ö_J I Y Endnotes to p. 38

. 1'V öaLUI Y

"A V LL..., i

.o "I o

.1" crý9 l öý: ýJ 1 Acjl J1 V

Endnotes to p. 39

. v% I JJLIJ. lj VI (U9 In' jl jc-il I

. oA iy. jJI Y

. A1 ul9ýI

.i f' LI ,yo Vß1I JW ;L JJI jli äýý. rJ l

.o , Lc-jI V

. 10 01,.. c J1 A

. Yo ý. äll 1"

Endnotes to p. 40

. fv _sl_ I 1

. fl aJI L.

. ii L.. -JI 0 . ßf'1'

�ß . J1 1

. 1'i Ju-a. 1 v IY ö j: ý. 1I A

.1"" ýslýcyl g 166

xv Lj: JI 1" . "" C, J. 4: stI 11

. vrr ö,. 11 1Y

.i ä-- - yo11 1r

. o1 'LM JI li

. o" `sIj I 10

. V"I ,.. ý..., ¢, 1I

Endnotes to p. 41

_h' III VI LW; JI ., I

. Vi i ölt, g! I t,. i, ýL. r J Ij 4.., ý 4c £Iy , t. aýJ

. 1io a . Ji i ulýsy)

X% ,1Y J_44J I 1

. ýd% _; 1_I V

. IA JL I A

ndnotes-to--p 4 At I

L+ý: J I 1

. o1 5L.: JI Y'

Al L9 rJ I t A. L,. --J I o AV

. 1i1 I-.: JI V

. 11 : yI AE leg

A Cl J1 I.

. Yý öýul 11

. ol yý11 1 f.

.iir,.,. 4 1a

.x"ý..., ý 11 AV �it oA 1V

.0 , _wI 1A

. 1"i a. Ul 1g

. \o v I�ý. e c J1 V. 1'1

Endnotes to p. 43

. ̀'o1 aýä; JI 1 11V ä. ß, 9.: J1 i

X ß_11., t y

.A iU1 i

. AT IA o XT lc-jl

.. T-% c, l V

.1Y&: ß. a1 I A

. 1' "'r

. IA : 1. ý.. ý:, yl 1"

. YA ýl. a.. yl 11

. 1. cLh I 1y

. loo cL.. JI IT

. 1o/ß ; L,. - JI It

Endnotes to p. 44 lo

j. -P.

"c. ý°. ý. II ir° --1ý. ý.., v-°7 JSj u, . sue ý.. tý-eJU 44 93 Yl rl., JI y

. YAo öJl ýr

.t" v1 f

. 1`rA t1. JL, yl 1 Ao ö. LUI V

.i AA IA

. 11ä. cjwl

. 01 s I,..., 'I I 1"

. vro l...: JI 11

.1 . "% ö. L, UI lY X ö. LýUI AY

A ä.,, ZUJ I 10

Endnotes to p. 45

.1 Öý 14

Al C, -, Lu1 I o

Xt . c)I V

. 1Vr j 1VV J1 A

. 11 . )I ° .A u1 jý: ýJI

A. _, ¢JI 11 A ä.:, w l 1c

Endnotes to p. 46 M rtlLiyl

.1 "'i ä.;,,, y.:;. 11 ýf'

. 1V1 .3Uö

.AJ. Jl o XY &-j41 1

Endnotes to p. 47 A L. w

. Vi I; 1.. IJ I

AV 4J1

AT dj. ýVl . 11

v tta. 3J

. 1g SJl V

AT ýiIJ I g

. c1 eilt 1"

. A\ J1 11 Al 4. b ly

.i" "I J YV I IT Mo Ji 1t

Endnotes to p. 48 AVI ilj. cyl t

. ilt , iJI Y'

. YAK ö, JI i

. 11E ; LM JI 1

Endnotes to p. 50

. v1 ýwYi 1

.v"ý, ý .1 Y' r.. ý.:, J 199

, rb l9 Y

.c1 AT clJ. 47 IE

. Vc : I, YI 0

Endnotes to p. 51 A1 ö, Jl 1

. IT oij. A. c Jl Y AT Y' L...., r"I i

IA Lam.,, o

. 00 ö JI A

. vv 11

. vv 45LIyi ter . &r . Lp it

Endnotes to p. 52

.1"o, Ui. e9.3l I, oo a- pail 1

. IA T

. iv' Lß.., 9 n ý, a. aýJ I

Endnotes to p. 53

.f"ä. ß, 9.: J I 1 Ay y

NO vl, tA. c JI T

Endnotes to p. 54

. oV ö , 1I 1

.i" . l": It. ýyl

. ýý . _'1I i

. YVy o, Jl o

.v jI.. R:, Ji 1

. 1'A C$U_hll v

. 0" ý, s1I A

.1 VA ö_4-1I 1"

.fý. ý,.:.. II, 11

. AV &JJI 11'

.V 4-L T

. 1V J.. JiIj 1i

Endnotes to p. 55 171

. off90lßa. b 1

fA öaýUI t

Endnotes to p. 57 MA a_,. JI 1

. iY'1 öJl i So 01-J.,. c J1 T

. vr CJLa11 0

. £V ý.. L. o. 9 l

. Y'A JUil I v AU. 56 A

c: ý. 9ý-0: 9ý I 'i "

. l" ý, J. A.:. JI 1Y

.1i. ý. r. 1I 1£

. 1- v

. VA 5LJI 1l

.Vc, L9,6. bJ I 1A

. T, % rjwI M. OIJ Y.

.£j. L jjI9''1 i1

.IA A B1I i£

Endnotes to p. 58

. 60 ö, ll1

. oiJ., ýI Y

.o 6JLUI Y

.1L iI i XT , Y' " äJ I o

. fA JLh., yI 't

. IA JU -, 'Il V

. 1oi A

. 01 g Ay A-

.1 -A 11 A yo o 11'

. 1i lo Al 11

. l- 1V

. lo 1A

. 1V 1ý

. 1i, ß oY Y-

ndnotes to-p. 5

. 1"" 1

. V1 Y

. oY .

. VIA o M 1

.V ö_J I V

. ioA I A

. ol 1"

. oY' 11

. 1V 1ý ME f 4-sl, ýyl lýr

. ßr1 ý. b 1i

. Tl o1 j. Ax Ji 10

.Voe. L, UI 11 öasUl )v

. il C-, li, V yo a_ JI 111

. v\ ýlý. ýYl, Y" ui. rA Ji 1q

. '1 0,. ý +LU I 'i "

Endnotes to p. 60

. 1NV' Al 1

. 1Vo J Y. Y

. 11.9 U -i

. loo i

. 1"o,, VA ß El o

. 11 l

. gV lY A

. ll9if 1V

. Yo 11 v

M, I If

. l1 1l Al 1V

.A jl 1A

. 1l-y 10 Y.

Endnotes to p. 62

. 111 ö_J I 1 My 0I,,. ot Ji '

. \Yl J. a. JI £

. ̀l ö, Jl o

. 1" aj : JI 1

. VV9 £ £y 11 I V

. o£jiVLýj dw) A

. ii'j V1, ß 1A ,.

JI , J. jiI A

. ý. c I U, aJ I YAY ö_tzJI I.

. V1'ý. I I 11

.L JIjis v : -JI vs YV ý 1I 1y

. Y'V ö . lI 1r

. £A ö, iI it

. 11'Y' ö,; JI 10

. 11"y 1£i9 01 j: c dI 1l

Endnotes to p. 63

. l1 ö_

. V\ ö. \. UI 0 L, ýJI . 1V 1I9 M ö, JI t

. 1V ö1I i

"ý ýx JI vi . Ao Zvi ö, JI o

. AT I V

. Ao ö JI A

. Ao ö JI 1"

.1 "i ý.:. JI, 11 " ö, ýUI, ý io-r AV JI 11

öý: ý. JI A. lY

. rv el,. yl 1r

M ö, 1i 1o

.t AA A_ jI tV

Endnotes to p. 64

.1 "'ý ö, ý. ö. ý ll 1

. 1.1 sýs1l Y'

. 1"l ö, ý; J1 i

. 111 ei iI o o, 1I Mv l

. 11 a_ JI V ME a_,. a. JI A

. 1io o_ JI g

.1 ̀il ö, JI 1

. Y1 -a JI 11

. 1cA a, . ll 1V

`, i IT

. 1%" o,, JI lo MY &jz iI 11

.1 EA o, . il 1A

"u. 9-ýý v°zj I .1 i% ö jJ 1 1g

. lAf ,9

IoA B Jl V.

t j. a.:.. l Ij EA 'UJ Ij to , WSJ Ij VY x,,, 119 oV jI,. ýC411 J 11t ö, JI VI XT S_j ýJl j IA a, l. r. l9 og, iL, LA rj.. lj IT

. 11 P, 9j11 Yi

. 11o ö JI 'Y'

. 11h öj: !I VE

. 1V'r &ýajI V0

Endnotes to p. 65

. Al sL. JI Y'

. -f J. pj. tI t Al 5L1. yl o

. V1 -..., J V

.t a_ I A g

. 1W z jz-jjI 1"

. 1W ö�tLJI 11 AM ajzýjl IV

. IM o�pjI lY'

"ý°. $: ' ý'. 9ý='9 0.: J I .r ,j U-0-

u=. -J' 1Ao a_ JI lo

. 1A° a JI 11

.1 . 4% ö-LýUI 1V

. Ti V-' 1Jº

. X\ JýJI 1q AV

-.,; Li Y.

. 1ý1 ö_y JI `i1

. 1' "A äý. ö.; J I 1'ý'

a ,i JI AIL o

"'fl aJI r

. Y1' " ö_y. JI 'V MY zj;. JI 1'A

. 1'i`1 ATT aj Y.

. Yrr a . Ji n

Endnotes to p. 66

AT" At. o",. JI 1

to ö, JI o

. 11 . aý. v. ll 1 .1" ulýsyl

. ifo &JLJI A

. 1A LiIJeII A iEV ö. 11 1"

" U1 ö_'i. JI 11

.Y ju. -Ji 11' AiA e,, JI w

. Vol ö, LJI it A. JI lo

iof. &JIJI 11

. fl 1V

. YY' J- 9J1 1A

. ioA o, a1I 1A

. Yolk s, . il Y.

. o. a: ýs l L, a: r. J 1 vi .g"ý, . iil l 1' 1

. 1'A äiUI YY

. 1" i. c_wll Vi

. VA ö_JI vi

Al - ö, . lI vv

Alo oji_Jl Vg

. 0. o. 9ý: 9I1 T.

. L+ JI vi no a

-sail f

.; 1 JI J.. SUI jx-, --il vs Y1V a JI TV fl

Endnotes to p. 67

. 0A sL.. -JI 1

.1Y1 Ö_ JI

. 1V \ Ö1 L.

. Th "a _ýý I 0

. VA - ö, JI l

. VA1 a-ýLjI V

. VAV a- ail A

. YAV ö, JI

. YAT ö-, LJI 11

. oß. ß .. s L: JI vs YAE E-441 IV

.,: -: d La-Jl vi . iAo o, JI 1Y' X; j Y. e, yý1 i it

AVE öyýJ I lo

. 'S i\ o,,, aJ I 11

. ioA ö,. ll 1V

Mo ö 1I 1A ä ý.; J I . 10V 1\

. \A1 ö, JI Y"

. 1'V ö, i JI ý1

Endnotes to p. 68

. OW sIJL U, 2-jl .V J1

Endnotes to p. 69

. 4oh J14

C, 4--,. II V9 . t°

VI,,. o.. Ji

. 0LJI O. sy 5LJI ua-iI 4. O . ý1 uI. r°-cJI i

.W 0I,. ß J1 T A

,,. 6L9 G

.V1 ülýl 1

X" _i. a j11 V

.M ýLjulll A

.CI . ait.. e ýSýJI ý-s. JJ ( Jl X1 OIJ. ot ß, J1 1"

.i"iL!.. A wI l+. aS I V- ýS JI ßj9 4,19., o j XV C)IJ. o c Ji 11

CJI,. o- Ji IY oI J. A. c Ji \Y

. 1T L,; -)J-4j

. oi ý... ýJI 1o

. 1V a JI vs Ji 11 EA Ji 1V

A'% 0I, ý Ji 1A . L' 0I J1 16%

M. ö. a:. UI Y.

. oV Ji V1 . TA J1 Jij I-° 51.. ß. J IJ 11 4J 11 Ji VY

"ý: r 01 4I. ß-ý. ý I vi . vor 0I Ji YT NO I, A, t Ji Y%

.1 to 0Irý Ji Yo

. 11o SL. JI W .UJ. II VA

Ji Vý

Endnotes to p. 70

1V B-pil v A. C; l. Ji 1 A, I,. a. c J1 Y

.M 0I,.. " Ji T

Owl vI9. aJI9 4s.. i cwI LVL Jxý.. VMil "i A I,,. oc Ji t . x, 11 &jy

AV C; I,. &C Ji o AI O 01 Ji 1 M. Ji V

.V C) I,. o ji A &J. *4 va: J I Vi St =, 1

. 1co C, I, tc Ji I.

. vr cjl j., c ji 11

. It. u l. r" Ji Iy

. IVY cjIJ. " ji IT

.1 £l Jl It

. 101 J1 10 . 1o£ ýI, J. ac J1 1l .1 o1 31 tv Aov J1 1A

. Ar V 4_. _, 11g Yr

. tL. tt, jI . 1oV oI.,,,, c J1 Y1 . ill cjIJ4-C J1 YY llA cjlj x ji T 1l°l &I ,,. c il YL

. 1V1 c, j_&c 31 Yo

.1 V1 ý i, ý,,, c 31 Yl

. ol ý., I, ý. "syl YV

.1j IA* , IVA ji YA . 1Vý OI. rc Ji Yý

Xv JL:, yl r. Endnotes to p. 71

. 1A"'i.,.,. C Ji 1 . 1A1 vIJ. ýýJj Y IAL

. AV jj £ .\ cýI JZ o

£h ()I. 's. "C JI -i

Ji 1 Ayy Al C)I. J-Oc il II . Y. il VY

. wo jT Ir

Endnotes to p. 72

.1 sL Jl 1

.0 5L. -JI Y AVa., Zul Y'

Al lýJl o

. 11 cL. -JI 1

. off `ra-, Ä1I V

t `_ . jJI A

. 1ý 9 11 ; L6i. JI At li L. -JI

.1 C-aj 11

V\ 5L JI i

. ig` lo

. lid 1l

1ýý11 1V

. YV ýJI \A

. ̀f' c

.1ý tr.,..: JI

. o1' v g. äJ I 1

. 10 Ju., yl Yi

Yo sl, ý:, J I io Al IL. -ii

. og ýýJI A

Endnotes to p. 73

. y"1t' tL.. Jl

. 1"V ti.....: JI

. 'it , a,, _ JI Y' A. . tL.. ý:, J I

. ýEo a JI A. L. JI Ay . L... JI l

. '1 ul A

.1 VY öß. ä JI . fi t L-J I

" V% ö . ll -)Ss oA cL"..: JI 1 VY I . 11 tL. -JI 11

. "Il tl....:. JI li

. vr tLý-.. II Y'

. Li L, L,, --j I ý$i Wtl. --J 1 1I

. %A L. JI lo

.i o- v° CJ 9-9'x^°-'9 c9--' ý-ý°-='9 ý9 ý" oIJ. i. o AtL. Jl 1l

(J JI st(... ý. I 1 1V .1 ülýl

At 5L. JI Ao l.... Ji '

. 11 LtL.. J I Yl

. vc tL.: JI

. iY�JU io

MA tL. Jl Y1

. Vro 5L..: JI 1'V

. 1%" tl"..: JI

. lfo 5L....: JI Y'- Aoi , L,.:, JI T1

. 11Y tl....: JI '

. \o f tl..,.: J I rr

. 11r -, t_.. -J1 Ti

. 00 :Ij,,.,, YI Y'o

ýla.. "yl r A-0

Endnotes to p. 74

"ýl:. r, LýýSX11 ý,. 9 . A9i&-%LUI i

ö. LUl oa, UI

j Yf c1...:,. JI .l ,ýoa UI o

IT Z. \2, UI l

Endnotes to p. 75

. rc öa: rul 1

. Lo uýUI Y'

.. V a. ); ul .

.o" övUI o L? L7 -' O 'V ö. L UI l

. ot ö-\Lul V

. oV a Ul A ý" UI

. 1V ö. aLUI 1

. V1 övUI 11

.Aö. \:, Ul 11' Ao ö. i, Ul IT Ao ö. ýLUI 1t Ao ö. XlUl 1o

Ao öLUI 11

.o r-1..: JI vi AV ö.. UI 1V

.1 "V ö. LUI 1A

.1 "V Z. 5zul 1ý

. 1"ý öý: ýUl c-

. AV ö_ta1 I . 11 " äk11 'Y 1

J1 i . 11 " I. rý-= J-1 vi . ý1 " ö.. UI 'Ir

.v 3dýA Y£

. A_JI io MY a. lul i1

. 110ö. UI 1'V

.Mö. LUI YA : s, 1 a. LUi 1'ý

. YA a UI T. . 111 a. NLUI ''1

. 111 öasul rr

. v' a. Lui rr

. 11o ö.. UI Y'£

. ££ o. ILUI ro

Endnotes to p. 76

. 11 ýlxiYl 1

. 1'Y ý1. l:, yl 1'

AV 13. tS-5yl y

.ý"ý, a.. o tI v . 'kA Lr-,, A

. Irlr ýLxjyl A. " ýLjulyl 1 At 14L-11y1 11

Al ýIýcýII lY

. 11 o. ý. l I 1 Y'

.1f. y_j1 I 1o L+

.,:, g JI v. s . oi ý 6-:, yl 1l

. YA I 1V

o£ eLju%jl 111

. 00 e1*. I

. oV elx:, yl

. '11 eLxlyi 1'1

M ýljtlYl iY

.T ýL. a.:, yl yyr . 00 YE

. yr hLi: -yl Yo

.1"ý:. aJl 'V

. IA - Iii

. A- ý1 I Yý

. A'c ýýý:, yl ýr" ý. ý"'J": Al ý1

. EA rar Aoý ö-; L. tl ' A. rtýyý TE

Al rla., Yl To

Endnotes to p. 78

. V' ýL, uYI 1

AAAt I .

"y; "; t, s[ 11 L5

J9 c1,11 ý lei .1f1 'g ýý ý, lýYl o

. ý"" ýI v L 101 SI jL, ä. o. 1S, 5I-r, J .\ "c ýlxýyl A

.V\ ýlýyl 1

. eliu%Il ajý c1-ß ý:: ýLo. LSJI oý, sa , 43 J M ebulll ti

. 'C "IJ. e I 1f

ý., .v" -7l 91: a. ß 1lf:;. 59 c-1 I C,.. o ya, i 146 sJI i 1I 10

. i' i rL3LJ%jl )A

.1 io ý, 1, ý:, Yl 1g

Mo I. 1x, Yl i1

MA IUj*-JI 'iY

.Eo Y Y'

. 1V cju-t Jl Yf.

. \rc' ihw- %II r1 Yf ý. LýuYI iV

. vro e1J I ill

. Y'V L, a.,,. -aJ I Yg NVA 1T'% aLJL. 1YI Y.

vrv ýll:, Yi Y'1

. vr ýlj. lYl Y''

.1 £o rl. _, YI rr

. 1f " ýLjuYi IVt 1:... z aA C, -. Il Y'o

.1 i1 rlXIYI T1 1f i' ýLalYI TV

loi eL%1YI TA

.1o ýl+_, YI i"

Endnotes to p. 79

. 1oß ýlýyl '

. 1o ýlýýyl o

. VE AJLIyl 1 . 1't1 rLAI yl V

A ýwYI

. toff'

Xky I. W.

Endnotes to p. 80

. \i'r ý. slJcYl X ýslJcYl

. 11 L, )JIJ 1ý ý9JJI io sI 1I Y'

. co r9ýli f Al ui, i

Xy Jl_I. cYI l

. TA V

. £" jIJcYI A

. fY' ̀ siJ. cYI 1A PUL JIB £Y Iý :. ll 11 f

,ý £f ýsI ýCYI 1

.ff iiýcYI 11

. of ýsI_: JI li X . arýll 1Y'

. o£ ýIýcYI 1f

. lY ýjý.: Jl lo

. oo IJ I 11

. 11E a, JI . oV JIJI 1V

. lc' J JI, £A OL3_j,. jI, oV -sI_txvl M

. off iIJcYI 1\

. 6U V

. ff jLfl... YI9 IA j lY'jI, tcYl n

. ifo .i JIJ. cYI rY NO il-, JI rr

. 1vr 9M JIJ. C YI i£ At Vi Al jl-, cYI 1'o

AA JI %JI A-0 ýsl, ýcYl YV

. 111 il jcvl `c'A

. ý'l cI j. & JI Yý

.v ýsI jz%II -

Endnotes to p. 81

1-11b EO PI . v1 4J . a:,, a. j. SS zL<il JU äý I

vs ä. "s y `4 a. L:, ä. o. 1. S 'ý 1. ß,.: o I tlýJ I'uAg I, ý x ýJ I..: mo t

. I, `q m l. o. S a, ýI I, vI . \_, J.;, , 9. ß. s lall,., j-4 L1 .1VUI, cYI Y

ýýISJI v1S9 a.:, Jl. ýc "ýL 9 "Icl, ý1I ý..: ý5 ý, J . 1£1 ý.. sI, I £ äß. 1S

. ärß Z ä! ! ice LSJI c U-., iijil. (S

3ii j . 1Y'V UIYI o ä. o. 1 S, : l1 iS9 cji, t 4! I vs äL ýl; L ä. o.. LG . 1h J-, --J I l

äßy; JIý,: ý 19.1I v. s ýý. N ý-. E 9, r-o. c sI f .3j .

WA JlJc YI V

. awl `sl: Q. ll a , a. ciýý .1 £1 ýIýcYl A

. o1 ö-: JI vi .1

£i JIJcY MY , iii i 1

AA ýJI 11 1l" öýýJl 1£T il-I. CYI lY

. 1££ UIYI V

.1 £l UItcYI 1£

.1 £A UItcYl 1o

. lo " iIýcYI 1V

A£ 4-6 1A

. )oV jI_cYI 1`1

. 111 UI, scYI i

. 111 JIýYI i1

Ao Alt UIýcYI iY'

. 1lo UIJ. cYI i£

. Y'i ýlý, Yl i . 11ý JlýcYI 'so

. 1V'ß UIýYI 1'V

. 1VY UIýYI YA

. 1VY ý. sl JcYI Y'

. 1A. ý. slýcYl Y'"

. t. yy

. \A1 _sl_,. cYI rr

. 1`l"

_jIJcYI r

Endnotes to p. 82

.\ ýIýYI 1

.Y "c JI,, ýYI L

. o'i JIJcYI l

Ail il 21 V

A "o ýi,, ýYl . lot JI, YI V

Endnotes to p. 83

101 ýI,, or J7 . 1Y JIYI Y'

. \V JLbYI L

. \ý JLi.:, YI 1

.M üI,,, £ Ji i . 'rV JI YI V iy JU I A iy JLÄJYI . o" JU.

.A JLwil V

. oý JLYI V5

. 1\ JLÄ: YI 1Y"

. 1o JL I it

. 11 JL 1I 10 11 JU 1I 11

.Ot 1JJJ1 IV . IV ju-'. 11 1A N. JU I 1ý

.VJL. I Y

. EA Jý. - %11 rr

Endnotes to p. 84 Yiö .JIß. s, 9 i90 ý9 V\'' tLý ýýyl v. s j .1i; , -+-

.1iä.., y.: +1 I

.Uä. u11 I

.n Ji vs il ä. i g-0 0

. ii ä. j-: i1 1

. 5l. UL L, a: JI vi . i" iJJ. JI V

. ''v ä., J-oi A

.1 L" J1 vi . o' ä. J JI

.Ioö. ýU Ic . 11 ä.;,, qý. l 1

.ofý,, gýJ I 11

. 11 ä. ß44 JI 1r.

.1\ äý9ýJI 1Y'

.1 JI 1o A äý 11 i

.1""ä. ýg: ýl l 1V

. 1"r Z�riI 1A

. ITV ý, gs+o

. 1.1 k , ýJI

Endnotes to p. 85 A "V ä.,, 9.:,. I

.1" v9.: ß! M- v4: ýl1 . 111 iý, 9. i11

. ICY' äýJJ1

AA "1..... %11

. v\ 1

Endnotes to p. 86

. l. e r, s a. ý 19.. 09 ü. gý. s Iý I%JL AA

.f" ý�9 ýJ1

.i" Al ý'i crý, 9ý

. 1iA cLx, %11 c lo cr-'J

1" 11 1c

li 10 ll 1V IA

. 1L r- `c

A A. Yo

.1 "i' Lr- 1'V

Endnotes to p. 87

. 11 " a. UIV YO o 3`gm S

. cvJ_4-tä Yv YÄ 3ga f

. f. " ýýe o

YV ý9r.. oýtl l

.1ß, 9. m V

. 11 öý. fl. J I V. s s 39 3J \"

. off ýsl_,. I o" JJ4A 1Y

. i1 3-4. A 1r

A% rjLxll

. ̀CIS ý19ýý11 1V

XÄ 1: 19 1 1A

.o1 x_ 1g

. lei 39. ße Y1 Ao

uL jl! Jl YY

. V) 3-4A Yr

Endnotes to p. 88

. vr O1 J1 . lo , ý. ýa1I . ol' . Iy. -_JI VV aJ. A\

.1" Y' ä. 9: J I vs -AV . vro ýluYl . 1i1 £

. 111 3_4A 1

. YY V I A

.A£ Yljj A 1Y

1º £ -5-4-A

. olyiýýgsa 11

Y1 3y. ß 1V

. £V3-+k 'i-

. VA 3, g. m i1

. AA 3_4A YY

Of J. .A3, y-m YY

. ol )-+& Yo

. o£. 5. il

. VIA ýý 'ýA

.1"o3, yß Yý

Endnotes to p. 89

. 0-ý j4..

1 I a12,

. 6:: jL. sl., aJ19 uo. äýllýy ! �.. �., s Ili Lp,. x2, UI Vi Li . -S ̀ .: ýISJ I vSJ j J; s. t I .,

S : aS a ý. ý1 I ,,

ul .1c91"... ý..,,, ý, Y

. ýJL

y s(... SJI cjI SI -z3JI rI

Av ,.. ý., 9» 11

. AY ýLx, yl 4, . V1, ý.,, ý 1V

.A"ý., ý \A

L a. j lv A ý,.. ", ý 1ý

Endnotes to p. 90

. ý0 9V ýl , yl 1

i1 u1 . Irv vs .1"ýý. ý...,, ý

"ýý y. JI I (fLc A JLýAJ I I.:.. . T"%

. c1 I ___ u m-. J I vs .V . TA ý.., ý A

. oY' ß., 9.. r 11

. off' ý. ý+., 9 1Y

. ý1ý ,ýß: J 1 cJ . og ., gý i1

Endnotes to p. 91

. o£ ýslýcyl Y ac_r11 1

.o . a. c J. 11 f.

. 1V J4.. J V

. 1. O a. ý.... J

. o'V 9 \1

uUL'ai ) 4'

. iv vi I, y)1 11

. 11 1" LcjUI 1i

V\ , arýJI yr

.1v igr I 1i

. rc .a cý11 10

. ''v Z. 14311 1l

. 'C°ý .a ýý11 1V

. lY -u-ii 4'A

.; i'.

Xi . aý,,. ll Y1

Endnotes to p. 92

. V\. öJB.? J I v. s . 111 J. e .1ý ý... ý Ij.; I Y'

.r ý. _.. ý Ir I i X" Iyl o

Aof sj Jl Vi r1 Ij;, I I XV ICI V

X'V I J.., I 1

. rc ý. ýiýl 11

J. ý, mlyl lýr M Iri 1t

Endnotes to p. 93

. 10 1. ý. ý.! I Y'

. 1/ ö-,: 1i i , Io �. JI .

. oF JI 0

.rI v . cY' ýJ11 A

. o*11

. LmL" ý a: 9 ý, aý. ll ý. s .l"ý. a. ýJI 1

. 1. . &3I�9J I 11

. oV ýj. o. JI 1Y

.ij. ýI

. ýl. sýy uo: rJ l ý,. s "M1 ý. ý,. ý I 1.

. V1 � JI 1o

Endnotes to p. 94

. IA vi

.; JL (J JI . 11 tj. ý: JI Y

. OE ýslýcyl c . li j, JI y

. 19c. a, ý, a. JI yr . Y" ý, jý,.: Jl f

. iV J. JI o

. YV J. . JI 1

. cri juJ. I V . 1oA

Vi . rr J.. -JI l1

. Y'V J ..... j I

. fly J. 3.: Ji li

. tL JL JI Vs AA J., --J I 1Y

. ll ý, ý: J I 10 11

.VV uIýYI ý,. 9 . -kA J. JI 1V

. VI J... _J I IA

. VA J. -il 1

. l1 'gJI `ýi

. V\ L JI I1

. A. J... -: J I i Al J. JI Yo

.1 "'i J.. -J I Yl

. IA- JI

. 11" J.... JI A

.V"J. o.: J I Y'

Endnotes to p. 95

.V ýIý. r, yl Y Ji

AT tIj. 'JI o

. 1v iL %JI A

. Y1 ýIý.. ý, yl g

. fl tI ý. ý., yl 1

. Y'o ýIý..., yl 11

.I AY 1Y

Endnotes to p. 96

. f1 ýIý�YI 1

.o" ýL"s, JI

. ii 11 _. ý., YI Y'

. iY' cIJ.. a fl o

. Li. a3U-. l' vi

Ad%ýIt.., Yl

. VVr L.,.,.: J I i .oo Iý. ý, YI V

. IE ,I YI A

. Vl ; I_ý., YI ""

. At ýIl.., Yl 1Y

A. fIJYI \.

. AY tl,,..., Yi 1l

. 1AV ýI, JI 1V Al... 1A

. u, yS... JIý ýbJI . 1a. ý. o .1 "Y tlý..,, Yl '

.1""d ý..., YI S\

. V1' ýIý. a, yl iY AV tl j. aa l iY'

Endnotes to p. 97

.1 , ýýSII 1

.iý. a. eSJ J11

. 11 , ýSJI i.

. 1V -4SJI o

. 1A , ý. gJ I 1

I V I A

. iA SJI t n ,.. 4Ui 11

. JI w,.. 9 Ay ß.. 491I 1

. ý'l ,.. a. gS iI 1r XA WSJ 1

. FY' , ý,. ý. SJ 10

. V; Jla: Iyl ". i .U. JI 1l

.u, JI 1V 1l a-taj Ii AO I-LOU I A

. f. V " JI 1

. o'S' 4g JI

0o -SJI

. IT, -.. UI t

Endnotes to p. 98

. ll , _. ý WSJ I 1 N. G< 1 Y

. V1 WSJI C

. V. S1I

. AV9v£-4-U1 0

.A ý3yUI l

. V1 L+! u I v

. VV - e<' 1 A A -a. + JI g

. 00 _9. JI 1"

.o ýý,,. ýJ I 11

. Tc ß -ail 1i

M lfi loo ýýSJI 1£ Al . SJI 1o

. cI j. ý 4. J9 L, Q.: JI AA SJI 1l

. ý£ SJI 1A

. 1£ SJI V" Al 1.... 111A Al

. VY v. 'u iY'

LSJ I Ao £

sLJI ý, j.. i t L.. r UIý.. s Al , -. 451I io

A"y L41 w .v i JI iA

.1 "'ý ý.. fl., g. SJ I Y' i

. Vo 9 Vi IV ,ý WSJ I il

.. " ýS1I Y'A

. xý i E.

. v. LJi fir Endnotes to p. 99

XVu jiVi . V9YI. J.,

Xý vIJ"4 J1 v. 5 .V

. o%I y VY

r,. o 0

A T".,., l

. i'C ý. j. 4 A

. 01 ry 10

Endnotes to p. 100

. Vi 9 ý1 9 lý1ý 9 VV Iý1 ýj! I V

.0 tsi. 9- .

A. 11 X"

.o i.. ý 11

. 1 41. W

.1 " X10 IA

Endnotes to p. 101

. iý-irl 1

. 11911 a! 6 Y

.V 41. .T . 11

sk)LJI L

. Y'1gT"ab 1

. Y'Y <1. V

. OY' ab A

.1"ý. 9yýJ I jý1. ý...: J I 1

. oA4J 11

.1\ 4J 11'

. -I' alb 1r

. 11 4i lo

. V14-6 1V NO 4.6 4' A

. $LJL .J I1 VV 4.6 1

. 9191L x. U- 'Ji ,JI v.. 9 4_6 A" 4_6 M All

. ol äJ I vs A-

AV a! o io

AY 4J1 -Y 'LL

. 11 4_6

. yr . a. b

.1 T'r 41.

. 1.41.

. IV 4-1.

.1f. a. b

vIcj. A 1ia. l. Al <12

X- 4j.

. T4. b

. t. a. b

Endnotes to p. 102 Ai 410

. 1A a1ý

.1 c'o aL

. Y0 9V cL,; ýi JI

. V1 0 21

. oA 5L. ý:, YI

. ýy Z., 9:; i1 . vor = yý

i" T1 rc fl IV £

fl TV rA

1r 1i 10

Endnotes to p. 103 Al cL. -I

, r5-31°, 9 t. 9ýý' JI Al 5 , Yl

.1"f 5L,.. ý, YI

.1 "o ý1ý. ý, Yl

.: L LJL 6-, JV L, a.: JI vi . 11y YI

. A'r 'L... Jl

. L, 9S...,

At I -lr l :. ä ,1JI

Endnotes to p. 104

. lg I

. \o JI

. io ß. 1i

. 'r c il

x X11 A. CWI A. " Lt!

. io ß, 1I

.. v ß, 1I

.o Lam..

. o/A ß. 1I

. off ýJI

.1 ý1I

F 0 1 V

1" 11 1ý 1ý li lo 1ý 1V 1ý 1ý

. io ß, 1I 'ý f

. ii, ll Yo

Endnotes to p. 105

. rc ýýLw11 Y A ý. s s-lI Y'

.1i0. g: r.. o. y1I f u, g:.. o9. L I A. o

. ilo --

. iv 0, .4 tI V

.o"u, yr.. a; g 11

1V C) ;y 1 Y'

. Vi u3ý°: 9-ll 1i /o9 A\3 AV g 1o

Ay u. s :tI 11

.1 "l 0j. tl 1V

. 11 " -; y 1 Jý -kr U. 0

xßy,. 111 'i

. 111 ý;, y gil r Mv u sý-A: 9. I `ý Y

L, =J I vi . 11 . (: � . 4:, tI ir

u9:. A MO Yi

. 1"" cu. : 9. tI o

Endnotes to p. 106

"ý,. s-r'J I ý,. I I v' cs'l: J I ýs JI4;, 1�9, o .A,, x. 9:. 11 0

A jj: J I 1

.Vj j-JI V V j9.; Jl A

.V Jam:,! 1 g AJ,. JI 1

. 11A k aJI Vi i1 _9

. if ý)yJI Vc

. fl j9. -J1 IT X\ J. 3-J, it Y'1 Jj: JI 10

Aggß, 11I 1l

. T1ýJI 1V f"A J-dý: JI \A

. llýybll

A. J JI Y

. fo J, 3.: JI ir

. 0Y J-*:,. ) I f.

. 00 _ .: JI Y0

Endnotes to p. 107

. fLJLI ýJJI J. 's I9I ijL, 10,: JI Vi . oV J JI 1

. oh j_5-JI

. VA J. _JI i . 1l j JI T

.A 0U, JI I

.1 0UjalI

MA Ilx, yi . 1V 'U , JI V c_ri . 1V 0U-t-0I A

1.9-,. a1 I : co 0ls,,. zJ I1

At t3 11

. ýo &19-, ý. hlI 1'i

. 'rA 19, ß. a! I 1 Y' AA c, L3_,. ajI it

.o" C) L9,., 11 10

Endnotes to p. 108 I" c, Lk j. al I 1

. 11 'L9 j. ýJ1 S'

. 1V 0isJ. öJI £

.V£ v lB_,. a1I l No ' L9, ,JI V

. ̀CV I A

.1J. ý: J I 11

.r s I, ýtý ý. l I V

. £o s1 J. -jI 1£

Endnotes to p. 109 n slýý.. JI 1

. cV ýI; JI Y'

. al si rý. ý: Jl i. .I jJ

. 11 ̀ 5I I 1

. vrv IJA- l v

. \V1 IIJA. JI A

. VIA `,, ýJ I 1

. lid 11

. \AV sly.: 'r. 11 1Y'

. 1\V ýI, ý, JI 1o

. ̀t'1V iJ. S. -iI 1l

. rc£

sI I ýV

.I VO cII %A

. IAA Iy. -j 1

. X19 acä. u ýJv. ö..., VV I j-%--J I Y

. Al 1_ . Jl Y1

. oi I ; JI yy

. lý' slýý. ý: Jl i£

Endnotes to p. 110

vI . Y1 j.. v..; JI

. ̀co j... -Jl 1

.coj.. -J I V

. YA J. o.: J I A

. Yý cß. 0.11 1i

. ig ýJ. o.: JI 1Y'

. £g I 1.

: 01 ýj. ý.: ý. ll 10 I ll

. oVJI 1V

"u ss. r.:, ý' U vaJ l ý. s . off j0Jl 1A

. ly J. -JI 1ý

. ok AJ. JI r A J.. -JI 'V

. AV ý, ýJ I i

.MJ. o.: J I 'r .

./J.. -JI r1 ArJ. o.: J I TV

.Výj. v: Jl fl Tt

Endnotes to p. 111

(jI L1 u', --j I .1j. o,: JI 1

ý, a :JIü : rte l. m_, _ýS c -, <J o 19 cJ L. A"J.. -J I Y

. ̀fig ý_4jI Y'

E- J---J 1 1 .rj. o.; J I a

. l-I 1

AV L0.. =B1I 1

. 1"4Lcr " ßsIl 11

. 'ý ý ý, ýz. ß all 1Y

Endnotes to p. 112 XV U"-O--A1I 1

. 1M U=-ajI i AA A L, a. ýI Y

. oV ß; 1I f.

. off .fI c

.1" ua�aöJ 1

. 1's (JI V

. V1 ý, a, a ö1I Iý

.rý, ý�a ö11 1

. r- xt

. AO 9 YV ý, a,. o.. fl11 %t

. Y'A 3Yý" º1 l0

. VA U, 2 iJ I 11 YV. 1V xtý, a., a of I 1A Xt um -, 22 1 1

Endnotes to p. 113

1: J il ua-ji ý. ri v\

. 11 z, i iI

. iV1.. zI i

.10 výý. JI 0

.1t1A vý1tJ I 1

. 'V Y

vs ( A

XG v11

. rA x,! I 1

. ii ý, ý.; 5.! I 11

. 0" v1) 1

. 00 vlýI yr

.1 G1 ý. iTI wI sWý tJ. ga"1. ýd 4ýIý. C, .

OV uSJý. il

. 0%1 ugý, 1li I \0

vJI \1

.1\ vs I \V

. 11 ü Jl \A

. 01 uj. ( JI "\

. 0l , =, ý KJIi

Endnotes to p. 114

.1"x. 9_11 1

. rc ý9. r11 0

X1 V Yý e9. u 1 A

ö ý. a. ýo l: ý, g :, L. 1 LJIß: J Ic r1 .L1 ý9, tý IJJJI A. 1

. fA ei-JI 11

. il X9. '11 1c

. fA ýº9ý1I 1Y'

.0" Jj�ý 1i

. ý. tl ' . off ý9)I 10

. 0L JI oI a it, J L"a: JI vs9 01: ý", I U "I`q�ý1I off' J-11 11

. oi ý, 'ýJI 1V 1A

. oV ý9)I 1g

. &c CJ. 9-ý. '°

Endnotes to p. 115

sI l. z !Iv. -. ýý (r .Vl.. a. J .

. 1V 9 11 ý vv L,. a.! 1

l CJL 1I V

. lA L zJ A

.ýV0 La! g

. r" 'l.,. ö1 1.

"ý' iýt.. a. ä! 11

Endnotes to p. 116

.Vö, Lý.. JI 1

. 04,1vs . 1"Zle... 11 i

. 1V I i'

.i -A Ill 1 Y 4zt u V

.öJ. o. ý LJ Isc, j 1. %-. -. JJItj LU JI A .L 'r"

. 1V911, ß 1"' J' 1

.V yl 11

.\. -, l %J1 V1

. il "Iýyl 1o

.1" ulýtrýl 1\

.1" vlts JI ýV

.1 ulJsýl 'A

.11 ul Jsýl

. fl ýIý. ýyl Y"

.G\ ulýi 3I 11

Endnotes ._ to _p. 117 . 0's vI_;.

uýtsyý 1

. -� ßb. 1 4. el9.. 0 . 1A ý. I yi f.

.o Lý..., A

. 11 ä.. "l, 11 g

. lk 1. &' 1 A Lam.. 1

Lý . 1Y

.1o LL., 1

. 1l Lý,., 10

. 1V Lam., ll

. 1ý L_.., 1V A. L. ., 1lß Xf L. " x'V U.. " y

A. I..., y

Endnotes to p. 118

iv LI.., Y

.fo Lam.., l

Yv jic A .)

. fl ,,,. lip

. r\J3L ,. ý. ý.., 41 4i

b U 11

. f. x J. bls 1i LJI Z-ji Yl

-. LU vv

Endnotes to p. 119

. ýLv. c lr Lý ý: ýS SO J1

. fly 1"

. oo li

. 11ý lo

. IA L ll AV Lr. j 1V

. ion i"

Endnotes to p. 120

.A výý19 1

L. JI9

V l; l. a. l19 f.

. f1ý výil, JI o

. iV uLsL.. aJI9 V

. 1ý 3Ig11 A

. \1 z LiLail \ M

uULAJ 1,3

.1"1 ULaJI9

.1"Y Li ., x119

.1 "Y "U"jI9 1Y My rU., aJ [j 1.

vL9L. aJI9 10

A-1' =, UL Jl j 1V

I? -, .. L, o: J I .1 "Y rUL. 0Jl j IA

. 01 vUL. JI9 1

Endnotes to p. 121

. 1T ý 1

. £o ( i

. £l Y'

. oTL o

. oV l J9L.. _JI V

oA Lpa A

. ir -\ L'a

. lT 1"

. At 11

. Ti ý 1Y

. To yr

. iT Vo lo

. VAS 1V

Endnotes to p. 122

. VA J.,. JI c .1 ýýJ I 1

A. ý4, JI . . ig ýý. II o

. TA , r. vj11 V

i A nßj11

. l1 `,., j1I 1'

Vi V1y, 11 . 1'J9t... JI 1l

. lY _r4JJI

1V XA I 1A

. 1V s, _)ll Y

. oi 4 iI Y1

Endnotes to p. 123

X% &. 4, ý. 1( o

. Y'oýg.. ll l XV I V

1if. ýLJI vi A. v-'. 's-I I A

. 1V ý,. a 1l 1_"

ý' . ýlýýgil 11

. oitI 1i oA ý9I1 1ý'

. 1" ý,. oý. tl 1i

Endnotes to p. 124

. 6. tL II Vi n

. ßs1 > tý o 217

. 1" ': tI 1

. Y'A Iv

.1c C", )l IA

. 4. L%JLs ijI9JI ý1. ii'ýL L, a.:. JI vs Irý ii

CPA L4, L 11.3 I-I. 9

. öy 1l "IzIyJI ý:: ýi

. 11ý. 1ý 1"

f `J., a's 1i AE

. iVý. lý. 9 1I'

. IST , iý�ý'I vs . 01 ý. L L1f

Endnotes to p. 125

.o"ý. L. as 1

Avý.. L a. s y

c5J. 3 JI 0

A0 tsJ. 9-WJI 1

. fl -j I A

. IvV ýJS.:: J I 1"

. rc ý. ý, ýJ 19 11

o1 csJ, q'. J- I 1V

Endnotes to p. 126

.1A ýs ýl l o

.Ia JI .. s . 1`t 1 iI l

. 1ý LiJ . J1I V

. ý, JL, L�2-JI c,. 9 . ii j

. Al J_ß_11

. IAA ýyý. lI

J_ JIýs9 rý , 9-' I lg I a. 99 c, aJ 14,. s ý5: ý ý. J . 11 ý,, ýý!

Endnotes to p. 127

. 1V 'L. %JI

. o\ 'L JI

.i" ýýý11

.091i. zL il

.1U. W1

Endnotes to p. 128 LLI I

1" 11 11' 1Y' li lo 11

Y1 Yý ýý

1" 11 li

.1E iý, I, u 1'

. IVY LLL-. 1I

. Y'o ä. ýt.. JI l

.1i `slý. ýYI V

. 10 JLL I A

. 11 ýsl YI

. 1V JL I 1

-; 1. ý ýYl 11

.c" ýl öýYl 1

. ir iLB. 1YI 1N'

. Yo iL, YI 1 f.

.r ul Yl lo

. 'c' iLBI YI 11

. 1o ýl; ýYl 1V

Endnotes to p. 129

.f-jL: LPJ I t . tlyNo jL2. Jl i

.r JL all 0

. r\ Jt JI I

. To juin v

.l bJI A

ý _zu

.h �ý.; ý., ate:; y ý.,., ý, a: J I vs .t" c_ I tt

. tt ý_: ýýJI ti

. to r. , JI ti'

. \V r. ll tF

. it c . JI to Y`1 __,. 3)I t1

Endnotes to p. 130

Al 'zAj. ýI

am1ý... 0 ,Y v-". Ji LS - r. L.. i (J J! vi .

. i"l9

.ß" t9

.! 0 j

Endnotes to p. 131

Endnotes to p. 132

-i' , _a 91 uý zýý. Z. 3 uý.. il ý-';

. iY' , ýl. ýJl: a. ll9

. ý'o ý. lýJl: ýJl9

.u uýJIaJI9

. %l dLJJI, JI9

.r �uJ

. YA �i-U1

. iV J9. kJ I,

.r Z-. i l Ao

-. -. UI-,

.o"p. ý.: JI,

Lj l-, .YYjY-

Endnotes to p. 133

.l,,. o.. aJ I1

.Alý. o. ö. ll a r9c -ýI 4,. s . i' TV j Y'- 9 i1 A9 11 t. o. All 1

.Yfý,.. a. ýý11 g

. Y'1 7. ) bJ11 1

Endnotes to p. 134 : ro X11 1

. VE of JJI i

. Yi ä-I- I9JI

. YV ä. ßi jJI l

. fV ., ii giI V

. EA ; 4L-%331,3j I A

1" äý9I9lI 1 A. y ýS.. ýJ I ýs . 1Y vas I9.1 i 11

. 1' ä I, y1 I 1i NO 4-u3I,. 0 I 1T

Endnotes to p. 135 AI 1

.1" . aýý11 Y Y'

. 1`C . a, aý11 i

. 1o a_, a3J 0

. 11 £ JI 1

. IA i, -Wl v

. Yr a, 1.11 A At a'. xil

. Y'9YJLhtI 11 A U. t ti 1V

. 11 U. )L41 Ir

. 11 U, ý L . LI 1 f.

. i1 äJ. L. tl 10

Endnotes to p. 136

I 61% L, =-J I f.

ä, m il o

"v-ý sý... --ý y9 cr- JI Ui "1"ä:.. ý.. ý. o.. t I V

Endnotes to p. 137

.l 1I 1

.A I-L"M1i i

Endnotes to p. 138

.i0 wI 1

. 11 ý, gÄ9L tI i Al Jl o 04.

mz,., Lü-l 1.

Endnotes to p. 139

.1 6y, i

. Y' ý3 lLW I

.ll ýyb. i l

Endnotes to p. 140 did I

. 11 x: 11., 1

m91 dill

. 1A jW tW

. A1 -40I ýs rý LÄ1)

Endnotes to p. 141

.Aä: 9LJ!

. ion ö Jl yr

.1Y ä3WI

. \A i91. ß! I

. Yý 9 TA ä. "sWI

. %i90ä3WI

. 11 C.: Jl

i V A 4I

i 0 1 V A

Alf r full 1V

Endnotes to p. 142

. \A !I

. 'c" x, ii

. YY ;., ý11

. YV ß,,,. I1

. 1V ; ý,. ll

Y. C, 41

Endnotes to p. 143

.oyý. t l

n : 1"Y'. ý,. a.. t l ý. o" r; all

i 0 l V

li lo 11 1V 1A

. ol 9 or -t^, ý. ýI A

Endnotes to p. 144 1 zL1 Ji I

.V ä_al. l- 1I

. Y1 9 i" 4 L.. JI v

. Irv ; ýlL oJi

. l0 9ý ýL. ýyl

Endnotes to p. 145

. fir L_JI

.YoL. J1

. ̀Co Lail U9 c, a: Jl .., TV L_JI

Endnotes to p. 146

. 11 91" . 11 öýL.. JI Al 3_m%L. JI

.1v.. yc

i 0 1 V

Endnotes to p. 147

. 14 )lyl

Endnotes to p. 148

. lY ý1. ý...: rYl

. rc `ßr11

111 ýg, a ý ýJLWI

Endnotes to p. 149

Al Q. I. C. ýI

.1A91Vr,. ß..;. 119

Y- -JIJ .1A,, ý rJ 19

. 'ýl 9 ý0 1ý J 19

.ýy... ß. 119

Endnotes to p. 150

i Y' t

1" 11 1c'

Yr . a.. JI y

.1 iLJ I 'C

. Y" LJI i lý öl

.o 227

. 10 , _:: J 1 ,3l

Endnotes to p. 152

Endnotes to p. 153

Endnotes to p. 154

.o 4-ui Y

. AVUJiI

.1 wi i

A s,.;.,. ý. l I

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Al-Qur'än al-karim (published Readings of)

A1-Basri, Abu `Amr, transmitted by al-Duri, Khartoum, 1990

Al-Kufi, `Asim, transmitted by Hafs, Kuwait 1982.

Al-Madani, Nafi', transmitted by Warsh, Beirut n. d.

Al-Madani, Nafi', transmitted by Qalün, Tripoli, Libya 1980.

2. Arabic manuscripts

Al-Dani, Abu `Amr, alldgham al-Kabir, the British Museum, Or. 3067.

Al-Duri, Abu `Amr, Qirä'ät al-Nabi, Maktabat al-Zähiriyya, Damascus, gira'at 320.

A1-Nakzawi, al-Igtidä' fi ma`rifat al-waqf wal-ibtidä', Maktabat al- Azhar 61.

A1-Näshiri, `Umar ibn Muhammad, Infirädat al-Näshiri fi madhhab Qalün wa'l-Duri, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, no. 336 (Rossi 35), Rome.

A1-Nashshär,. a1-Imäm, al-Qatr al-Misri fi Qirä'ät Abi 'Amr Ibn al- 'Ala al-Basri, Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyya, Cairo, 450.

Anon., Qira'ät Abi `Amr Ibn al-'Ala al-Basri, Jämi`at Muhammad ibn Sa`üd al 'Islamiyya, Riyad, 1285.

Al-Sakhäwi, Abu `Ali, Jamal al-Qurra' wa-Kamäl al-Igrä', al- Khizäna al-Hasaniyya, Ribat, 643.

Ibn Abi al-Qäsim, `Abd a1-Rahmän, `Alam al-Nusra fi Tahgiq Qirä'ät Imam al-Basra, a1-Khizina al-Hasaniyya, Ribat, 1052.

3. Printed books, journals, unpublished theses

`Abd al-Sabür Shähin, Athar al-Qirä'ät fi al-'Aswät wa al-Nahut at-'Arabi, Cairo 1987.

Abu Dä'üd, Sunän, ed. Muhammad M. `Abd al-Hamid, Dar 'Ihya' al- Sunna al-Nabawiyya, n. d.

A1-Baghdädi, a1-Khätib, Ta'rikh Baghdad, Beirut, n. d.

Al-Baghdädi, Ibn a1-Q7asi, Siraj al-Qari', Cairo 1981.

Bakhit Fadl al-Mawjüd, "Shaykh al-Hayrän al-Khalifa Hasab al- Rasül", Al-Qawm, Khartoum, March 1986.

Brockelmann, C., Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur, Leiden, 1937-49, Supplement Band 1 (=S I).

Brockett, A. A., Two transmissions of the Qur'an. Unpublished thesis, St. Andrews University, 1984.

---------, "The value of the Hafs and Warsh transmissions for the textual history of the Qur'än", in A. Rippin, Approaches to the history of the interpretation of the Qur'än, Oxford 1988.

---------, "Aspects of the physical transmission of the. Qur'an in 19th. century Sudan", Manuscripts of the Middle East, 2. Leiden 1987.

Al-Dabba', `Ali Muhammad, Mukhtasar Bulügh al-'Umniya, Cairo 1982.

Al-Däni, Abu `Amr, al-Taysir, ed. O. Pretzl, Bibliotheca Islamica, 2, 1930.

A1-Dhahabi, Ma `rifat al-Qurra' al-Kibar, ed. Muhammad S. Jid al- Haqq, Cairo 1969.

Al-Dimashqi, Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya, Beirut 1983.

Eid, O. M., The khalwa as an Islamic educational institution in the Sudan. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, Edinburgh University, 1985.

Fadl, Yusuf, Tabagät wad-Dayfalla, Khartoum 1974.

Al-Färisi, Abu Àli, al-Hujja, ed. Àli Näsif and Àbd al-Fattah Shalabi, Egypt 1983.

Gilliot, "Les sept lectures. " Studia Islamica 61 (1985) 5-25,63 (1986) 49-62.

Husni, Mahmud, "Qiia'at Abi `Amr ibn al-'Ala': dirasa `ilmiyya wanagdiyya". Diräsat 12/3 85- 103, Baghdad 1985.

Ibn Hajar, Lisan al-Mizan. Cairo, n. d.

Ibn al-Jazari, al-Nashr fi al-Qira'ät al-'Ashr, ed. Muhammad `Ali^

al-Dabba'. 2 vols. Cairo, n. d.

---------, Ghayat al-Nihaya IT Tabagat al-Qurra', ed. G. Bergsträsser and O. Pretzl. Bibliotheca Islamica, 8a, b, c, 1933,35.

Ibn Maja, Sunän, -ed. Muhammad F. `Abd al-Bägi, 1975.

Ibn Mujahid, Kitäb al-Sab'a fi al-Qira'ät, ed. Shawgi Dayf, Cairo 1980.

Jeffery, A., "Progress in the study of the Qur'an text". Moslem World, 25,1935.

Labib al-Said, al-Jam' al-Sawti al Awwal li al-Qur'an al-Karim, Cairo n. d.

Muhaysin, Muhammad, Al'! rshadät al-Jaliyya fi al-Qira ät al- Sab', Cairo 1971.

----------, Al-Risäla al-Bahiyya Pima khalafa fihi Abu `Amr al- Düri Haft, Cairo, n. d.

Musallam, Basim, The Arabs. Channel 4 production.

Neuwirth, A., "Koranlesung zwischen Islamischem Ost und West", in Actas do XI Congresso da Uniao Europeia de Arabistas e Islamologos, Evora, 1986.

Nöldeke, T., and F. Schwally, Geschichte des Qorans, Leipzig, 1909-10

Al-Nur, Yüsuf Ibrahim, "Safha min ta'rikh al-Sudan al-gadim". Majallat al-Fajr 9/2 115-18, Khartoum 1930.

Al-Qaysi, Makki ibn Abi Ta1ib, Al-Kashf `an Wujuh al-Qira'ät al- Sab', ed. Muhy al-Din Ramadan, Beirut 1987.

-------, al-Ri'aya, ed. Ahmad Hasan Farahat, Amman 1984.

A1-Qurtubi, Abu `Abdallah, al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qurän, Beirut 1966.

A1-Räzigi, al-Shaykh Sa1ih al-Shaykh Täj al-Din, Qalä'id al-Durr fl Ta'rikh wa Karämat Ibn Badr, Khartoum, n. d.

Al-Rümi, Yäqüt, Mu`jam al-Udaba', ed. S. Jilious, Cairo 1930.

Al-Safadi, Salah al-Din ibn Aybak, al-Waft bi al-Wafayät, Istanbul 1931.

Sezgin, F., Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums, vol. 1, Leiden, 1967.

Sibawayh-., Abu Bishr `Amr, al-Kitab, ed. `Abd al-Salim Muhammad Harlin, Beirut 1966.

Al-Süyüti, Jaläl al-Din, Al-Itgän f i: al-Qur'än, ed. Mustafa Dib

al-Bugha, Damascus 1987.

Al-Süyüti, Jaläl al-Din, Bughyat al-Wu at fi Tabagät al- Lughawiyyin wa al-Nuhät, Beirut, n. d.

Al-Süyüti, Jaläl al-Din, Husn al-Muhadara fi Ta'rikh Misr wa al- Qähira, ed. M. A. Ibrahim, Cairo 1967.

Al-Tabari, Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir, Jami' al-Bayan fi Tafsir al- Qur'än, Beirut, n. d.

Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad Abu `Isa, Sunan. Beirut, n. d.

El-Tom, A. O., Religious men and literacy in Berti society. Unpublished thesis, St. Andrews University, 1983.

Traini, R., I manoscritti Arabi di recente accessione della Fondazione Caetani, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome 1967.

Trimingham, J. S. Islam in the Sudan. Oxford, 1949.

Al-Zamakhshari, Abu al-Qasim, al-Kashshaf, Beirut, n. d.

Al-Zarkashi, al-Burhän ft `Ulum al-Qur'an, Cairo, n. d.

Al-Zargäni, Muhammad Àbd al-'Azim, Man'ahil al-Ìrfän fi Ùlüm

al-Qur'än, Cairo, n. d.

Al-Zirikli, Khayr al-Din, al-A`läm, Cairo, n. d.

'Y i'ý.. ý+yra. v r""i

ýýºr=. wýýy', %ýw".. yiiw. 'ý....... ýi t, t -.. Y.... - . ": :r : n2: :.. 7_'.: = = _! t"'.. 'ý"'T: ='. ". Y"":. - . _ý.

-}"ý ý. . 2f . ýýý-: 'C ý. -ýy:..... j

': t--... 1ýr; cve ir.. . y.. ý ,., r. [,. ý .... vý.. _. w: ".. . tea

ar;. ý: `..

;. S` rarT_ '' _ ý'-ýý r.. r_ ý.. ý. aý+ . iýýý"fr. r rte.

t. y ý: ýq;. ^" [4:

l,. 'ý ---.: _ý-. 'r^, ' t'1...

. ý. ý'a -

'PAý"'ý''

''. ý', "y' "sý`z. r. "": 1'"t".

ý, '-1' ý. '- .. -'_ - "M ..

, -y'I, i_ _;

`r. 1: ß. -" "'

-ý''. .... ,

ý.. ;t'-ý... ý'.

. -. ^..:

= ;., ..,. ý': ý. , ý.. ii i ý::: " ;. : ýý. ý: ýýý

t. ýý ".. i. =.

ý _`-ý,

.7 ýý

lrý'ý Äff! 'ßy~`�7 iaý. 1"

iý'.; -:

_ S ý'. S ý: i"ý; : +. ýiý

ý!; _: ^. - rfiý!

ý - --<ti. -. "ai.:: 1., q;;,. y'

:_ -- :ý... ý<si-"ý.;.:.! _'ý.. ý _..

ýý ^.

ý 'ý"`---"ýýý: i

n""'{'. ý: : j-ý ryi ' ý"' . 5ý: : ý:.. i a.. 'R"'". ý: a:. ; C. '4_C"ý... .:. - .Y

ýr: ": -q wt" s Iý-'[`ý"F'i=`ý

iy- ý ". -. ` ;" qmm, f.,:. w.,?..

" .. ff' 4+w'sý. °

i'A +ý "ý 'a; .,..: i 'ýý''ý; y M "" ýl : ", ý-t ": i.

. ti... ý . .,..., ^T

_n- l8i 40

04 o4P'

.. -ý_,.: ",: ": '.. " -::

= T'-: " "tý-"

-- -f. _ý'ýý. ,

`fix. ý:, ý ý? tY; ' WW-,

-11 , -- .. r;,,, 3 "'ý ".

~ .ý"1,

.ýýýý_. r,

-+ý ý. `.. ". r

... ": r-..

.: iÄ..:

t: rvT'":. r ". .i

S" M" "" -e. ý ""ý

ýý'- M,

", orj f"!

t "... r;.. ",. a. ""i ý" r, ý'>. 's '-Z "°

i s. ý:. '' ý ý, - .4 4p-

'"G" " "_l.. - .. " c_. v... l

u..: y±^t ija�is. t/r4`!

'r>a.. r"]: ": }i: "'ý+"u+: r-",: __', ". +.., ý]t... i:, ý: -. ý

-ýýý"

k57 : ': = i. ý

.7,: Akty ý: "x... f `"1" S

ýt'ýý; f: ýi"v:, ý'-ýý.: {"w: ., f .. ý

. 1'J>.. '.. "ti _

ý7. "c; ""r_ý'

lýný.. - ,

ý. 1 : j::! +'ýi, i_:

ý "v,;

." _ý -

durham e-theses an edition and analysis of kitab qira'at

Documents

otqira'at minhaj institute of qira'at & tehfeez-ui-quran...

kitab suci udana

lisbon kitab presentation

kitab maqtal al-husayn - searchformecca.com maqtal...

lal-kitab tewa - astrology software|e-kundali,red astro ......

kitab al buyu

lal kitab - 2

kitab us salat

kitab ut tawheed - · pdf filetitle: kitab ut tawheed...

hadis dalam kitab fiqh kontemporer (kajian atas kitab …

ilmu qira'at

panarangan di kitab vagu bahagi keso panarangan di kitab...

kitab ut tawheed - islamicportal.co.uk · title: kitab ut...

kitab ul aqaid

saktai aur qira'at khalful imam

kitab - archive.org

kitab alzahra

kitab matan takreb

kitab al inbah

kitab al tasrif