electronics compilation
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1. AND gateoperates
If all inputs are 1 and all output is 12. Made up of sine wavewithfundamentalfrequency and its entire
harmonics.
Sawtooth Wave3. Graph of Impedance in vertical axis
Voltage or current accompanies with reactive components4. A wiring diagram would be found mostlyin:
Service/Repair manual in radio receiver5. Inductorworks in
stores energy in the magnetic field6. A zenerdiodeexhibits
constant voltage, varying current7. Inpositive logic circuit, the logic 1 represents
High level8. It converts high language to machine language
Compiler9. Open circuittest are to measure?
Core Loss10. Short Circuittest on transformer is done by?
shorter the smaller voltage winding11. Regulationis used to? Maintain a constant level of supply
12. When its electron tubes are applied with a high voltage, it emits lights?
Phototube13.Transistor Packaging usedduring the time of transistor?
Transistor Outline Package14. The ability of magnetic material to retain magnetism even if the magnetic
supply was switch to zero?
Residual Magnetism15. Lightning Arresteris usually placed?
near the transformer16. Used to eliminate the use of inductive elements RC synthesis
17. During thispotential conductionexist after being idle?
Offset Potential/Threshold Potential18.This influence must be considered during recombination?
Emission Coefficient19.At mid frequency, the loss at lower half frequencyis?
3dB
20. Error that is due to inexperience of the user?
Gross Error or Personal error21. This is used to limit variations in amplitude?
Limiter22. Used to have amplification and when saturated it will stay saturated to
that leveleven if increase in bias?
Level Clamp23. The most commonly used FET amplifierfor voltage amplification?
Common Source Amplifier24. The most simple converterused for motor?
Half wave converter25. The difference in angle between two vectors?
Phase Difference26. Discovered that the radius of an atom is 10
-14m?
Ernest Rutherford27. The Output of 175 VDCrectifier circuit?
Pulsating DC28. The most influentialfactor for conductivity?
Electron Structure29. The one that holds the current register of instructions?
Instruction register30.Alkaline? are better used on radios compare to zinc-carbon cells
31. Lead Acidis about?
2.1 Volts32. The one with highest input impedance?
MOSFET33. A variation of Colpitts oscillationthat use net inductive reactance on its
circuits w/ 2 capacitor elements?
Clapp Oscillator34. Surgeimpedance of cable
5035. An overexcited synchronous motorrunning without mechanical load Synchronous capacitor
36. Type of resistors connected parallel w/ capacitorin power supply
Bleeder resistor37. Voltage Regulation is negativewhen bad power factor is
Leading38. Coronais likely to occur at
Transmission Line39. Duty cycle of square wave
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1:240. Strongest dielectricmaterial
Glass41. Comparatorwith hysteresis
Schmitt trigger42. Serves as cathode of dry cell
Zinc container43. Electrode ofAlkaline cell
Potassium hydroxide44. Cellcommonly use on emergency system
Silver Zinc45. When making a binary counter, a preferred flip-flopis
D-Type46. Bouncing of electronfrom one atom to another
Drift current47. Most dangerous short circuit
Dead short circuit48. What is computer on a chip?
Transputer49. Any charge given to the battery after taking of the vehicle
Bench charge50. Which of the following has body centered cubic crystalline structure? Chromium
51. Which of the following has hexagonal close pack crystalline structure?
Zinc52. The _____ is the volume of atom divided by the cell volume
Packing ratio53. The packing ratio of a face centered cube crystalline structure is
0.7454. The elements of transformer
Core, Primary winding, and Secondary winding55. The core is laminated to
To minimize the eddy current loss56. Solid grounding is use for voltage below
66O V57. Resistance grounding is use for voltage
3.3 kV 11 kV58. The gain of buffer amplifieris
Unity59. Set-up Transformer increases
Voltage
60. The antiparticle of antineutronis
Neutron61. Voltage drop for selenium conductoris
1 V62. A Dc to Dc Converterwith unregulated input and regulator output
Switch Mode Power Supply63. Universal Motorhas
High output kw/kg ratio64. Universal Motor is one that is
can be operate either ac or dc65. Heavisidebridge measure mutual inductance
66. Separationof chip
2-3 m67. Transformer operates on 20 kHz to 20 MHz
Carrier Frequency Transformer68. Range of CMMR
100 to 10,000 / 40-80 dB69. The particle that cant use for magnet
Carbon70. It can vary AC but not DC
Frequency71. A structure formed by atom covalent bond together
Crystal72. Controllerin vacuum tubes
Control Grid73. Bypass capacitorused in high frequency circuit
Ceramic74. The ___ has low output when both input are low
OR gate75. What is the turn-on voltage of LED?
1.6 V76.Air worksas well as dielectric mainly because has low loss
77. The ___ apply to a network with more than one source emf
Superposition Theorem78. The characteristic of mica capacitoris
small size79. What process is used in cold welding?
Pressure80. Thefirst name of transistor
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Point81. The value of disk capacitor
100 pf82. In voltage divider
the input resistance in the input side is low83. MOSFET ishigh impedancebecause
its gate is insulated from other device.84. Excitationis ___
energy needed for the electron orbit to increase85. Electrostatic field in a pn junctionthat hole and electron must overcome
barrier86. ___ keeping the oscillationin the circuit
Flywheel Effect87. ___ used for computing inductance with unknown conductance
Maxwell bridge88. ___ is neglected in measurement of short transmission line
Shunt Admittance89. Input signal in the control systemthat is not dependent on the output
system
Command Input90. ___ use in vacuum welding
Electron beam welding91. How many times does a sine wave reaches zero from the 1stpositive peak?
2 times92. Tank Circuitsare also called
Anti-resonant Circuits93. A logic operator thatproduces 0if only if the inputs are all high
NAND gate94. If you have infinite no. of resistor w/ 10 , 10 W specifications, what will
you combine in series-parallelin order to obtain a 100 , 100 W
connections?
4 x 495. The rectangular coordinatesrepresents? The value of the horizontal plane & vertical plane
96. Point Contact Diodeare commonly used on
RF Detectors97. In designing Pre-Amplifiers, it is important to consider ___
Insertion Loss98. It is a device used in 10-1000GHz frequency range?
IMPATT99. Negative Feedbackmain advantage
Reduced gain, Increase bandwidth, and reduced distortion100. Monolithic Packagingis usually in ___ ICs
Digital101. Logic gatesare for?
Logic decisions102. Op Ampshunt regulator differs from series regulator because?
Its control element is in series with the line resistance103. In Hall effect, the electric field is?
Normal to the current and magnetic field104. Thefaster logic family?
ECL (Emitter Couple Logic)105. Photo darlingtoncomprises of?
A phototransistor and a transistor106. Common emitter Configuration that is dependent of
Voltage Divider Bias107. A High Q-tuned circuit amplifieris one with
High selectivity108. Subroutinesis used large programming
To test the running time of the program109. A continuous programming of robot path
Walkthrough110. The internal impedance of an ideal op-amp High impedance
111. The output impedanceof an ideal op-amp
Very low impedance112. The input impedanceof an ideal op-amp
Very high impedance113. Which of the following described a common collector amplifier?
Voltage low gain114. Which element cannot produce magnet?
Carbon115. LEDis basically_____ Forward bias
116. LEDproduce light
when the electron return to its hole117. A cell rateis
ampere per hour118. Devices usually uses semiconductor
Solid State Devices119. A type of cellthat cannot be used until it dies
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Nickel Cadmium120. Why is solar cell used in satellite?
because it has unlimited battery life121. Diode use for high speed switching
Shockley Diode122. What motor characteristic is affectedby counter emf?
Speed123. What is the greater treat for diode?
Heat124. What amplifier has the highest degree of fidelity?
Class A125. Mechanical Computeris considered to what type?
Analog126. What is thepower source of synchrous?
AC127. How is EPROMerased?
With a burst of ultra violet rays128. What meter is used to measure insulation resistance?
Megger129. What is the greatest advantage of a VOM?
No external power is required130. What is the output of half wave rectifier? Half wave rectified signal
131. Transistor batterybest fits in___
Electronic Calculator132. Hexagonal closed packed crystalline___
Zinc133. In IC fabrication, the minimum distance between features
Geometry134. In power supply design, 15 VDCoutput 20 VAC inputs which are not
required?
UPS135. High sensitivitysubstance Permanent Magnet
136.Ferromagnetic Materials
Concentrates magnetic flux line within itself137. In RL plane, what is shown?
unique combination of resistive and inductive reactance.138. It increases inductance in the inductor
Ferromagnetic Core139. What are the advantages of metal oxide semiconductor?
Sensitive an can be damage electro statically140. A DC voltmeteris high sensitive and accurate in measuring
High resistance circuit141. A net electric chargein an isolated system remains constant
Law of Conservation of Charge142. A change of crystal frequencywhen L or C connected in parallel
0.1 %143. DC armature resistance
0.5 144. In context of corona, if the conductor is polished and smooth which
statement is true?
Corona glows uniformly along the length of conductor145. Maximum change of power that a normal human can hear
1 dB146. An error which cannot be correctthrough calibration or any method of
control which source is unknown
Random Error147. Minimum incrementmeasurable with certainty in instrument
Resolution148. Which of the following is not a sinusoidal wave generator?
Multivibrator149. Meter movementuses current induced in thermocouple by heating theresistive element.
Thermocouple MeterMovement
150. It is the movement of holes
Hole Current151. Refers to the mean timeof which the excess of electrons and holes exists
before they recombined and disappeared
excess carrier lifetime152. The process of adding impurities in pure semiconductor.
Doping153. Aperiodic waveformpossessing half symmetry has no. Even harmonics
154. In BJT, IB=100A and IC=10mA what is the range of beta?
1.01 to 10155. When two simple low pass filter having the same values of R and C in
cascaded the combined filters will have a roll offof
-40dB/decade
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190. Indicates the probability of occupancy of electron in an energy level by
an atom?
Fermilevel191. Maximum number of electrons is 18
M-shell192. It is the sudden but energetic changes from one steady state to another.
transition transient193. Carries an intrinsicat room temperature
both holes and electrons194. When charging lead acid cellthere is
Increase in volume195. This efficiency is always greater than 1?
(Ah/Wh) Ampere-hour / (W/hr) Watt-Hour196. The change or differential circuit on an SCR
false trigerring197. Current is uniformly distributedin the conductors cross-sectionif
resistance of the conductor is equal to the ohmic value198. Increase of reverse voltage of varicapor varactor diode causes its
capacitance
decreases199. Amplifier that generates voltage with time
voltage time-base generator200. Number of card read per minute in card reader
10,000201. Tapped coil
hartley202. Word sizeuse in largest computers
64203. It is where thefermilevel lies
forbidden band204. When IB current increase
IE and IC increases205. Components of microprocessor ALU and control unit
206. Instrument that measures temperature variationdue to change in
metallic resistance
bolometer207. Determines the inductance of a circuit
Maxwell-Wien bridge208. Composed ofJK, RS flip flop and an inverter
D flip-flop
209. Operates in depletion mode only
JFET210. The change in power levelwhen power output is double.
3 dB211. The effect of which the collectorbase junction exceeds in maximum
reverse bias voltage or active region, thus, breakdown occurs.
Punch through effect212. The independence of diode current due to temperature effect.
Voltage equivalent temperature213. Inexpensive and needs no adjustment
RC Coupling (audio low-level amplifier)214. Part of intrinsic semiconductor where the electrons are active.
conduction band215. 4 bits
1 nibble216. 1 byte
2 nibbles217. Sudden instantaneous change in input current from the steady state
conditions
step input218. Use to store most recently read data and frequently read data cache memory
219. Use to measure frequency and unknown capacitancewith great accuracy
Wien-bridge220. Due to change in neutronof an atom
Isotope221. The speed or velocity of an electron when electric field applied
drift velocity or drift speed222. To minimize the eddy current lossin an inductor.
core laminated223. Selenium arsenidetypical voltage
1 volt224.Ability of materialto produce magnetic line of flux and capable of
interacting other magnetic fields
magnetism225. Has the same rate and decay
triangular wave226. Examples of output devicesin a computer system
screen and printer227. Working envelopeof the robot manipulator
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range of the axis motion228. 99.9%of pure gold has conductivity
72.6%229. What is form by adding parallel inputs to the inverted amplifier?
Inverting summer amplifier or Inverting adder230. Wheatstone bridgeis used in measuring resistances in range?
1 to few M231. Magnetic amplifieris a power amplifier withfrequency response
normally limited to? 100 Hz or below
232. Coronaresults in?
Radio interference233. What is the advantagedoes a Bridge rectifier have over Center tapped
Fullwave rectifier?
Bridge rectifier produces twice the voltage at the same sizetransformer
234. The Half wave voltage doubledis made up of how many half wave
rectifiers?
2235. What capacitor is polarized?
Electrolytic236. Synchronous Capacitoris?
Over-excited synchronous motor running withoutmechanical load.
237. The packing factor of Face-centered cubic crystalline structure is?
0.74238. The development process by Monocrystalline structurecooling of a
molten mass substance is called?
Crystal growth239. What is the operating temperature of Class B motor?
130 C240. The Vector is a quantitythat has? Magnitude and Direction
241. If two perfect sine wave have the same frequency and the same
amplitude, but are in opposite phase, the composite wave?
Have zero amplitude, because the two sine waves canceleach other
24. What happened to the capacitor that has been connected across the
battery?
It becomes charged
243. The output is 0 if all the inputs are 0?
OR244. What is true about the step up transformer?
The output voltage is greater than input voltage245. Thermocouple
Becomes warm when current flows through it246. DC motor can be looked up as DC Generator when power flows
Reversed247. The Interactive Solar Power system
Allowed homeowner to sell power to the utility248. The voltage amplifier used in high voltage, high current applications. Thisis the most efficient amplifier
Switching amplifier249. Which is low efficiency rectifier?
Wide Band Rectifier250. DC loadlineof a transistor
has a negative slope251. The two input of an Op-amplifier
Inverting and non-inverting252. The SCR will conduct appreciable current
When anode and gate are both positive with respect tocathode253. Scale errorof an instrument is
Due to its scale mark not being place at the place254. Class A amplifieris used when
Minimum distortion desired255. In class A amplifier the worst case occurwhen
No signal applied256. The anthropomorphic arm robot is widely used in spray paintbecause
It is most maneuverable257. Thepin resistor usedin Industrial electron heating is in
hairpin form258. The apparatus/instrument made by Lawrence and Leavingstone Magnetic resonator
259. Count up to 9and reset to the next pulse
Decade counter260. The two transistor class B amplifierusually called _________amplifier.
Push-pull261. The advantage ofphotodiode
Used as variable resistor262.Advantages of non-servocontrolled robot
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high operating speed low cost high repeatability
263. Wein-bridge oscillatoris a
Stable sine wave audio generator264. When correctly bias,Zener diode has a
Constant voltage across to it265. The ripple factor of a power supplyis measured by
Filter efficiency266. The Ip/Iv ratio of a tunnel diode is important in
Computer applications267. The number of sub shellin n=4 is equal to
4268. In low pass filter, the cut off frequency reduced the output voltage to
____of the input voltage.
70.7 %269. What is the total collector current of Common Base?
IC = IE + IC
270. Transition Time
it identifies therise timeor thefall timeof the outputvoltage.
271. Eddy Current
is caused when a moving magnetic fieldintersects aconductor,or vice-versa
272. Shelf life of lithium cell
5-10 years273. Afilter which pass a range of frequencyand all others are rejected
Band pass Filter274. High voltage for transmitting power is economically availablein
AC current275. How high in terms of working voltage replacement in replacing a
capacitor at least 10-20% high
276. A typical Kelvins double bridgethat has the range of 2 10 has an
efficiency of
+/- 0.05 to +/- 0.2%277. Ideal noise factor of an amplifieris
0 dB278. What is the advantage of electromagnetic meterover apermanent
magnet meter?
the electromagnetic meter is rigid279. Theprocess of removing particle suspendedinto gas by a electrostatic
charge and subsequent precipitation
electrostatic precipitation280. Maximum and minimum scaleof a measuring device
range of span281. Inpc motor, mechanical output power is from
electrical input defect282. Thepoint defect resultinga missing atom in a lattice is
vacancy defect283. Protection of lightning stroke lightning arrester and ground wire
284. When everything held constant which of the ff does not affect the
inductance of the air core
Frequency285. The absolute limitof the component density in an IC technology is
determined by the
size of semi conductor286. If the ratio of the inductivereactance is decrease
the phase angle decreases287. If the operating temperature is 155Cthis is under motor classification of
Class F288. Main characteristic ofpot-coil inductoris
more inductive less in volume289. If the bias of the varactor diode
the capacitor 290. Class Aamplifier
is bias in which Vc can swing in equal distance in either sideof Q point
291. SCARA (Selective Compliant Assembly Robot Arm)is use for
assembly operation practically in the field of engineering292. The two opposing tort having equal amplitude when a pointer of a
measuring instrument finally goes at rest
deflecting tort and restoring tort293. Crystal oscillatorprovides
stable carrier wave for radio transmitter294. Afull-adder
adds two binary digits and carry previous addition295. An index registerof a digital computer is
used for address modification
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductor_(material)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_time -
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296. A servo-motor robot movesbetween _____ stops
soft297. After firing SCR, the gating current is removed, the SCR current is
still the same298. VTVM produces negligible loading effectbecause of its
high internal Resistance299. To avoid a high noise figurein an amplifier the volume control must have
low DC current300. A neighboring atom of a crystal lattice structurelike a Ge form a ___
bond covalent
301. A neighboring atom of a crystal lattice structure like a Ge form a ___
bond
solid state device302. A moving coil voltmeteris for
DC voltage only303. The output of Class Bamplifier is
positive half cycle only304. Capacitor that helps multivibrator to transfer from one state to another
instantaneously
commutator capacitor, step-up capacitor, transposecapacitor305. Positive and negative complex wavesis symmetrical
if it has an odd harmonics306. Maxwell L/Cis so called
balance because it has two opposite impedances in oppositearm
307. The ratio in which the circuit opposes oscillationis
damping ratio308. Inverse saturation current(Ico)
increases in every 10 C increase in temperature309. When apurely inductive coil is fed to a complex wave, the current has
less distortion310. The energy required to obtain electrons in the valence shell is
very less311. In any atom, thepotential energy of
an orbiting electron.
is always negative312. For sustaining oscillation, for a feedback
amplifier. The loop gainis
greater than one313. Essential feature of a non-servo
Controlled robot:
each axis moves only between hardware stops.314. When a discharge fluorescent lamp has to be used in dc supply, what
component needs to be connected in series with it?
Resistor315.When a large amount of analog signal is to be converted to digital
form, an analog multiplier is used. An A to D converter most suitable in
this case will be. successive approximation type
316. Consist of two interdependent circuitssuch that the output of each
controls the input of the other:
relaxation oscillator317. Moving coil voltmetermeasures
only DC voltages318. The capacitance of the capacitor is NOT influenceby:
plate thickness319. Produces a low output when one or both input is high :
NOR Gate320. 1ms can be converted to 10msusing:
Monoastable multivibrator321. OP AMP comparatorcircuits uses:
no feedback322. In any 3 digit voltmeter, the largest number that can be read is:
0999323. PIV is applied across a diodewhen it is:
reversed biased324. Heaviside-Campbell equal ratio bridgeis used to measure:
self-inductance in terms of mutual inductance325. Primary cause of linear distortionin an amplifier:
reactance associated in the circuit and the active amplifyingelement.
326. Reverse current in a silicon junctionnearly doubles every rise in
temperature.
6 degrees327. The voltage wave is applied across a pure capacitor, as compared to a
fundamental voltage, the reactance offered by the capacitor to the third
harmonic voltageis:
one-third
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328. The ratio of energy stored and returned either capacitor or inductor, to
the dissipated energy by the device resistance:
quality factor329. Process of adjustment of a scaleto agree with the accepted/ certified
constant:
calibration330. Any solid object has a maximum of degrees of freedom:
6331. An IC which is made up of spurting material in a ceramic substrate is
called: thin film IC
332. A scale of an indicating instrumentwhose each division represents the
same value is also known as:
linear scale333. An SCR semiconductoris made up of
2 P types and 1 N type334. Hays bridgeis particularly used to measure:
inductive impedances with large phase angle335. Devices used to reduce amplitude of a signal waveform:
attenuator336. Aproper biased NPN transistor, the electron in the emitter:
passes through base to collector337. The main reason why electrons tunnel through PN junction is that:
the depletion region is extremely thin338. The efficiency of a class A amplifiercan be increased by using:
transformer coupled load339. Produces the highest torque in DC motors:
Series340. Works best at high frequencies:
Ceramic341. Each impedance R+jXL
correspond to a unique point in the RL plane
correspond to a unique inductance reactance correspond to a unique resistance
342.Ability of an instrumentretains its performance throughout its specified
operating life and storage life:
Stability343.Volume of an atom divided by the cell volume:
Packing Factor344. By which method protection against direct lightning strokes and high
voltagessweep wave is provided:
lightning arrester and ground wires345. The induced emf in the armatureconductor in a dc motor is:
sinusoidal346. Major differencebetween the construction of lead acid and nicad
battery:
the cell in nicad battery can be replaced347. A buck-booster converterwith a 30kHz switching frequency is operating
with D=0.25. the connected load is 10. Determine the crirtical
frequency so that current IL is continous.
Lc = (1-D)2
RL2Fs
348. Unity follower amplifieris an input impedance, leading to
its use as an intermediate stage (buffer) amplifier to prevent small load
impedance from loading a source:
Extremely High349. Typical value of CMMR:
ranging from 100 to 10,000350.Typical value of CMMR in dB:
ranging from 40dB to 80Db351. Of the wire is the maximum current, it can safely carry.
Ampacity
352.____can keep the display for a longer timefor analysis purposes.
Storage oscilloscope353. With permeability tuning, moving the core further into solenoid coil,
increase the inductance354.The best type of coreif you need a winding inductance of 1-2 henrys:
ferromagnetic pot core355. For advanced chip, the distance between component is.
1 m356. Electrostaticmeter:
can detect ac voltages357. What is an electronic oscillator?
an amplifier with feedback358. The current in the solar panelcan be increased by:
connecting solar panel in parallel359. A diode that is designed to operate reversed voltage and is manufactured
to a process that increases voltage dependent depletion capacitance or
junction capacitance:
varactor diode
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360. In transistor consideration, analysis is based on the assumption
that for small changes, the variable interest is a linear function of the
other variableand thus the differential can be replaced by its increment.
stability factor or sensitivity361. The of a buck converter is define as the ratio of on time of
transistor Q to the switching period:
Duty cycle362. A variable reluctance stepper motoris constructed of
material with salient pole
ferromagnetic
363. A device that is clipped onto an in circuit, dual-in line package (DIP) logic
ICthat determines the state of each pin of the IC:
logic clip364. The electrode of an alkaline cell
Potassium hydroxide365.The simplest bridgethat is use to measure medium resistances:
Wheatstone Bridge366. An ammeter should have an ideal ohms:
Zero367.An ac bridgewhich measures mutual inductance:
Heaviside Bridge
368.Afour-arm ac bridgethat measure inductance against standard
capacitance:
Maxwell Bridge369. Equivalent circuit ofplus one diode and two resistor
UJT370. Comprise of systematic element of mechanical,electronics engineering,
computer studies and control theory.
Robotics371. A diode operating at 50 volt PIV and rectifying50 volt AC most likely to
break because
PIV is less compare to its input372. All or nothing in a relay operation,
the higher value picks up and lower value picks down373. Candela is SI unitfor
luminous intensity374. In robotics,prismatic is robot axes moves
at a straight line.375. ________cannot be attain its characteristics so connecting feedback is
needed.
Higher sacrifies factor
376. Positive feedback in an amplifier
Oscillator377. In serial communicationNRZImeans
non return to zero inverted378. In a motor two to three hours life is
lost when connected in a non factored load379. Introduced byIBM
Bytes380. It isprogramming of a control set of a computer
Microprogramming
381. At 95 MHz frequency,Air core inductorsis
often used382. ____is composed offundamental frequency of the harmonic
Square wave383. ____is network of inductor and capacitor
L network384. ____ in series with capacitor and parallel inductor, transform impedance
and is a high pass filter.
T network385. What is the difference between rheostat and potentiometer?
rheostat carries much higher current capacity
386. The easiest way of measuring amplitude in an oscilloscope
peak to peak voltage387. Op Amps high gain, differential amplifier hose characteristic is
determined
by external elements388. LED and Phototransistor
Opto-isolator389. Often used as voltage reference source
Weston cell390. ELI:
voltage leads current 90 electrical degrees391. An LC oscillator having 2XCand 1 XL
Colpitts392. A negative-resistance microwave diode having a thin slice of
semiconductor material sandwiched between 2 metal conductors is called
______.
PIN diode393. Negative Feedback reduces distortion in an amplifier only when:
It is generated within the amplifier
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430. A dual trace CRO has
1 electron gun and 1 two-pole switch431. Gold is used in doping a semiconductor material to
reduce storage time432. What element is not suited for doping an intrinsic to be converted into
an N Type extrinsic semiconductor?
Iridium433. JFET operates in
depletion mode only434. The trickle charge of storage battery
keeps the battery fresh and fully charged435. Consider the energy gap diagram of an intrinsic semiconductor. FERMI
lies on the ______.
Forbidden gap436. The operation of Q-meter is based on _______.
series resonance437. The temperature coefficient of an extrinsic semiconductor is _______
Negative438. A 32 bit, Computer on a chip is also known as ___
Transputer439. In a low pass filter, the cut-off frequency is represented by a point where
the output voltage is reduced to _____% of the input voltage.
70.7%440. In higher forward voltages, a junction diode is likely to ______.
burn out441. Why does silicon require higher energy level compared to Ge?
Because its valence electrons are more tightly bonded tothe parent nuclei
442. Why is biasing important to BJTs?
to have a fixed current amplification level443. What does thermometer resistor measure?
Temperature444. If the loop gain of the oscillating doesnt obey Barkhevun(ano daw to?)
principle (loop gain = 1), what will happen?
Stop oscillating445. If the MOSFET operates higher than the pinch off voltage, what happens
to the drain current?
the drain current is constant446. What do you need in order to get the product of two binary?
Adder,subtractor and shift register
447. Databus refers to
data lines in the system bus448. Transputer is a
32 bit device449. The measure of consistency or repeatability
Precision450. The unit of absolute permittivity
Farad/meter (farad per meter)451The main feature of common emitter
signal phase reversal452. The main advantage of swinburnes?
economical and convenient453. A device with two plate and between them is an insulator
Capacitor454. A device that converts sinewave to series of pulses through the
application of comparator circuits
Timing marker generator455. A filter that rejects a band of signals/frequencies and pass the rest
Bandstop filter456. The ratio of fractional difference of amplification with feedback to thefractional difference of amplification without feedback
sensitivity of transfer gain457. Why monolithic ICs are more used than Film ICs?
because of its linear property458. Why is bleeder resistor used in biasing DC circuits?
to improve regulation and filtration459. What must be added to improve its linearity of the bootstrap and time-
base miller?
a compensating network460. What must be the reason why amplifier with feedback changes with
increasing frequency? because of capacitive elements
461. In hall effect, the electric field is
in normal with magnetic field and current462. Logic circuits are for
logic decision463. Photo darlington is composed of
a phototransistor and transistor464. Op amp shunt regulator differ from a series regulator because
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the line resistor is in series with the control element465. The trickle charging of battery
keep it fresh and fully charged466. Q-meter is based on the theory of
series resonance467. Metallization means
interconnection of conductors and bond gaps468. For amplifiers, if 3dB below resonance is lowered, 3dB upper resonance
is raised, what happens to BW?
Increased469. Maxwell L/C bridge is so called because of
balance of two opposite impedance in opposite arms470. Battery buffer
decreases variation of voltage and current supplied bydc generators
471. SCS acts ON state by
pulsating pulse in its cathode gate472. Access of identity register in a digital computer uses
address modification473. In N channel MOSFET, the value of gate voltage is
high positive474. An XOR produce only output when 2inputs are
Different475. In Op amp, when the input resistance is infinite, input current is
Infinity476. In a transient, pure resistive circuit
have no stored energy477. Output impedence, ho, ideal and CB connected has
0 siemens478. In an RL filter, Ripple factor
remains constant with load current479. Decibel measures
power level480. In an RL low pass filter, -12dB/octave is equal to
-40dB/decade481. Phototransistor excel photodiode by
greater sensitivity, high current capacity482. In a circuit, zener diode is always
reversed bias483. Square law devices
JFET
484. If a semiconductor is doped with a small amount of boron, number of
holes and electrons will
decrease(electrons) and increase(holes)485. In octal, grouping bits are by
3s486. Permeameter is
an instrument used to determine the characteristic of aferromagnet
487. Volatile memory is
semiconductor ROM488. Oscillator oscillates on
positive feedback489. Hexadecimal is
a number system that use number and letter symbols490. MOSFET differ in JFET in
P-N junction491. Before illuminating PN junction, the photodiode is
reversed bias492. In silicon (atomic no. = 14), outermost orbit is
half filled493. Sulphation in lead acid battery is due to
incomplete charging494. General purpose diode suffer avalanche breakdown rather than zener
diode because of
dissipated maximum power495. Active materials in nickel iron battery are:
Nickel hydrogen, powdered iron & oxides and21%solution of caustic potash
496. Double energy transients consists of
reactance, inductance and capacitance497. Advantage of compiler over interpreter in computer is
can store and retrieve as often as required498. Emitter is _____ compared to collector
heavily doped499. In CE, if emitter bypass capacitor is removed, ______ will be reduced
Voltage gain500. Inverter circuit employed the conversion of
DC voltage to AC voltage501. If fuse requires a higher current in the circuit, the load will
seriously overload502. Discharge of electricity from a conductor with higher potential
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Corona503. Floating point consists of
a base, exponent and mantisa504. Any voltage applied across the PN junction is
Bias voltage505. The main use of class C amplifier is
As RF amplifier506. The main advantage of CMOS logic family over the TTL family is
much reduced power507. In excess-3 code, each coded number is
three larger than the BCD code508. During charging and discharging of nickel-iron cell
water is neither formed nor adsorbed509. The emitter of a transistor is generally doped the heaviest because
it has to dissipate maximum power510. The unique features of common collector amplifier is that it
levels up the input impedance, does not increase thevoltage gain, and acts as an impedance matching device.
511. The major component of MOS IC is
MOSFET512. The detection sensitivity of CRT depends inversely on
the distance between the Y plates513. Silicon is preferred in zener manufacturing because
it has high temperature and current capacity514. Trickle charging of storage battery helps to
keep it fresh and fully charged515.It is the decrease in voltage gain with frequency
Roll off516. The maximum number of electrons in a valence shell that an atom can
have is
8517. 1 KWH of energy is equal to
860 Kcal518. The transient current in a loss-free LC circuit excited from an AC source
undamped waveform519. The input impedance, h11of a network with output shorted is given by
the rati
V1/i1
520. The function of a rectifier filter is
to remove the ripple of the rectified output
521. The modified miller circuit which requires only pulse signal to get ramp
waveform
phantastron circuit522. The breakdown voltage increases as the temperature increases of the
avalanche breakdown. The avalanche breakdown has
positive temperature coefficient523. When the common emitter transient is cut-off
the maximum voltage appears across the collector524. The static V/I characteristic of junction diode is defined by
Boltzmann diode equation525. Photoconductive cell is also known as
phototransistor cell or photoresistor cell526. ICs that are based on discrete changes of values in circuit operation
Digital ICs527. The problem of coordinating different asynchronous devices in a
computer can be overcome by the technique called
Handshake528. Generates non-sinusoidal waveform
Multivibrators529. An SCS has
1 anode, 1 cathode and 2 gate terminals530. ICs which are made by silk-screening components onto an aluminum
substrate is _____ ICs
thick layer531. The Nimak Gantry robot has a
good positional precision532. Thermal neutrons are also called
slow neutrons533. The gain of darlington amplifier pair is produced by _______ its beta
Multiplying534. A transistor is operated as a non-saturated switch to eliminate
storage time
535. Boolean algebra is essentially based on
logic536. When used in circuit, zener diode is always
reversed bias537. In an AC amplifier, larger internal resistance in an ac source signal
small circuit voltage gain538. Transients that is produced due to sudden but energetic changes from
one steady state to another is ______ transients
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Transition539. Solar cells are used in earth satellites because
very high efficiency and unlimited life540. IC manufacturing foundation is based on
Wafer541. Maxwell-Wien bridge measures
Inductance542. D flip-flop is composed of
J-K flip flop
Inverter &RS flip flop
543. At room temperature, current carrier of intrinsic semiconductors is
electrons and holes544. Anderson bridge is a modification of
wien-bridge oscillator545. JFETs operate in
depletion mode only546. An instrument that measures variation in temperature by changing
metallic resistance
Bolometer547. CE is always
180 phase reversal548. GaAs emits
in the infrared region549. Phototransistors are the same as conventional transistors except that
Phototransistor uses light to switch on the transistor550. The dv/dt effect on SCRs cause
false triggering551. If the power output in an amplifier is doubled, the increase in energy
level is
3dB552. The ratio of Ah efficiency over wH efficiency is
always greater than 1m553. There is no transient in
purely resistive circuits554. An oscillator circuit that uses tapped coil in tuned circuit is
Hartley555. Transformer that operates @ 100Hz to 150 Khz
Converter transformer556. Meter that has own power source
Ohmmeter
557. Opposes the creation of magnetic flux
Reluctance558. Has less reactance than wire wound
Metal Film Resistor559. The reciprocal of atomic number unit in grams
Avogadros Number560. Representation of the rate of change
Derivative of sinewave561. When two waves have the same frequency, same amplitude but
opposite in phase, the composite wave is Zero
562. How will you make an N-type semiconductor material
Add a donor impurity563. Design the first fuel battery in 1959
F.T Bacon564. Another term for differential amplifier
Subtractor565. Sending voltage is less than the receiving voltage is known as
Ferrenti Effect566. Used to connect a circuit conductor or other device to an earth plate
Ground Wire567. Current flow to the collector
95%568. Camera for imaging positron emitters using multiple layer of silicon
detectors
Compton Camera569. One main advantage of Swinburnes test
Economical and Convenient570. Original diameter of silicon wafer before processing
3-8 inches571. Detect the resistance temperature of semiconductor on metal oxide
Thermistor572. Particles when atoms join together to form compound
Molecule573. A time takes a robot to move from one location to the next location
Cycle Time574. _______ contains BIOS to read in when computer is 1ststarted
OS Memory575. Camera tube with minimum lag
Plumbicon576. A logic gate that is used ass odd parity checker
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XOR577. A 99.5% pure aluminum has _____% conductivity
63578. Memory is another name for
Primary Storage579. Best application of wire wound resistor
High power dc circuit580. What is/are common to both fullwave and bridge type rectifiers
Vdc
Ripple Factor Percentage Ripple Frequency
581. An interaction phenomenon occur to both matter and wave
Quantum theory582. Three-phase ac
has three waves, both of the same amplitude583. Defines the work envelope of the robot manipulator
Range of the axis motion584. A ________ applies to a circuit with more than one emf source
Superposition theorem585. What signal produces resistance in a capacitor?
low frequency signal586. What is the ratio of the ou tput signal power compared to the total input
power of an amplifier?
Efficiency587. A device that converts electrical energy to mechanical motion
Solenoid588. A device that reduce the amplitude of the unwanted frequencies below
the level of the desired output frequency
Attenuator589. Advantage of electrostatic meter
It can measure ac voltages590. DC motor with high torque
Series Motor591. Oscilloscope that display longer time for analysis purposes
Storage Oscilloscope592. For advanced chip, the distance of each component is
1m593. Standard chip has distances between components of
2m to 3 m
594. Used as voltage reference on voltage regulators
zener diode595. Impedances in R + jXL
corresponds to unique reactance inductance corresponds to unique resistance
596. Parts of a transformer
Core, primary, secondary597. Cache memory
memory used in last register file and to be retrieved fasterdata598. Output of lead-acid battery
2.1 V600. Bleeder resistor
connected in parallel with the capacitor601. Thevenins voltage.
Can be represented by a single resistor connected in serieswith a voltage
602. Short circuit test
made in the secondary of the transformer603. Disadvantage of IC over discrete components.
low gain604. Conductivity of pure silver
108.8605. Most ICs are
Monolithic606. Half wave voltage doublers
2 rectifiers607. Lowest ripple voltage output
LC filter608. Wien Bridge
high frequency/inductance609. Wheatstone Bridge
resistance610. The meter sensitivity control of the test equipment would probably be
Linear taper potentiometer611. Which of the following is equal to 1.66 x 10-27kg?
Unified atomic mass unit (AMU)612. If the hole is considered to be +1 unit, then:
the electron is considered to be -1 unit613. What transformer is operated at 20 Khz 20 Mhz
carrier frequency transformer
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614. The derivative of a sinewave
represents the rate of change615. The force that has not been magnetized between a metal and a
ferromagnetic material
is never repulsive616. Frequency of sinewave in hertz is:
1 divided by the period in seconds617. The camera for imaging positron emitters using multilayer silicon
detectors is called:
Compton camera618. Selenium is best suited for which application?
photocells619. ____ contains BIOS that is read in once the computer is first started
OS memory620. If two waves of the same frequency and the same phase would have a
composite wave that has a:
Magnitude equal to the sum of the two originals621. The contact between the metals and heavily doped semiconductors is
called
ohmic contact622. The main disadvantage of HOPKINSONs TEST for finding efficiency ofshunt dc motors is that:
It requires two identical shunt machines623. The simplest tube capable of amplification
Triode624. The charging current in the cable
leads the voltage by 90625. The approximate atomic weight of an element contains:
The number of protons plus the number of electrons626. The IC advantage that translates into less downtime
reliability627. It indicates the ability to reproduce the input variation
Fidelity628. The maximum number of electrons in the P layer of the atomic structure
72629. The graph between the amplitude ratio and the logarithm of the input
signal frequency
BODE Plot630. System which contains microprocessor, memory and input/output
interfacing
microcontroller631. The requirement for a DC armature winding is that
It must be a closed one632. The silicon solar cell is usually
A photovoltaic cell633. Lantern Batteries are best used in
2 way portable radios634. Transistor batteries are best used in
Electronic calculators635. Lithium batteries are best used in
microcomputer memory back up636. Strongest dielectric is
glass637. Solid grounding is adopted in voltages lower than
660 V638. Resistor grounding is used in voltages ranging from
3.3 kV to 11 kV639. A stand-alone device which includes microprocessor, memory and in/out
interface
microcontroller640. One characteristic of a single phase motor is
it is not self starting641. Current can be increased in solar panels by
connecting the solar cells in parallel642. Earthing is necessary for protection against
electric shock643. A basic rectifier that contain one diode only is
half-wave rectifier645. An oscilloscope that keeps the display for a longer period of time for
analysis purposes is the
storage oscilloscope646. About 1/5 of the range of wi-fi that can connect printers to PCs,earphones to phones and phone to phone is called
Bluetooth647. The first fuel cell batteries was designed by _______ in 1959
F.T Bacon648. What parameter changes when the height of a transmission tower is
increased?
Capacitance649. The electrode of an Alkaline Battery is
Potassium Hydroxide
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650. produces non-sinusoidal waveform
Multivibrator651. It produces rectangular waveform
Gating Circuit652. Improvement of Wien-Miller Bridge; measure inductance in terms of
resistance and capacitance
Anderson Bridge653. determining inteript priority; distinguished priority on PC
Daisy Chaining654. harmonic generator Step Recovery Diode655.occurs during incomplete charging
Sulphation656. measure self-inductance with mutual inductance
Heaviside-Campbell Bridge Circuit657.improvement of Miller Bridge
Phantastron658. measures capacitance with two air capacitance
De Sauty659. converts step to ramp waveform
Miller Circuit660.measure inductance with large phase angle
Hay Bridge661.increase propagation delay
Monostable662.from dc to ac signal
Inverter663.oscillator with no stable state
Astable664.uses positive feedback
Oscillator665.measures temperature with reference to different resistance
Bolometer666.measures current and voltage waveform
Ondograph667. measures speed using flickering light
Stroboscope668. computer on a chip;parallel processing; 32 bits
Transputer669.refreshed battery
Trickle Chraging
670. car battery charging
Bench Charging671.charge or stand by
floating Battery672.mantissa, base and exponent
Floating Point673.to increase from 10% to 90%
Rise Time674.most dangerous type of short circuit
Dead Short Circuit675.use to measure frequency & capacitance
Wien Bridge676.provides constant current and constant voltage with a given res istance
Bootstrap Circuit677.projectile of electron
Electron Ballistic678.smallest parameter
ho
679.measured in short circuit by v1/i1
h11
680. used for 10-100 Ghz IMPATT681.in SCR causes false triggering
dv/dt682.in SCR causes local hot spots
di/dt683. size of a transistors base
0.51 micron684.base narrowing
Early Effect685. uses ceramic as substrate
Thin Film686.uses alumina as substrate
Thick Film687. 1 process
Monolithic IC688. probability of occurrence in outermost shell; forbidden band
Fermi689.energy distribution to the electrons of crystal at constant temperature
FermiDirac690.shaping of waveform using linear elements
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Linear Wave Shaping691.unit for luminous intensity
Candela693.contains odd harmonics; symmetrical
Half Wave694.hot carrier diode; fast switching; no depletion region
Schottky695.uses for painting; maneuverable
Gantry Robot696.examples: Carbon, Semiconductors, thermistor Negative Temperature Coefficient697. power factor ranges from 0 to 1
RC Circuit698. doubles every 10 degrees Celsius
Transistor699. microprocessor
Ted Hoff700. doubles every 6 degrees Celsius
Resistors701. inversely proportional to oscillator frequency; inversely proportional to
reverse voltage
Varactor Capacitance702.for SET 0, CLEAR 0
NAND Gate703.for SET 1, CLEAR 1
NOR Gate704.series switch
AND Gate705.first to develop IC
JS Kilby706.consist of ALU and CU
Microprocessor or CPU707. consist of JK, RS and inverter; counts from 0-9 then resets
D Counter708.high impedance
Darlington709.anode, cathode & 2 gate terminal
SCS710. anode, cathode and gate terminal ; 3 diode
SCR711.has impedance of 4 ; 100 ohms
Speaker712.Ni-Ca: greater Rin ; Lead Acid: greater efficiency
Battery713. uses the word size of 64 bit
Largest Computer714.adds 2 binary bit and a carry
Full adder715.adds 2 binary digit and produces sum and carry; consist on AND and XOR
gate
Half adder716.consist of 2 interdependent circuits in which the first controls the output
of the second
Relaxation Oscillator717.made of 2 flip flop connected in series
Mater Slave Flip Flop718.information controlling in input output port
Handshake719. input gate current negligibly small ; similar property with thermionic
bulb
FET720.voltage gain cannot exceed unity
Common Collector721.current flows all the time
Class A amplifier722. increases efficiency; for impedance matching
Transformer Coupled Load723.Class A: 50% Class B: 78.5%
Class C: 85%
Amplifier Efficiency724.most maneuverable
Anthropomorphic725.continuous path robot
Walk Through726.fastest ;smallest propagation delay
TTL727. saturated logic
I2L728.best electronic device for switching
MOSFET729. same construction with SCR but no gate terminal
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LASCR730.differs from MOSFET because it has no PN Junction
D-MOSFET731. acts as a diode and 2 resistor
UJT732.when not satisfied, the circuit will stop oscillating
Barkhausen Criterion733. Produces because of R L and C
Double Energy Transient734 units: Coulomb per meter square
Electric Flux Density735. Unit: Weber
Magnetic Flux736 .saturation voltage of an Op-Amp is usually 2V smaller than power supply
voltage
Saturation voltage of Op-Amp737. operates at 130 degrees Celsius
Class B motor738. operates at 150 degrees Celsius
Class F motor739. Conductivities:
Silver: 108.8% Pure Gold: 72.5% 99.5% Aluminum: 63%
740. Absorption of slow moving electrons by intervening matter
Ramsauer Effect741. FET Configuration
Common Gate:high frequency
Common Drain:buffer application
Common Source:voltage amplifier
742.an ac bridge used for determining unknown capacitance
Schering Bridge743.use for frequency measurement but commonly used for determining
unknown capacitance with great accuracy
Wien Bridge744.name for the very first transistor
Point Contact745. meter w/c requires its own power source
Ohmmeter746. Transistor battery best fits in
Electronic Calculator747. Hexagonal closed packed crystalline
Zinc757. In IC fabrication, the minimum distance between features
Geometry758. In power supply design, 15 Vdc output 20 Vac input which is not
required?
UPS
759. High sensitivity substance
PERMANENT MAGNET760. Concentrates magnetic flux line within itself
FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS761. In RL plane, what is shown?
unique combination of resistive and inductive reactance.762. It increases inductance in the inductor
FERROMAGNETIC CORE.763. What are the advantages of metal oxide semicon
SENSITIVE AND CAN BE DAMAGE ELECTROSTATICALLY764. Op-amp
VOLTAGE REGULATOR, USE AS COMPARATOR765. A DC voltmeter is high sensitive and accurate in measuring
HIGH RESISTANCE CIRCUIT766. A net electric charge in an isolated system remains constant
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF CHARGE767. A change of crystal frequency when L or/& C connected in parallel
0.1%768. Cell often used in emergency system
SILVER OXIDE769. DC armature resistance
0.5 ohms770. The speed of Universal Motor is
DEPENDENT OF FREQUENCY OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE771. In context of corona, if the conductor is polished and smooth which
statement is true?
CORONA GLOWS UNIFORMLY ALONG THE LENGTH OFCONDUCTOR
772. Maximum change of power that a normal human can hear
1dB
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773. An error which cannot be correct through calibration or any method of
control which source is unknown
RANDOM ERROR774. Minimum increment measurable with certainty in instrument
RESOLUTION775. Which of the following is not a sinusoidal wave generator
MULTIVIBRATOR?776. Meter movement uses current induced in thermocouple by heating the
resistive element
THERMOCOUPLE METER MOVEMENT777. It is the movement of electron
HOLE CURRENT778. In switching devices, gold doping is used to
reduce storage time779. Emitter connected to base of the 2ndtransistor----
Darlington780. Non triggered oscilloscope one which has----
continuous time base generator781. Optical couplers designed to _______ one circuit from another---
isolate782. Amplifier is said to suffer from distortion when its output
different from the input783. Zener diode shunt voltage regulator, diodes continues to regulate in the
_____condition----
reverse784. In the depletion region of the PN junction----
increases the width in reverse bias785. AND gate ---
series switching circuit786. Invented the 1stIC chip----
J.S. Kilby787. Improper biasing of the transistor leads to----
distortion of the output signal788. Any charge given in a battery which is taken from vehicle is called----
Bench charge.789. Non-sinusoidal oscillator---
multivibrator790. ______ bridge measure unknown inductance in terms of known
resistance and capacitance.----
Anderson
791. A deviation movement in measuring instrument from zero value ----
zero drift792. Electron hole pairs produce by-
Thermal energy793. Minimum reverse voltage over maximum reverse voltage.----
Tuning ratio/ Capacitance ratio794. Sediments form in the bottom of a lead acid battery----
Antimony lead acid795. PF. Of RC network---
between o and 1796. Class A amplifier conducts 360 deg. because Q is in ____-----
centered load line797. BJT is cut-off----
Vce=Vcc798. Study of trajectories of projectiles of electron with impluence by electric
and magnetic field----
Electron Ballistic799. In RC resonator, if C is doubled what happen to critical frequency----
Halved800. Any non-sinusoidal wave change the shape by passing the signal through
a device composed of linear element----
linear wave shaping801. In American Welding Society (AWS) welding electrode designation 1/8
E6011, what does E stand for?
Arc Welding Electrode802. Voltage produce by light.
Photoelectric voltage803. Calculation of end effector position, orientation, velocity and
acceleration when the joint values are known
Direct kinematics804. How many commutators are required in a two coil generator
4805. In P type materials, electrons are _______.
Minority carrier806. Portion of the jointed arm which is connected to the shoulder.
Upper arm807. What takes place when the armature current of the armature becomes
an electromagnet?
Armature reaction808. Maintains the highest ratio of robot worker to human worker
Japan
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809. _____ welding means the use of inert gas.
MIG (Metal Inert Gas)810. For animated graphics involving fast moving, you should ideally use
_______.
Noninterlaced monitor811. Floating charge is sometimes called _______ and is accomplished with
low current.
Trickle charge812. Back to forward resistance ratio of a good quality diode
10 to 1 ratio813. What digital IC is least susceptible to noise?
Transistor-transistor logic814. What is the group of joining processes which produces coalescence of
material by heating them to a suitable temperature?
Soldering815. If the load impedance of an oscillator is to high,
Its not a cause forworry; it cant be too high.816. Structure of robot is usually mostly mechanical and is called _______.
Kinematic chain817. Energy level that produces close proximity of atoms is a solid.
Energy band818. Advantage of complier over interpreter in a computer.
An object can be stored and reused as often as required819. refers to the mean time o which the excess o electrons and holes exists
before they recombined and disappeared
excess carrier lifetime820. a periodic waveform possessing a half symmetry has no.
even harmonics821. in BJT, Ib=100A and Ic=10mA what is the range of beta?
to 10822. when two simple low pass filter having the same values of R and C in
cascaded the combined filters will have a roll off of
-40dB/decade823. the input impulses gets converted to spike o the alternating polarities
using a high pass RL circuit with small time constant.
: peaking824. a circuit used to generate a rectangular waveform and hence used to
gate to other circuit.
: gating circuit
825. the circuit is tuned by changing the voltage applied at resonance
frequency.
electrical tuning non sinusoidal826. waveform are made up of
different sinusoidal waveform827. the most useful AC bridge for comparing capacitances of two air
capacitors.
: de sauty bridge828. what principle is used in cathode ray tube to deflect an electron beam
: magnetic delection system for current working NPN BJT,the different electrode should have the following polarities
with respect to emitter.
829. for current working NPN BJT, the different electrode should have the
following polarities with respect to emitter.
: collector + ve, base + ve830. the PIV is applied across the diode when it is
: reverse biasthe word robot coined by
: Karel Capeksemiconductor device that behaves two SCR
: triac4 bit data word
nibbletransistor amplifier with 85% efficiency is most likely
classca notching relay
: switches in response to specific number of impulsesreceived
Johnson noise in an amplifier is a noise due to
: the act that electrons in resistor is carry slightly differentamounts of energy
special featured of I2L
: bipolar saturated logicoscillator that has the best frequency stability
: crystalthe SI unit of illuminance at a point of a surface
: luxBy degrees of freedom is meant to the number of __________ directions
which the end effector of a robot can be move.
: independent
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Testing the blown cartridge fuse by connecting a test lamp from one clop to
other suspected fuse is always indicate a:
: blown fuse if lamp lights up.Half adder can be constructed by
: one XOR and one OR and their inputs connected in parallelJunction breakdown occurs when
under reverse biasThe main job of a voltage regulation provide a nearly __________ output
voltage
constantCapacitor is made up of
: two conductor separated by an insulatorA diode used as an voltage regulator
zener diodeAn amplifier suffer from distortion when the output is
different from the inputastable multivibrator
is an oscillatorWhat is the primary use of a megger
: measure high resistance
What is a universal motor
can be operated either ac or dc supplyThe least effect of corona
: atmospheric temperatureThe change of direction of a needle in a compass, when current carrying wire
is bought near
: electromagnetic deflectionLantern battery
usually seen on a 2 way portable radioCenter-body crystalline cube
chromiumIn a vector diagram, progression of time usually depicts on
rotational counter clockwiseminimum nos. of diode in a basic half-bridge amplifier-
oneDetermining the best pole:
specification of system performance practical considerations
DC motors is most affected by
copper loss
In small induction =
energy is stored & released quicklyProcess w/c is not included in monolithic IC fabrication-
Die CastingChange in magnetic field-
Produces fluctuation in electric fieldReason why high range is use when voltmeter is connected in a circuit
to prevent excess current through meter movementPower loss due to corona is not proportional to space---
between conductorsOutstanding features of universal motor:
Highest output of kW/kg ratioWhat gives OP amps immunity to noise immunity to noise:
HysterisesJFET references point JFET
SourceIt helps in energy conversion
counter emfrobotic arm w/c allows the robot to move, yaw,pitch and roll
manipulatorit compose of passive components such as resistor and capacitor
Film ICplace where the cathode in dry cell found
zinc containergain of buffer amplifier
unityconductivity of semicon when there is light
increasingfault connection
faulty wiring connectionsall odd harmonics
square waveA transistor that operates on a Non saturated switch eliminate
Storage Time.The time required for Ic to reach 90% of its maximum level from 10 % level is
Rise Time.DE MOSFET differs from JFET
generally because It has no PN Jnunction.CMOS circuits are extensively in onchip computers because of its
extremely large packing density.
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Nickel Iron Battery has active elements of
Nickel Hydroxide; powdered Iron with its oxides; 21% solution ofcaustic potash.
A Transformer coupled Amplifier would give
Impedance Matching.When an emitter bypass capacitor in a CE amplifier is removed its
voltage gain is considerably reduced.A circuit that uses an integrator to convert a step wave to a ramp wave form
is a
Miller Circuit.A phototransistor is more like a conventional transistor except that in there
case
it uses light energy to switch it on.Before illuminating a PN Junction Photo Diode
it has to be reversed biased.When an IC is formed by depositing the required devices of passive elements
like resistors, capacitors and is interconnected on an insulated substrate
it is a Film ICThe emitter of a transistor is generally doped the heaviest
because it has to dissipate maximum power.The difference between a J-K flip flop from a S-C flip flop is its
Toggle Condition.When a PN Junction is produced, the diffusion current would cause a
Barrier Potential.In the Operation enhancement only Nchannel MOSFET,
the value of its gate voltage is highly positive.Silicon is Z = 14, its outer sub shell
is halffilled.OS Memory
contains the bios that is read in when the computer is first started.
Cycle time
is the time it takes for a robot to move from 1 location to anotherlocation.
The diameter of the original silicon wafer before processing is
38 inches.A main advantage of the swinburnes test is that
it is economical and convenient.How much current in a transistor that will flow through the collector?
95%
The derivative of sine wave
is a representation of the rate of change.Reluctance
is the property of a material that opposes the creation of themagnetic flux
What type of meter requires its own power source?
OhmmeterA transformer that normally operates at 100 150Khz is a
Converter Transformer.A camera for imaging positron emitters using multilayers of silicon detectors
is a
Compton Camera.What is done when you make a Ntype semiconductor material?
Adding of donor impurities.Interactions whether desired or undesired in between parts of a control
system, can result in a
multiple loop control system.If two waves have the same frequency, the same amplitude but opposite in
phase,
the composite wave is zero. A metal film resistor has
less reluctance than a wire wound type. The atomic mass unit in grams is the reciprocal of the
Avogadros number.Ground wire is used to
connect a circuit conductor or other devices in an earth plate.Ferranti Effect
when the load in the receiving end of a long transmission line isremoved, the sending end voltage is less than the receiving end
voltage
F.T. Bacon -
designed 1stfuel battery in 1959Critical Resistance
value of resistance w/c reduces the square root term to zero w/cgives a real, equal and negative roots.
Offset Voltage
potential between amplifier input terminals of op-amp in closedloop condition.
Molecule
atoms of elements join together to form a compound.
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Thermistor
detects change in resistance w/ temp.Diffusion Length
ave. distance covered by an excess charged carrier whilediffusion during lifetime.
Differential Amplifier
SubtractorSpeed of Response
rapidity w/ w/c the system responds to a change in quantityto be measured.
What is the difference between actual rotor speed and the synchronous
speed in induction motor?
SlipWhat type of rotor winding in which heavy conductors are imbedded in the
rotor body?
Squirrel-cage windingIt is frequently used in digital frequency counter
LEDWhich of the following has the lowest forward voltage?
GermaniumHigh temperature metals such as columbium can be easily welded by
_______ welding.
BeamThe power transfer efficiency from source to load ________ as load
resistance increases
increasesUsed in measuring unknown inductance
Inductance BridgeProduce coalescence metal when heated electrode is consumable and with
weld pool. Uses in welding Aluminum
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)Produce Coalescence metal, when arc is place between stub metal.
Stub Arc WeldingThis method of monolithic IC production, elements do not penetrate the
substrate.
EpitaxialUsed in measuring unknown capacitance.
Capacitance BridgeElectrodes are identified using _________ numbering system and their sizes
of electrodes are from 1/16 to 5/16
American Welding SocietyThe horizontal dimension displayed by the oscilloscope
Time per Unit DivisionIn charging, the charging process that measures the battery voltage instead of
current charge.
Floating CurrentAn amplifier in which the transistor is in its active reg ion for less than half the
signal cycle
Class C amplifierWhat is the advantage of full wave bridge type transformer?
It uses full secondary windingsMIG welding is becoming popular in the welding industry because
Easy operationAn electrode similar characteristic as E6010 but it uses AC and DC currents
E6011PN junction at reverse bias, capacitance does not depend on this
frequencyWeld electrodes conduct the electric current to the two pieces of metal as
they are forged together
Resistance WeldPerson study robots
RoboticistDuring Arc welding, the current is in the range of
50-400AUsed in synchro system containing either differential transmitter or control
transformers reduces the stator current and increases the accuracy of the
system.
Synchro CapacitorAn arc is formed between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and metal
being weld
TIG weldingWorking from a product design likely to exist in a CAD data base, it compasses
the computer technologies that physically produce the product including
parts-program preparation, process planning, tool design, process analysis,
and parts processing by numerical controlled machines
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)The detection by robot through contact of touch, force, pattern, slip, and
movement allows determination of local shape, orientation and feedback
forces of a grasped workpiece.
Tactile SensingThe degree of which a process has been made automatic.
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Level of AutomationConductivities
Silver: 108.8% Gold: 72.5% Aluminum: 63%
Absorption of slow moving electrons by intervening matter
Ramsauer EffectAn ac bridge used for determining unknown capacitance
Schering BridgeUse for frequency measurement but commonly used for determining
unknown capacitance with great accuracy
Wien BridgeName for the very first transistor
Point ContactA meter w/c requires its own power source
OhmmeterServes as a cathode for dry cells
Zinc Container
SMPS
Switch Mode Power Supply dc to dc converter with regulated output 10 40 kHz
Commonly found in an interruptible power supply
Lead Acid BatteryLantern Battery
found in two way portable radioTransistor Battery
used in electronic calculatorLithium Battery
for microcomputer backupinput impedance of ideal op-amp
50 ohmssurge resistance for cables
50 ohmsMaximum capability of wire to hold current
AmpacityCorona
occurs maximum at transmission lines
discharge of electricity from a conductor with high potentialHalf-wave Voltage Doubler
made up of 2 half-wave rectifierTransformer core
laminated to minimize eddy current lossGives op-amp immunity to noise
HysteresisRequired replacement working voltage when replacing a capacitor
10 % - 20% higherWide Bandwidth Amplifier
an amplifier w/c has poor selectivityCombinational Logic Amplifier
used in creating semiconductor ROMPacking Factor
ratio of volume of the atoms to the cell volumeCeramic
bypass capacitor used for high frequency applicationRC Synthesis
technique used to eliminate the need for inductive elementsof monolithic IC
Damping Factor
determines the filter response characteristicSolid Grounding
adopted for voltage below 600 VResistance Grounding
adopted for voltage from 3.3 kV to 11 kVStray Loss
not considered loss a transformerGauss Theorem for Magnetic Flux
magnetic flux in any discrete surface is equal to zeroRheostat
it can handle more power than potentiometerFerranti Effect
can be seen for long transmission linesFlywheel Effect
occurs at oscillationAvalanche Effect
occurs at diodeFrenkel Effect
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vacant lattice sites wherein a missing atom is relocated in alocation in w/c an atom should not be found
misalignment of electron to holeVacancy Defect
missing atomBravais Lattice
a lattice w/c only shows the lattice points in a crystalSensyl
points the direction of an objectDynamic Resistance
resistance at the pn junction under ac conditionPotential Gradient
in a cable, it is maximum at the conductor and minimum inthe outer sheath
Impracticality of High Voltage Cell
because there isnt any real need for such thingMaxwell Bridge
measures inductance from known capacitanceWelding Cold Wielding
pressureCycloconverter
converts ac to acNegatron
same as electronSilver Zinc
for emergency purposePacking Factor
74% for face centeredSchmitt Trigger
op-amp with hysteresisDifferentiator
subtractor capacitor is in series in input
Integrator
capacitor is on feedback pathDistance of component on standard IC
62. 2 5 micronDistance of component on advance IC
63. 1 micronGeometry
comparison of features of IC
Stack
LIFOProgram Counter
points the next commandInstruction Register
holds the present command1.6 V
typical threshold of LEDOrthogonal Nulling
effect in which input affects output but output cannot affect input3 to 8 inches
size of standard wafer before used as IC74. 1 dB
smallest change in sound that can perceive by human earWeston Saturated Cell
reference cellGalvanized Steel
used to ground electric wiresCache memory
recently used / frequently used memoryOS Memory
BIOSManipulator
robot armStorage Oscilloscope
used to display responses for long duration of studying purposeIEEE 488
most important standard for digital interfaceAtomic Mass unit
reciprocal of Avogadros Number 1.6607 x 10-27kg
Skin Effect
only at high frequencyPre-Amplifier
voltage amplifierElectronic Oscillator
OP-Amp + Feedback1%
stray lossPush pull
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2 transistorsPermeameter
measures magnetic characteristic of ferromagnetic materialsChebyshev
passband filter with rippleElliptical
bandstop with sharp notchLASCR
also called latch SCR with no gate terminal
D Flip Flop
binary counterFET
thermionic valveGimmick Capacitance
capacitance made by twisted wireGratz Rectifier
3 phase full wave rectifier made with 6 rectifying elements2mm
repeatability of servo-motor5.6 V
zener diode that will result to best stability15. 3.56 dB
noise figure of MMICMonolithic IC
made from passive and active componentFilm IC
made from passive component onlyAir Core
used for 95 MHzTorroid Core
used for 400 kHzOptoisolator / Optocoupler
LED + phototransistorBistable
it composes the flip flopJK and SC Flip flop
toggle switch is the only differenceROM
made of combinational logic circuitWord
16 byteDouble
32 byteDIAC
2 pairs of SCRDarlington
2 transistorsPunch Through Effect
when Vce exceeds active region, breakdown occursPersistor
superconducting elementCMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide SemiconductorECL
high speed compared to TTLTT
least propagation delayPilot Cell
indicates the condition of the entire batteryMercury Cell
pollutes the environmentDry Cell
ready to use even without initial chargingShort Dead Circuit
causes explosionPolyesteryn
good capacitorAnalog IC
linear changesDigital IC
discrete changesEqualizing Charge
used for battery to return to original stateZero Drift
disparity from mechanical zero due to passing of time
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l b h i l h i hi h li k i h i f ll
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Most compulsory robot that uses serial chain which link to connect one to
another to it.
Serial robotThe maximum voltage that can be steadily applied to capacitor without the
capacitor breaking down (short) is called ____ of the capacitor
Work voltageWhat generator having field wound and armature wound connected in
parallel
Shunt wound dc generator
Shunt is mostly contained of what alloy?
ManganinCompare to straight-cut spur gear, helical gear___
have less backlashWhat considered as piece of mechanical with an interesting control aspect?
RobotCover that protects the magnetic or electromagnetic in affecting other object
ShieldingUnlike TIG welding, MIG welding
uses consumable electrodesThe reason cds do not have repeated playback
nothing touches the diskPortion of welding during interval where welding current flowing__
heat-sub intervalRobotics is a multidisciplinary subject which embracing the elements ____
mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, controltheory
A resistance welding that produces coalescence simultaneously with the
entire area of abutting surfaces
Flash Welding (FW)A robot that is controlled by driving the axes or degrees of freedom against
the mechanical limit stop
Bang-bang robotGenerator used what kind of method to produce voltage?
magneticWhat is radio-frequency oscillator?
has most or all energy in single frequencyWhat type of amplifier is most efficient?
class C
----- unit that consist of two or more cell
CenterTransconductance is expressed as
change in drain current to change in gate voltageBleeder resistor
connected in parallel with filter capacitorA crystal set
requires no oscillatorThe current in a JFET is not affected by which of the following
transconductanceThe substrate is deposited in a material made of insulator
Hybrid CircuitAn electronic flash device in which flash duration is very short
StrobotacA toothed belt:
is also known as timing beltIn general, the greater the absolute value of the impedance in a circuit:
the larger the reactanceThe robot can produce a range of facial expression...
kismetCDs are not generally for recording:
via magnetic fieldGaAs is a(n):
compoundIn a ROM:
it is easy to get data out, but hard to put it inIn a RAM:
it is easy to get data out, and put it inIn a NPN circuit, the collector:
is negative w/ respect to emitterThe purpose of I layer in PIN diode:
minimize the diode capacitanceWhat is used for precise measurement of resistance:
wheatstone bridgeA tube w/ three grids:
pentodeA typical audio recording tape thickness is:
1milShunts is made up of what alloy:
manganin
Th l d i MIG ldi d i id l f
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The power supply used in MIG welding:
DCRPWhich of the diodes types might be found in oscillator circuit in a microwave
radio transmitters:
IMPATT diodeThe output of r-s flip flop is also known as:
set & resetThe current in cell with no external load
Local actionThe advantage of JK over RS flip flop
The output of JK is predictableA tube with cold cathode
There is no filamentHoles flow from
Plus to minusTo rotate about a vertical axis
YawThe set of independent displacements that specify completely the displaced
or deformed position of the body or system.
Degrees of freedomWhat is the power supply voltage for integrated series circuit?
5 VWhat is the output of a half-wave rectifier?
the effective voltage is less than that of the ac input waveWhich of the following is NOT function of fuse?
to ensure there is enough current available for an appliance to workright
Phenomenon in which a material becomes more conductive due to the
absorption of electro-magnetic radiation such as visible light, ultraviolet light,
infrared light
PhotoconductivityWhat number is the charged of an atom that appears
oxidation numberWhat is the ratio of an atom of one isotope having the same element?
Abundance RatioWhen wave X lags wave Y by 1/3 then
wave Y is 120 degrees earlier than XIt is also called Law of electric charge
Coulombs Law
produces non-sinusoidal waveform
multivibratorproduces rectangular waveform
Gating CircuitAnderson Bridge
measure inductance in terms of resistance and capacitance;Improvement of Wien
Maxwell BridgeDaisy Chaining -
determining inteript priorityStep Recovery Diode
harmonic generatorSulphation
occurs during incomplete chargingHeaviside
CampbellBridge Circuit
measure self-inductance with mutual inductancePhantastron
improvement of Miller BridgeDe Sauty
measures capacitance with two air capacitance.Miller Circuit
converts step to ramp waveformHay Bridge
measure inductance with large phase angleMonostable
increase propagation delayInventor
from dc to ac signalAstable
oscillator with no stable stateOscillator
uses positive feedbackBolometer
measures temperature with reference to different resistanceOndograph
measures current and voltage waveformStroboscope
measures speed using flickering light
T i kl Ch i F i Di
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Trickle Charging
refreshed battery & fully chargeBench Charging
car battery chargingFloating Battery
charge or stand byFloating Point
mantissa, base and exponentRise Time
to increase from 10% to 90%Bootstrap Circuit -
provides constant current and constant voltage with a givenresistance
Electron Ballistic
projectile of electronho
smallest parameterh1i
measured in short circuit by v1/i1dv/dt
in SCR causes false triggeringdi/dt
in SCR causes local hot spots30.5 1 micron
size of a transistors baseEarly Effect
base narrowingThin Film
uses ceramic as substrateThick Film
uses alumina as substrateMonolithic IC
1 processFermi
probability of occurrence in outermost shell forbidden band
Fermi Dirac
energy distribution to the electrons of crystal at constanttemperature
Linear Wave Shaping
shaping of waveform using linear elementsCandela
unit for luminous intensityHalf Wave
contains odd harmonics symmetrical
Schottky
hot carrier diode fast switching no depletion region
Gantry Robot
uses for painting maneuverable
Negative Temperature Coefficient
examples: Carbon, Semiconductors, thermistorRC Circuit
power factor ranges from 0 to 1Transistor
doubles every 10 degrees CelsiusResistors
doubles every 6 degrees CelsiusVaractor Capacitance
inversely proportional to oscillator frequency inversely proportional to reverse voltage
NAND Gate
for SET 0, CLEAR 0NOR Gate
for SET 1, CLEAR 1AND Gate
series switchJS Kilby
first to develop ICTed Hoff
microprocessorMicroprocessor
consist of ALU and CU
CPU Anthropomorphic
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. CPU
consist of ALU and CUD Counter
consist of JK, RS and inverter counts from 0-9 then resets
Darlington
high impedanceSCS
anode, cathode & 2 gate terminalSCR
anode, cathode and gate terminal 3 diode
Speaker
has impedance of 4 100 ohmsBattery
Ni-Ca: greater Rin Lead Acid: greater efficiency
Largest Computer
uses the word size of 64 bitFull adder
adds 2 binary bit and a carryHalf adder
adds 2 binary digit and produces sum and carry consist on AND and XOR gate
Relaxation O
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