É. vaskövi 1, o. udvardy 1, m. endrődy 1, t. beregszászi 1, p. rudnai 1, É. csobod 2 1...

É. Vaskövi1, O. Udvardy1, M. Endrődy1, T. Beregszászi1, P. Rudnai1,

É. Csobod2

1Department of Air Hygiene NCPH-NIEH2Regional Environmental Centre for Central and

Easter Europe, Hungarian Office

SEARCHSEARCH

27-28 March 2009 , Bratislava, Slovakia

Identify the exposure level in combination with building characteristics and occupant behaviour and activities

Analyse the passive samples

Compare the air quality data measured by the participating centres

Evaluation of the relationship between measured concentrations and possible emission sources

Draw the conclusions

IAQ-related health problems in schools

IAQ can potentially affect the health of students /staff in the educational process

Children are more susceptible to poor IAQ

Students spend 4-8 hrs a day in school

Magnitude of schoolchildren population

IAQ pollutants are 2 to 5 times higher

Within the school building

Polluted outdoor air (traffic, industry)

HCHO BTEX

1.panelling

2.fabric

3.plywood

4.floor carpet

5.furniture

6

5

3

2

1

8

7

6.board

7. plastic flooring

8.oil paint

9.furniture

4

CHARACTERISTIC INDOOR SOURCES IN HUNGARIAN

SCHOOLS

MONITORING MONITORING PROGRAMPROGRAM

ALBANIABOSNIA**HUNGARY

ITALY*SERBIA

SLOVAKIA

* results aren’t integrated** pollution data are presented only

Country Town number

School number

Class number

Albania 3 10 35

Bosnia 3 10 40

Hungary 4 10 43

Serbia 7 10 44

Slovakia 2 10 40

INDOOR INDOOR classroom, in the breathing zone

OUTDOOR ambient air, closest to the window of the classroom

Country Beginning date

End date

Albania 22/01/2008 04/04/2008

Bosnia 24/12/2007 17/04/2008

Hungary 05/11/2007 29/02/2008

Serbia 28/01/2008 09/05/2008

Slovakia 03/12/2007 14/03/2008

REAL-TIME MONITORING

T, RH, CO2, CO PM

INTEGRATED (PASSIVE) SAMPLING NO2 BTEX, H2CO

Protocol for field work Training and consultation The same portable monitors and

passive samplers Blank samples Passive samples were collected by the

countries and analysed by one laboratory

Samples transportation were performed in compliance with the same protocol

RESULTSRESULTS

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Albania Hungary Serbia Slovakia

average

max

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Albania Bosnia Hungary Serbia Slovakia

average

max

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Albania Bosnia Hungary Serbia Slovakia

average

max

   HCHO P

CO2- values

PM10

AlbaniaClassroom crowdness (7 category)     0,0432

The wall is covered by white-wash     0,0136

When were the walls painted last time 0,0254     

HungaryOrientation of the classroom: facing the street   0,0353 0,0563

The floor is made of wood 0,0518   0,0009

Time of opened windows (<1 h)   0,0029   

SerbiaOn which floor is this classroom situated     0,0190

Windows not opened 0,0105   0,0976

How frequently are the windows opened   0,0769   

SlovakiaOrientation of the classroom: facing the street 0,0376    

The floor is covered with carpet 0,0736   0,0736

Classroom crowdness (<2m2; <6m3)     0,0887

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

HCHO

Orientation of the classroom: facing the street Slovakia

When were the walls painted last time AlbaniaThe floor is made of wood Hungary

The floor is covered with carpet Slovakia

Windows not opened Serbia

CO2

Orientation of the classroom: facing the street HungaryTime of opened windows (<1 h) Hungary

How frequently are the windows opened Serbia

PM10

On which floor is this classroom situated Serbia

Orientation of the classroom: facing the street Hungary

Classroom crowdness Albania, SlovakiaThe wall is covered by white-wash AlbaniaThe floor is made of wood HungaryThe floor is covered with carpet SlovakiaWindows not opened Serbia

- Facing the street: HCHO ↑ CO2 ↑ PM10↑

outdoor sources or not enough ventillaton?

- Fresh painting → HCHO ↑

- Floor: wood or carpet → HCHO ↑ PM10↑

- Classroom crowdness → PM10↑