effective presentations skills 2
Post on 06-May-2015
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PREPARATION AND PLANNING
Fail to prepare;
prepare to fail
Anon
SETTING AN OBJECTIVE
General objectives fall into the following categories:
To inform/teach/train.
To stimulate/motivate/inspire
To persuade/convince/sell
To explore/debate/negotiate
To amuse/entertain
SETTING AN OBJECTIVE
RESEARCHING YOUR AUDIENCE
Finding out about your
audience will enable you to
make your talk relevant to
them and thereby overcome
many of the difficulties that
listeners face when trying to
follow the spoken word
RESEARCHING YOUR AUDIENCE
1.Audience members( no.hidden/key)
2.Audience knowledge(
you/topic/perception)
3.Audience attitude( towards you)
4.Audience benefits( appeal to needs)
Positive self talk
Self esteem
Better performance
The man who makes a bad
thirty-minute speech to 20
people only wastes half an
hour of his own time. But he
wastes 10 hours of the
audience’s time which should
be a hanging offence.
Jenkin Lloyd Jones
Speak properly and in as
few words as you can,
but always plainly; for
the end of speech is not
ostentation, but to be
understood.William Penn
I do not object to people
looking at their watches when
I am speaking, but I strongly
object when they start
shaking them to make sure
they are still going.
Lord Birkett
Speeches are
like babies -
easy to
conceive, hard
to deliver
Pat O’Malley
Body Language
W. B. Yeats
I always think a great
orator convinces us, not
by force of reasoning,
but because he is visibly
enjoying the beliefs
which he wants us to
accept.
Audiences are not impressed with words.
They are impressed with:
Enthusiasm
Vitality
Sincerity
IS THEFIRST STEP
TOSPEAKING
WHY PEOPLE FAIL TO LISTEN:
« They anticipate what is going to be said and switch off.
« They are planning what to say when it’s their turn.
« They may be tired or worried i.e., they may have too much on their mind to concentrate.
« They can’t hear or they find the speaker’s voice dull and monotonous.
« The topic is too complex and difficult to follow.
« The topic is too simple and basic.« The speaker lacks credibility and
confidence.« The chairs are hard; it’s either too hot or
too cold and the sound of the traffic is very distracting.
Put yourself in your listeners’ shoes and ask yourself how can you help them to follow your talk and what will make it relevant to them.
Some speakers like to follow the FEB technique:
Appealing to the listener
F - Feature or Fact
E - Effect of the F
B - Benefit to the listener
APPEAL TO
EMOTIONS
SHOW HOW YOUR
IDEAS WILL
BENEFIT THE
LISTENER
Be VISUAL
It has been estimated by the Communications Researcher, Professor Albert Mehrabian, that words account for only 7 percent of the speaker’s effect on an audience. A massive 55 percent of the speaker’s impact comes from the visual, I.e. how he looks, facial expression, gestures, body language and posture, etc., while 38 percent of his impact comes from voice; does he sound trustworthy, is his voice varied and interesting to listen to?
BUILDING
AN
IMPRESSIVE
BODY
BODY LANGUAGE
Smile
Smiling at your audience says “I am
happy to be here and I am glad you
are here too”.
How to make a good first impression
‘No one can seeyour pounding heart or churning stomach or
your dry mouth, so why reveal on your face the turmoil which is going
on inside your body.’
Once settled, you can look around
and take a few quiet, deep breaths.
Don’t look at your cards or even
touch them. No amount of silent
rehearsing will help you make a
better speech at this stage.
HOW TO MAKE AN ENTRANCE
Nobody is born a good speaker
and that you have to work at your
body language to appear relaxed
and natural.
Why is body language important ?
Fidgety feet
Fiddling fingers
The perils ofBAD BODY LANGUAGE
I could see it in his eyes
It is one of the most important
factors towards creating a good
speaker.
EYE COMMUNICATION
There is nothing more frustrating than trying to talk to someone at a party who is looking constantly over your shoulder and around the room.
Eye contact also denotes authority. Powerful people give more eye contact than those who are less confident.
Somewhere in between a shifty look and a stare is the correct eye contact, and it varies according to the degree of intimacy in our relationships.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
I’m sure you have seen speakers who stare at the ceiling throughout their talk as if their script were written up there in large print. For a variation they glance at the floor or out of the windows to an imaginary listener sitting outside.
Avoid speaking only to the most powerful or influential person present.
WHERE IS THE AUDIENCE?
You know instinctively that you
express your emotions through your
eyes and so if you don’t look at
them, they won’t be able to see how
nervous you are.
Why is it difficultto look at the audience?
Audience feel (probably unconsciously)
that you are not interested in them. If
you don’t pay attention to your
audience, they will not pay
attention to you.
What happens when we don’t make eye contact?
Practise maintaining
contact for longer than
usual without it
becoming uncomfortable.
HOW IS YOUR EYE CONTACT?
Check what colour your
listeners’ eyes are; how
many are wearing
glasses;
How to overcome your reluctance to look at the
audience?
Little short jerky
glances are not good
eye contact.
What to avoid in eye contact?
FACIAL EXPRESSION
Your eye contact is essential in
audience communication, but if you
are looking at them and frowning or
appear depressed, they will not
believe that you are enjoying
speaking to them.
What not to do with your hands?
Fiddling with rings, watch, cuff-links, buttons, pens, elastic bands, paper slips, spectacles, cuticles and nails, confidence cards, coins in pocket, pointers.
Touching and patting face, hair, pockets, desk, table.
Clutching back of chair, notes, side of lectern.Scratching any part of the body.Hiding them behind back, in pockets, in lap, by
folding arms, or by sitting on hands.Pointing at the audience.Wringing in despair.Rubbing together in enthusiasm.
I don’t aim to kill the
butterflies, but I want
to get them to fly in
formation.Anon
Learning to cope with nerves
Remember it’s the fears which are making you nervous.
Is it fear of: Forgetting what you want to say. Not making sense. Being boring. People getting up and walking out. Your boss thinking that you are an idiot. Your subordinates thinking that you are an idiot. Your friends/colleagues thinking that you are an
idiot….
What makes you nervous?
How to control your nervous?
Everyone suffers from nerves.
Don’t let your nerves control you.
Face up to your fears.
Turn negative nerves into positive power.
Practice kills panic.
You will be successful.
Accent
Volume, clarity, variety
To be an effective speaker you need:
To be heard.
To be understood.
To have variety in your voice.
FINDING YOUR VOICE
If you haven’t struck oil in
the first three minutes -
stop boring.
George Jessel
To sway an audience,
you must watch them
as you speak.
C. Kent Wright
A picture is worth
a thousand words
- or is it ?
Once you get people laughing
they are listening and you can
tell them almost anything.
• Humour unites audiences.• Use common problems and shared
experiences.• Avoid telling jokes.• Collect funny stories.• Never read your humorous lines.• Aim for chuckles, not for belly laughs.
Herbert Gardner
• PERSONAL COMMITMENT
• SHOW ENTHUSIASM
• NEED EYE CONTACT
• INVOLVE WITH PAUSES
A CONVINCING DELIVERY
• SPEAK UP EARLY
• PRACTISE IN SOCIAL
CLUB
• PREPARE
• ENTHSIASM
• VITALITY
• SINCERITY
FINAL THOUGHTS
Robert Louis Stevenson
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