eff: naba%20dvb%20world%20presentation
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8/14/2019 EFF: NABA%20DVB%20World%20Presentation
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Presentation to the DVB WorldPresentation to the DVB World
Dublin, IrelandDublin, IrelandMarch, 2005March, 2005
Protecting Digital Broadcast ContentProtecting Digital Broadcast ContentFrom Unauthorized RedistributionFrom Unauthorized RedistributionAn Issue For All BroadcastersAn Issue For All Broadcasters
Spencer StephensSpencer Stephens
North American Broadcasters AssociationNorth American Broadcasters Association
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Protecting Digital Broadcast Content FromProtecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized RedistributionUnauthorized Redistribution
Internet Redistribution of ContentInternet Redistribution of Content
Benefits
– Broad access to educational, governmental and
public service information
Risks
– The devaluing of capitalized entertainment
produced with the expectation of licensingrevenue and other residual value
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Unauthorized Redistribution is a
Concern For All Broadcasters
How is broadcasting put at risk by digitalHow is broadcasting put at risk by digital
delivery?delivery?
What’s wrong with unauthorizedWhat’s wrong with unauthorizedredistribution?redistribution?
Why should every broadcaster care?Why should every broadcaster care?
Is there more than one suitable form of Is there more than one suitable form of
protection?protection?
How can protection be obtained?How can protection be obtained?
ConclusionsConclusions
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How Is Broadcasting Threatened By Digital Delivery?How Is Broadcasting Threatened By Digital Delivery?
Broadcasting in digital form brings benefits to viewers and
broadcasters
It also brings a new threat:
– DTV content is at risk of widespread unauthorizedredistribution on the Internet.
– The Music Industry experiences with NAPSTER provide
important lessons…
– The ability to protect content worldwide is necessary to
ensure Broadcasting survives in the digital world.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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How Is Broadcasting Threatened By Digital Delivery?How Is Broadcasting Threatened By Digital Delivery?
PCs are capable of capturing high quality video and applying advancedcompression
PCs and consumer video devices are increasingly connected to the
broadband Internet.
Broadband Internet upload and download times are increasing rapidly
– e.g. for a compressed 22 minute DTV program:
Today In 4 Years
Standard-definition up to real-time 1 min
High Definition ~ 120 min ~ 5 min
If DTV is not protected, HIGH QUALITY DTV picture and sound content will be extensively copied and re-distributed .
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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What’s wrong with unauthorized redistribution?What’s wrong with unauthorized redistribution?
Local broadcaster obtains rights for, and broadcasts in its local market.
Intended TV viewers receive the unencrypted digital TV broadcast.
Unprotected content can be easily redistributed using peer-to-peer file sharing.
Vast numbers of people worldwide can access the unprotected content. With advances in processing power, storage capacity, and broadband access…
EVERYONE BECOMES A BROADCASTER!
Internet
UnprotectedUnprotectedDigital OutputDigital Output
PC with
Broadband InternetConnection
Digital TVDigital TV
Program withProgram with
No ProtectionNo Protection
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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Why Should Every Broadcaster Care?Why Should Every Broadcaster Care?
If available, content may become more
expensive because of Internet risk
Potential impact on geographical and timerelated licenses. Interference with localrules/practice on release-windows
Purchase / license content
Compelling content will likely migrate to more
secure services such as satellite and cable
Valuable businesses models will be harmed
including core advertising, syndication, sports
leagues, DVD and VHS programming sales
Want compelling content
Unauthorized Internet Redistribution Risks:Unauthorized Internet Redistribution Risks:Broadcasters:Broadcasters:
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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Why Should Every Broadcaster Care?Why Should Every Broadcaster Care?
Future value of content reduced
Future audience appeal in other markets
reduced
Invest in producing
original content
May be compromised by unauthorized
distribution, use and repurposing of their
content
Consumers suffer from a lack of choice (in
particular a certain proportion of society whichrely on broadcast TV, e.g. poorer families that
cannot afford PayTV)
Public image and
credibility
Unauthorized Internet Redistribution Risks:Unauthorized Internet Redistribution Risks:Broadcasters:Broadcasters:
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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Protecting Digital Broadcast Content FromProtecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized RedistributionUnauthorized Redistribution
Second sight
Victor Keegan
Thursday February 17 2005
The Guardian
“[T]he writing may be on the wall for TiVo-like
devices because of what David Price, a
researcher with Envisional of Cambridge, calls
the free global TiVo on the internet. He is
referring to the dramatic upsurge in
downloading films and TV shows through peer-
to-peer sharing facilities on the web.”
“New Envisional figures about to be released
show Britain leads the world in piracy. [The UK
is] responsible for 38.4% of TV downloads in
the EU and 18.5% worldwide. Australia is
second with 15.6% and the US a poor third on
7.3%..”
Copyright Guardian Newspapers Limited
Is this an issue for European broadcasters?Is this an issue for European broadcasters?
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
Two basic methods:
– Protection at the signal source
– Protection upon reception prior to
any digital storage or output
In each case, receiving devices must:
– Treat received program content with
acceptable protection for re-transmission / recording.
– Enable restriction of content flow to a geographic
approximation of a home.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
Content protection methods may differ by region –
but together must provide a secure system worldwide
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
Protection at the source (e.g. Japan)
– Conditional Access (CA) is used for digital terrestrial television
– Content protection is provided through encryption solutions andequipment supplier agreements
• (similar to DTH and Digital Cable Television.)
– Content is scrambled/encrypted before transmission
– Set top box descrambles signal using a renewable smart card.
– Copy protection and internet redistribution protection can also be
signaled
– Appropriate digital connectors and content protection methods must be
included.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Is There More Than One Suitable Form of
Protection?Protection?
Protection at reception (e.g. North America)
– Many markets require “Clear-To-Air” Digital Terrestrial Broadcasts
• Signals are unprotected prior to reception by a receiver
• Since no permission is required to receive the broadcast, thebroadcaster does not have a contractual mechanism to trigger and
control the protection of DTV content in over the air receivers.
• So a government mandate must require protection upon reception
– Receivers (i.e., TVs, Set-top boxes, PC DTV tuners) must look
for rights signaling information – Receivers must encrypt and protect the TV signal if the rights
signaling information prohibits redistribution.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
United States
• The “Broadcast Flag” Solution:
– Promulgated by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) in November 2003.
– Insertion of the redistribution control descriptor in the ATSC bit-stream is at the option of the broadcaster on a program-by-
program basis.
– All receiving devices must have the ability to detect the flag and
activate appropriate content protection (as approved by the FCC),
to protect from unauthorized Internet distribution.
• This is achieved by protecting copies and outputs in receiving
equipment.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
The Flag is about control of redistribution, not copy control
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
United States (continued)
•The Broadcast Flag Regulation:
– Requires new devices with television tuners (e.g. televisions,
some computers, etc.) to respond to the “broadcast flag” by
July 1, 2005.
– Requires products and devices wishing to receive unencrypted
DTV broadcasts to protect content against unauthorized
redistribution using FCC-approved output and recording
protection technologies.
– FCC recently approved 13 technologies as broadcast-flag
compliant.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
The Flag is about control of redistribution, not copy control
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
United States (continued)
• Flag Solution allows:
– Unlimited copies onto physical media
(such as VHS tapes, recordable DVDs)
– Unlimited time-shift recording
(such as with TiVo-like digital recording devices)
– Option to control redistribution
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
The Flag is about control of redistribution, not copy control
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Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?Is There More Than One Suitable Form of Protection?
Europe
• DVB sub groups CM-CP and TM-CPT are working to develop the
Content Protection and Copy Management (DVB-CPCM) system for
managing distribution, copying and redistribution of televisioncontent.
South Korea and Taiwan
• Both countries have adopted ATSC and therefore may be interested
in a solution akin to the US “Broadcast Flag”; the rest of Asia have
adopted DVB and therefore will likely adopt a DVB-compliant
solution.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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How Can Protection Be Obtained?How Can Protection Be Obtained?
For free over-the-air broadcasting to remain a viable means of
distribution, the transition to digital television must be accompanied
by a solution to prevent unauthorized redistribution of unencrypted
digital broadcast television on a worldwide basis.
Technical solutions exist – but need to be mandated and protected
by regulation.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
Content protection is needed internationally to give
Broadcasters the Option to Restrict Redistribution
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How Can Protection Be Obtained?How Can Protection Be Obtained?
National Protection
– Each country should analyze available solutions and choose the solution
that best fits their needs.
–Regulators then need to implement legal mechanisms to mandate use of the chosen solution and specifically to:
• Ensure acceptable content protection is enabled in consumer
devices;
• Ensure effective copyright protection as required by applicable
national, regional and international norms; and
• Ensure content signaling tools for free over-the-air broadcast
are supported throughout the delivery and reception chain.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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How Can Protection Be Obtained?How Can Protection Be Obtained?
International Cooperation
– WIPO needs to incorporate obligations for mandate of redistribution controls
into its proposed new Broadcaster treaty.
NABA Stands Ready To Collaborate!NABA Stands Ready To Collaborate!
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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ConclusionsConclusions
The protection of valuable broadcast content against unauthorized
redistribution is of international concern.
Special attention is required for protection of unencrypted over-the-air DTV.
Steps must be taken at national and international levels to ensure that
technical and legal protection mechanisms are in place and enforced.
There is more than one solution that can solve this problem.
Content protection methods may differ by region –
but together must provide a secure system worldwide.
Protecting Digital Broadcast Content From
Unauthorized Redistribution
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