e:51 - april-sept 20151 - ghani khan ki shaeri april-sept 2015... · 2016-04-19 ·...

{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_· "* eZËZ®sZv

** eZËag!Abstract

The Pashto poetry of Ghani Khan is much popular among the

Pakhtuns. He carves his own course in poetic expression and ignores

the traditional structure of Ghazal, and focuses on nazam (poem),

which is much closer to western style of verses. He depicts the high

goals of modernism, communicates liberal ideas with pluralism and

independence and exposes the exploitation of society by the hands of

Nawab, Khan and Mullah. His modernist poetic style, varying

themes, quest for beauty, love, God, mysticism, romanticism,

nationalism, humanism, aestheticism, and philosophy gave him a

unique position in Pashto literature. Because of his metaphysical

poetry and flamboyant style, he is known as mad philosopher poet.

His poetry is full of reality, wisdom, inspiration and liberty. In this

paper an attempt has been made to trace out the elements and

parameters of liberalism, independence and modernism in the poetry

of Ghani Khan. It also discuses the use of illusions, free use of verse,

thematic concerns in cultural pessimism, mistrust in religious

dogmas, the use of sensual words expression, scattered images and

symbolism.

g^aSÔ¸òZŠZg{',Zñ+B©3þGG

GL@*gõzpÄÔ‡Z+ZW-Eg;ÔZsxW!*ŠX *

ZsxW!*ŠX (NUML) Zk6,zWÔ%_·0*ÎyÔD-Eg;WsâegyÉ45½ð GEY+?ç GEE **

i!*yzÒyZzgZÖg?Šg]ƒÂZ,÷á²ÆnZCZZzg»ŠgZ3¯**Šg}W‚yƒY@*ìXi0+ÏZzg�Ygz-VÆ!*g}~Z¤/÷á²ÅÎaz„zZãƒÂ÷á²~Zk÷á²ÅTy0™Z½CìZzgŠvßÍVÃÌZK¤/Ä

~gìX"{y»ÑgÌQyÄZY~ƒ@*ìMVägzZāZzgpzgCÆ‚BWiZŠÄ’k,XXW\ä_yçÑ}~:ÜsçwÅ].h+§iÃZY¤/HÉ7,"zZßVÆŠßVÃÌZK¤/Ä~á1X{y†ZD{yÃ

�,œ~»4+_÷ᲦgHY@*ìX>W\Ã_ZŠ[Æ�gÄZYp¥w{y"Zzgg×y!*!*Æ‚BZq-„�~',Z',9Z™D÷X

†ZD{y�_ZŠ[Å**UgziÇg,¸41†g~4191YÃcô)eg‡{(ÆZÓyið**òÇîV~†ZBg{y²s!*e{yÆyaZ

].h+_ZŠ[~Qy»**xˬgs»Z`7X)q¢»Zq-4+ 1 ƒñX÷ᲃäÆ‚B‚B"Zq-!�,Æqï¸X"Zq-Ÿiì‚iÔ

2 Zq-4+qgƒäÆ´z{Zq-(Ïæ',ÅwÐÌà]gnp¸X�Y(Ïw"{y{y†ZBg{yÆ(,}dWZzg†Zßà{yƸð¸X

ZLzZ−ÆZW,zgÎcÆ!*)z{(„ÆyZy~»°ÃugìZzgß/uu)ñ�Š{6JéZ(ÆJâVÆ£tÅWzZiZkz‰Ü—HZ#

yz*y6,Zôm,~‚%Z`»gZ`åX0*Îy“WƈZ¤/pW\ä(„ghŠ~¶1Zz�;]Æ

ãCŠ6,W\ÃÓ#Öä8491Y~¤/ëgHXZÏŠzgZyW\äZK÷á²~»ù·š¼}Xg)¼}ÅWzZic*llZ?Ø(–X�W\Æ÷á²~»ƒÐZY

ù·ŒY@*ìXZkÆ´z{W\ÆŠzZzg÷á²~ù´0*âk)Ãâk(Zzg(The Pathan) Š~òy øÚ)gzÝÅ‚(÷XZôm,~�~W\»Zq-Â^

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 8

8591Y~÷áùƒZåX�Zã~舼¸VÆ´z{"{yÅ÷á²~½ã)(ÏìX

W\Å÷á²~»zZuZqÐiZLoZzg)±p:V»÷ZDÔZzgi0+ÏÆ3 ;CÔÒZzgèIUÐzZ/ìX

_ZŠ[»ÑgZyZŠÒ]~HY@*ìT»].h+`ÃÆjZáÐoƒ_·7HŠHìXqÑè�,œ~~_ZŠ[~].h+e$ÆÃc*]ÆZW,zgÎc™sÃWD÷Xqw„~¼™zZßVä_ZŠ[~].h+gD**]»_·Hìpz{ÜsZ’Zð»x¦gHY@*ìXZkK~Z¤/pWógzVä"{yÆ÷á²~ÃZZ0+Zi~7Hìpic*Š{F,ZrVä"{yÆgzâ+M6,–ðÅìX@*ëñ�Š{_¬~"{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëZzg6UîVÃZY¤/HìX

"{yZL¯x~gzZî§hVÐŒz]™@*ìXW\Å>—zāн~7,~÷ZzgZÏzzÐ"{yÅ÷á²~gzZî÷á²~лŠìX—zāÃZEw™DƒñW\Å÷á²~Zq-kZ0+Zi~âèÆÚ

W\Å÷á²~~WiZŠ>_ZŠ[~úc*V£xgBb÷X jZßV6,%1oìX"{yÅ÷á²~ÅŠzZ+S:]ª—zāZzgWiZŠ>÷XůY6,

4 ëÈMh÷āW\Å÷á²~Šzu~gzZî÷á²~йZìX

—zŸZzgZ÷ág}»ZEwðh~,ZL*ygzZe$ZzgZÐZŠ~&¢A (T.S. Eliot) KZöZá

~qìā—»ZEw].h+ÄZYÃ (Tradition and Individual Talent)

"{y 5 Zq-PÃgx�ÛZë™@*ì@*āz{âèZzgqwÆŠgxygZ‚¯BXäZL÷á²~~9sV~âèZzgqwÆŠgxyÜÃ6,™äc—

9 __________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

ZzgŸ»ZEwHìXW\Æ—ZâÎÆ÷Xz{:Üs@*g]†]»jZ!ŠêìÉ‚B‚Bñ�Š{qÑ]~Ì—»ZEw™@*ì}ÄLLˆ[óó~W\ä7VZzgbÔLLëóó~è,�Û;Š»E+™{HìXÄLLbZóó~z{Hì

! ‡`åÝôâÜæ]ño2äñ1 ì×Ðæv…]iä2ä�jè�c

ÖÓäe1Ú^ÖÓäÒç… ìçqã^á�ô�]‰1þcÓ^…p

ìç�v^ÖoXÚnßäX(…]Ý�c ‰j^�øì¶×1ì×1�þcÛàÖä! i`Ûj`çÞä]æµþpÇç… ‰j^(�ß^Öäiß`^ño�å

‰j^(�ß^‡m†æ‡e†�o Òä‡åÒßf1aÜþYçÕm�Òþ_p‰j^�øµþRç‰j†þgçìn^Ù ìç‰j^q`^áeØ…Þþh1þcÓ^…p

6 µäìçÞçÞç�øæ‘^Ù Ârnfä�ôq†Ý]mßf1

"{yHìā~ßÍVÐ]45é NEGgLƒVā7åENZñ�ŠìZzg÷Z›w̸Hìā?ñ�ŠƒXpZkŠ*ÊN™Z(4ìāZk»Ãðâ´7XT§bZq-yƒ%Ëâ´ÆX"{yqìāW\Å»Ñ]»ŠƒãecXpZ(7ìX�W\Ãâ}7ZzgW\»ŠÔƒ@*ìQÏZKyÃi0+Ï~›Ôp¥àZzgWgZxMìXp�È{W\Ãâ}ìZÏ6,Š*

Æ<@÷XZzgi0+Ï~f?zpZgƒ@*ìXW\»ŠÔŠ*~â−Zgƒ@*ì²W\»Šz„å¾d$Zzg?0+{XZzgW\Æ;V›ZzgŠh+Zg™äzZßVÃwZ„ÔwZññ]ìXÈ�W\»Šh+Zg™**eLìZki0+Ï~

7™YÔÉñ]ƈ„™YìX

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 01

WiZŠÄ"{yÅ÷á²~_ZŠ[~WiZŠÄÆjZáй�gìXW\

Å÷á²~ä_ZŠ[~WiZŠÄþe$ŒìXZ-[™',ë÷ā¦gÎwg‚ZzgahæZÆ´z{"{yäWiZŠÄÃ_ZŠ[~Š!*CãCŠ6,

”gs™zZc*Zzgz{ZLÑ~»x[gìXWiZŠÄ˜z‰ÜW\äZLZÃgÃFÏŠ,}Zq-Šz„Ã#¥™DƒñLLc*œYóóÄ~¬ŠzÈ~‡AV»ZEw™@*ìXpWy~È~Ãð‡¢/õ

EGÃZEw7HX"

{yäZL¯x~WiZŠÄÆZZÃg~FqpVÃZEwHXZk§bóó)ˆl(Zq-Äì˜V6,Ãð‡B7ZzgZk§btWiZŠÄÅZq- ÖþRçá LL

7 Zâ¿VwìX"{yÅ÷á²~~].h+ñç¬]ÅZq-M®ZŠñ�Š÷XVwÆ

îg6,o}ÔgzZe$ZzgèIc*ÓäZŠZgzV6,°xZOŠ~z){X

pDâ-ÏÅñç¬]"{yƹиV~pDâ-ÏÆUÌñ�Š÷XVwÆ

óóÔâ-ÏÆUîVà ‘v†] óóÔZzgLL Ò^…æ]á óóÔLL �Â^ )ulZr(óóÔLL Úþ_å�Ûä îg6,LLóóÄ~"{yäZKyüZk§b Úþ_å�Ûä ¹Zh§bªCÙ™D÷XLL

7HìāZKyÈvkŧbì¤/ò0*àÔŠðZVghŠc*ZzgZq-Wv~$+wŠHX

óóÄ~"{yqì ‰¡Ý â�ZâVÅ].Zð6,â?™DƒñLLe‹aŠ1/æÞ‚iÛ^Ý�ç Þä‰^‡�çÞä‰ç‡�ç

Þäm^…þgØ]Þ‚]Ý�ç Þäìçh�çÞä�þ_Þþi

Þä‰jç…pÞ䉶çbñoÖ†p �]iç…åiç…å�¶ä…]Æ×ä

11 __________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

8 mçþgçl]æì^Öoq^Ý�ç uÿç]ÞoæåŸ`åŸ`Öä

"{yHìā�ZâVÅi0+Ï»ƒˆZzgÃðñuz){Ði0+Ï~¯Z0+zi7ƒñX:Ãð*gzVZzge0+ÆZYßVÊNnZzgZk§b»àgZÂVÆÉX�ZãZk§b¦/gˆT§bZq-˜.$ZÌà„7¶āYx{àƒZX

óóÄ~qì: �Â^ чâ+MZzgrT$»f™™Dƒñ"LL�ce1Ònß1�øµnÇç…q`^áÒßf1 �ce1]Þ’^Êä�ø‡æ…q`^áÒßf1

‰j†þg1Ön‚æÞÓ1…]ÂÏØ…æþc^á…] �cµäÆn†mfçÞŠÓç…q`^áÒßf1

�c�ø…]þcÓçÆçÞþ_å‰ç�]Òßf1 �c�øÚ_×g]æþQþhoðµä�Þn^Òßf1

Únßäe1›ÛÃ1…]‡`åe1]…Ú^á…] �c�øìçbæ‡a†æþcÓ×1e¡Òßf1

�c�øÒnß1�µnÇç…q`^áÒßf1 �c�ø�…æÆç]æiç…q`^áÒßf1

µ^Õ�]Úß1µä�^áÞnk]æ]mÛ^á…] �c�øe‚Þnjç�]æ…q`^áÒßf1

�c�øÞˆliç…ciç…c�Þn^Òßf1 �ce1aÛjäÒÛˆæ…c�Þn^Òßf1

9 ‰j†þg1Ön‚æÞÓ1…]ÂÏØ…æþc^á…] Ú†j2äi†cæm†mþap�]‰1]mÛ^á…]

"{yHìāZkŠ*~"Z»°ìZzgTÅÑ_ZkÅå

»‡âyìXtÑ^Ô$+{�ÔpŠ¾èÔ£¤/~ZzgÐÂV6,¼zZàŠ*ìXŒV$+ÄZãZzgZq-Šzu}»hâgZY@*ìX¾d$cZkŠ*~¼Ì7tŠ*Üs{iCÙŧbìX"{y‚B‚B}.ZЊ¬™@*ìāZ¤/ZkŠ*~gxìÂ=ŠÚzZàW@Š}Zzg9=ÌX‚B‚BZ+ZZyŠ}TÐñ]pŠegCƒX

)¼AZzgŠ*(óó~"{yZv¬\Ц/Zgl™@*ìā qßùk]æ�Þn^ ÄLLtŠ*Ìpzg]ƒ$ËìZzg¼A0$ËìZ¤/=ŒV&q,«

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 21

�Ûâñª8[Ô�ZãZzgYxX]c�øÖçñ1Ê–ØÚ^ÖÓäXÚ^Öä�]�Þn^qßkÒä

Ê^…ÚçÖäñ1�å(‰^ÞäX�ø�…cþQçÒçÞäqç`mþap

ÖÓäæm×oÝô�c‰†Òßf1Xe‹q^Þ^áþUç]Þo]æq^Ý

01 2ä‡Ú^ÖnçÞ1‰†µ1Ò×äÒ×äÚ�ÇçÖnþap

Zz6,Š~ˆÓx¸VÐtZ0+Zi{Îc*YYìā"{yZkz‰ÜçÑ}~**Z»°Zzgчâ+MÃI7™@*åT~4~ÅÃðZyZkÃÃ7Wg„¶Zkaz{¼uJ-â-Ï»Dgƒ‰¸Zzg7åENZÐDe$™@*g;āZkÅi0+ÏBáXYèz{Z+Š*~7g{Y�çÙ**Z»°Zzg°xÂZiy»DgƒZzg:„tŠ*ZkÆg�Ƈ.ÞìX

Z¡Áè<ØÅñç¬]"{yÅ÷á²~~((ZyßÍV»f™{mW@*ì�è<ØÆ**x

6,çÑ}»Z¡w™D÷Xz{Zyñß-VÃ#¥™DƒñHì�ZL¢ŠZ]Ê´c*èIg8-Š}™qÝ™äÅK-zŠz~zsƒD÷X

)zg:Š* þgßo�Þn^‰fßä�å óóZzgLL Âf^�l óóÔLL qßùk "{yäZL¸V†LLZhì(óóz){~ñß~ÃW»¶K:¯@*ìZzgHìāñß~ÃÖ{Zzg

¦VÆ´z{¼7ecXz{åÜsZzgÜsZÏZOg~ƒ@*ìāÃðóóÄ~ñß~Æ Âf^�l :ÃðtŠzâVq,Ñ™ZkÊ}ÇXz{ZϧbLL

!*g}~qìā$Õä N}.ZÃpl™äÆa„Š]7™@*É}.Z„Æ**x6,b¦™@*ìZzg„Š]Ãfg=çl¯c*ìX

óó~HìX qˆ] óóZzgLL ΊÛk ÄLLµ^þYn‚Ù]æÒnß^‰jØ �Úö¡Âf^�lÒŠg

31 _________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

iØ]Ö×ùä]Ö×ùäÒçÙ �u×çåµä]…Ú^ÞçÞç

µäµþpjoÚnßn‚Ù �Ú¡ÚnßäÂrnfä

11 �ì†2çÒçaÛnß‚Ù ]æ�øøuç…æÖÛdžæiä

"{yÆ4,Šq-z{ßvZ•ðÁøsƒD÷�è<ØÆ**x6,¢ŠZ]Æ”w~ŠygZ]ÑgT÷XZ,ßv„Š]7™DÉZyÅ„Š]ÆúŠ*z~ZzgâŠ~qzVÅÑÓzwm»g�ÛâƒCìX

óóÄ~qìX qßùk {yLL "

^æ^pƆhÚö¡(qßjoÚö¡

u×ç]ηÚö¡(æŸmjoÚö¡

µäµŠnçΆe^á]æ‰joÚö¡

21 �øµçŸ¨µä�çÑìç…pµnjoÚö¡

óó~**x.Šñß-VÃW»¶K:¯Dƒñ"{yHìā5 qˆ] ÄLLÅÃâŠ~ZâYZzgßÍVƦV6,ƒCìZzgZÒz9Š*z~£ŠÆ”w

cè<Ø»ZEw™@*ìXóóÄ~qìX ΊÛk ´)·ZDwŧbLL

2äþYçÕ‰ç]Ù�øµ¡¨æÒþ_pæ…Òþ_c�]Ù]Ò%†ìç…Òþ_cµäþcÓ^…p�øþcÓ^…pq^Ù

2^iäq^ÝÒßf1�ø‰†æì^æ…c�þh1æ]2ò12^Öäæ…Òþ_c�ø]m†æµä^an†Òßf1ŸÙ

mçæe^Ù2äþYçÕµä‘f†in†Òþ_p

æ…Öä…]æÖ1�øaÇ1Öçñ1æe^Ù

2äÒçÝÒ^Ùì×Ї]…p�e^…]áæÒþ_p

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y _________________________________________ 41

µäe^…]ᵊ1`]Þ‚åÒþ_caÇäÒ^Ù

ÖnçÞoÞäìËäÚä�1�…Άe^á�Ü

31 ]Ò%†æ�]Æ1�ø솵äuÿ^cÿÒ¡Ù

"{yZv¬\Г{™@*ìā?ZL‘tÆ‚B¾§b»|u™DƒXt÷}™Ð!*CÙìāßvöîâ_÷?ZyÊZwŠïƒÔËżk,Zk§bÉfeƒāz{i0+ÏÐßWY@*ìXÂËÃgZÄ~‹}ŠïƒXZ¤/ÃðZKyW\ŧsЊ~ˆ¤6,ñ™@*ìÂQЊzu~(,~¤~2™DƒXpZ#ßv!*glcÎZw™D÷Â!*gl7ƒCXÄÆZ!òÜ]~"{yZLg[Ðç°â‡ìā~çsZzgZÛƒSka÷}ñÑíÐ**gZn:ƒ**X

"{y»Zk§b}.ZÐ#¥ƒ™“{™**´)·ZDwÆ�gÄLL“{óóÅc*Š@*i{™CìT~QrVäŠ*~Zzg{mîg6,›âVÆ‚B**Z»°6,}.ZÐDe$ŶX

"{yƯx»_·™äƈt¥xƒ@*ìāW\Å÷á²~~ZÖpÆOîÃZq-{mZÌqÝìXW\»Z0+Z¯Òy÷á+Ôgzââ~ÔZzgŠHìX‰āz{Ò]Ѓ.$ÔÑZ[Ôi³c*gÔ™ÔñuÔâ�ZyZzgÓ

41 z){‰ZÖpZzgÄZ**]»ZEw™@*ìX

©óg~©óg~Zzg,w6,4"{yÅ÷á²~ÅpzgCìXZL9n

÷á²zVŧbW\Å÷á²~©óg~Zzg´#Öóg~»F,)yìXi!*yÆZLW}ZzgZmÑ´Ã',ŒÛZggnpƒñi0+ÏÆ›ëZzgZkÆÓxF,9VÃ"{yZL»ŠZ0+Zi~7™@*ìXW\»CÙÄàz‰ÜZq-Ðic*Š{

51 __________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

iZztó{»¾èìZzgCÙiZztp»Zq-*ŠgÅmìX@*ët7,"zZßV6,«ìāz{ÄŠgzZi}Ås÷Zzg¾§bÐ"{yÆÎa~ŠZ4ƒ™oøJ-g‚ðqÝ™Mh÷XZk§b"{yZLZÃg~©óg~Zzg´#Öóg~Æ®Ã(,}ñW,Z0+Zi~7™@*ìX

"{yÆgzZyÄ~ZkÅzŸs#ňì/æÞ‚]]æΆ]…(]æ…]æ]æeä�p(ÞäeämçþU^ñ1�oÞämçþU^ñ1Ònþap

in^…åÿ]æÞç…mç�øeØqç`�p�]‰1eäin†å�o�]2äin†mˆp

51 ÖÓä‰nß‚�ø/æÞ‚aÜŸ…�å(Ò×äµäƆåÿÒþd1Ò×äÚn‚]áÒþd1

qgz!*ÑZÃg~"{yi0+ÏZzgWgZxÅ,wz©É¹pzg]Z0+Zi~™@*ìZzgqìāi0+ÏZzgWgZxÔWvZzg0*ãŧbì�LZq-

7ƒMhXZk§bW\äZ0+ƒ}ZzggzÝ»f™HìXāZKyZ#J-

i0+{ƒ@*ìÂZkÅi0+ÏgzÝÅâ#ì²%D„Z0+ƒZÑzqƒY@*ìXZk§bz{Hìāi0+ÏZq-Šgc*ŧbìT»gZ3LyZyzõZ~ƒ@*ìZzgLNhzV~X

ZyZÃg~WvÔ0*ãÔ@*gOÔgzÝZzgi}zW�yÅ©É)~ƒðÃWCìXpŠz#³pgDbzZàZÖpZzg¦gZ]ÅF,)ã™CìXŒV"{y].h+¦gZ]ZzgZkÅ©ÉÐzZ/ŠßZ@*ìZzgZkÐ$qÝ™äÅ@*N™@*ìX

óóªi0+Ï~qì /æÞ‚ "{yZq-Šzu}ÄLLÖÓäe1Ú^Þþhþq›Ã^Ý 2äµä/æÞ‚Òþdf1‰íjäÞäæp

ÖÓä^Õæøì^æ…æq^Ý 2äµäìçÖäÒþd1ìß‚]Þäæp

ÖÓäµþRäÚn^áÒþd1iç…å 2äuÿç]ÞþuÒþd1iÓ×nÌÞäæp

61 µä…ÞþhçÞç�o…Þvÿç… Þäñ1µþ_Ñ�þuÞäñ1�þ_Þþi�o

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 61

qgz!*ÑZÃg~"{y©óg~Zq-ZâÇZ0+Zi~7™@*ìz{i0+ÏÃ1Ææ£.ÞÔì×Z?ØZzg�ZãÃ)]Ææ£.ÞÑ™Òy™@*ìX

óóÄ~Hì ‡m‚pþgØ "{yLL‰j^µäe^ÉÒþd1µä‡…þgçÞç�pþg¡h‡Ú^�^á

mçe1ÞçÚä‰ç…�…m^hÒþd1mçe1ÞçÝþYþYÓ1…æ]áiäÿ�ôaܵäì¶Ø‘v†]Òþd1ìËäÚäÿ�1‡Ú^æ……å

71 (솅]eä�o�m‚áÖä�ôþYçÕ‰çñ1Æßoì^á

"{yHìāvg}Iy~÷~§bZzgÌDÙZgzVYw÷XT§bË"**xaç NcŠgc*Y~Zq-"**x¢{Ëg;ƒX?ÌZLõZ~ZŠZk#ÖƒYèW\Ã5±™äZzgŠh+Zg™äcÃð:Ãð7Õä EMƒZ"

{yWYñÇX"{yÅ÷á²~5Zzg].h+ÎaÆ�ÛzrZzgßÃ~ÆÜsŒz]»

**xìX"{yHìāLL~eLƒVāZLßÍVýc*CZzggz×ìwŠdVZ,ßvXÅZq-Îa)zn,y(ƒZzg¢oZˆkƒZ»scX�

81 i0+ÏÆqÑ]Æ‚Bg{™ZLapŠw»ê™ÃXóó

³�,œ~~].h+e$Å’q-zÃc*]ÃZ%MZzg-g\~»°

=qBXZ¨YÆF˜´~].h+e$ZyÆZŠ[ÅpzgCk�g„X1_ZŠ[~Z,¹ÁÄZYÃWD÷MVä].h+e$ÆÃc*]ÔÁÜZzgñç¬]ÃZŠ[~”gs™zZäÅÃlXX@*ëSkK~"{y»**x_ZŠ[ÆZyÄZY~uz„ìX

aèWiZŠ~ZzgWiZŠìà_y¡]»Zq-@*g]bìXZka"{y

71 _________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

äF,¹c*Ci!*âVÆZŠ!£gZzg].h+e$Æñç¬]Ã:Üs_ZŠ[~”gs™zZc*É5Îaz„Ð_ZŠ[Ã].h+ÁÜÐi“MŒX

ZL®ZzgZ0+ZiÆÒpÐ"{yZq-Z(÷á²ìT»„zìwZq-Z+¤Ï»qïìT~ZˆkZzgŠgŠ”]Ðñ�ŠìW\äZL

,ÃZLZ0+ZiÐÄ~ÈŠc*ìX)~ƒð£zk,c*ŠZ*3ÔZÖggZñÅWiZŠ~ÔŸzZ÷ág{Zzg©É

W\Å÷á²~ÅZqÐi~S:]~Ð÷áï÷X"{yZq-Z(÷á²ìTäÇsV~�ÛΊ{gzZc*]ÆÜsŒz]ÅXZkäçÑ}~Z¡àÁÜÅj,(ËÅZzg{mîg6,ñß~ÃW»¶K:¯c*XYèz{ñß~ÃßÃ~ZzgŠZ#Ö6,4ÅZq-´#ÖB÷XW\»¯x].h+�YÁÜ6,FFìXZkaz{gzZîZzggzâ+MÆÄZYйZìXW\Ã÷~ÎaÔZˆkZzgŠgŠÅzzÐ_ZŠ[~Zq-»Š£xìX

"{yä].h+e$I~ÆÁÜZzgñç¬]Ôgs™zZäÆ‚B‚B_ZŠ[ÃQk£x6,àc*āWäzZàh:ÜsW\Å÷á²~ЯZ0+ziƒfÉ‚B‚BW\Å÷á²~Ã7,_Zzg÷ZÇVÃKcï™Dg345Áõ XG

EYX

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 81

jZ!Y]�„C@*gõzpÄ0*ÎyÔ ¦z‡gZ÷á{ÔLL†ZD{y:§]z}.â]óóÔ 1D

Ô¸òZŠZg{',Zñï@*gõzpÄÔZsxW!*ŠÔm31X Z6,sDm4002YZsX 2D

3- Fazlur Rahim Marwat, "Ghani Khan: A Renaissance Man", The

WUFA, March 7, 1996. Also see; Ghani Khan 1914-1996, translated

by Taimur Khan, World Press, 2005, p. 2.

http://ghanikhanfiles,worldpress.com/2005/12/ghanikhan-poetry.pdf

¯¤‰Ü{k,~΂ÌÔ µnþdç… a"Ô"{yÔŠ_ZŠ[Š]Ð)é IY‚i{,Ô 4D9002YÔm61X

Liaquat Iqbal (et .al), "Ghani 's Khans Poery: A Modernist

Perspective," Journal of Applied Environment and Biological

Sciences, Vol 4, No 95, (2014), p. 510.

5- Thomas Stearns Eliot, "Tradition and Individual Talent" in the

Sacred Wood, essays on Poetry and Criticism (New York: Alfred A.

Knoof, 1921), pp. 47-55.

à]Ômm89D001X 6D)Zjjîy:š¸ñzZz š"à]:š¼}XgÔø˜Zz0*âk {y†ZD{yÔ 7D

D�ziZg]Ô5891Y(Ômm89D001X{y†ZD{yÔà]Ômm973D673Zzg1‰ÜZDwÔm115X 8DZsÔm732Zzg 9D

Mian Shah Bacha and Bakht Sheema Bibi, "A Study of the

Comperative Elements in the Poetry of Keats and Ghani Khan",

Strength for Today and Bright for Tomorrow, Vol. 10, November 11,

2010, pp. 183-200.

Ôm512X à] {y†ZD{yÔ 01DZsÔm033X 11DZsÔm162X 21D

91 __________________________________ "{yÅ÷á²~ÆPZëU:Zq-Yì_·

ZsÔm421X 31D1‰ÜZDwÔm215X 41D

Ô482D382X à] {y†ZD{yÔ 51DZsÔm085Zzg 61D

Abubakkar Siddiqui, "The Pilgrim of Beauty: A Pashtun Poet's

Continuing Appeal", www. gandara.rferl.org.

ZsÔm852X 71D18- Adil Zareef, "A Smear of Colour, a String of Poetry, and a Rebel",

The Express Tribune, March 15, 2015.

C@*gõzp¢ïEGL0*ÎyÔZ6,sDm5102Y __________________________________________ 02