elements and atoms

Elements and Atoms 11/7/11Write the question and answer in complete sentences!1. Ice and water break down a rock. What type of

weathering is this?2. What are convection currents?3. How do convergent boundaries move?4. Why is the earth divided into layers?5. Write down today’s LEQ: How can we determine

the structure of an atom using the periodic table?

Activating Strategy

1.What is the BIGGEST thing you can think of?

2. What is the smallest thing you can think of?

What do all of these have in common?

They are ALL made 100% of ATOMS.

ALL of this is made of 100% atoms!

ALL MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS!

Today’s LEQ: How can we determine the structure of an atom using the periodic table?

By the end of today, you should be able to…1. Explain that atoms are the basic building blocks of

matter

2. Describe the structure of an atom

3. Use the periodic table to predict atomic structure

FOCUS VOCABULARY

AtomProtonNeutronElectronNucleus

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Let’s zoom in…

Atoms are the building blocks of matter.

Atoms are the building blocks of matter.

Proton

Neutron

Electron

Fill in your own Graphic Organizer! (pg. 11D)Positively

charged particle

An uncharged

particle

Negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus

In the nucleus In the nucleus

In the electron cloud

Atoms are the building blocks of matter.

Proton Positively charged particle

In the nucleus

Neutron An uncharged particle

In the nucleus

Electron Negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus

In the electron cloud

+

0

Let’s draw an atom! (3 minutes)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE

HOT Q: Can you see an atom with a microscope?

Take a guess…It would take you ____ years to count the number of atoms in one grain of salt.

500

Take a guess…There are ____ different types of atoms that exist.

109

Watch and Learn!

• http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1489580678324566187

WHAT’S THAT?!

WHAT’S THAT?!

WHAT’S THAT?!

HOW DO WE TELL ONE TYPE OF ATOM FROM ANOTHER?

TURN TO PAGE R58 and R59 in the back of the book

The Periodic Table: List if ingredients use to make EVERYTHING on Earth

7

NNitrogen

14

Element Symbol

Smaller # =

# of protons in the nucleus

Element NameThe mass

Of theElement

1. I have 27 protons. What am I?2. I have 2 protons. What am I? 3. I have 46 protons. What am I?4. I have 79 protons. What am I?5. I have 8 protons. What am I?6. I am calcium. How many protons do I have?7. I am silver. How many protons do I have?8. I am neon. How many protons do I have?9. I am potassium. How many protons do I have?10. I am iron. How many protons do I have?11. I am nitrogen. Draw a picture of my nucleus!

SUMMARIZER

LEQ: How can we determine the structure of an atom using the periodic table?

1. What is an atom? 2. What are the three particles (or parts) that atoms are made of?3. What is the difference between a proton and a neutron?4. What is the difference between a proton and an electron?5. What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

BLING BLING• Gucci Mane wore a white gold necklace

to the awards show. Nelly wore a platinum necklace. Both necklaces were blinged out. What’s the difference??

(Both metals are different Elements)

FOCUS VOCABULARY:

Atomic Number Atomic Mass Element Energy Level

Math???

• When rounding in Math, how do you know if a number should round UP or DOWN?

Below .5 Round DOWN

.5 and Above Round UP

Math??Practice these math problems• Round 5.4 to the nearest whole number• Round 2.2 to the nearest whole number• Round 10.7 to the nearest whole number • Round 22.5 to the nearest whole number• What is 10-3? • What is 17-5? • What is 22-6? • What is 14-7?

Math??Practice these math problems• Round 5.4 to the nearest whole number (5)• Round 2.2 to the nearest whole number (2)• Round 10.7 to the nearest whole number (11)• Round 22.5 to the nearest whole number (23)• What is 10-3? (7)• What is 17-5? (12)• What is 22-6? (16)• What is 14-7? (7)

Elements 11/8/11• Element: The most basic

form of matter on Earth.

• Everything on Earth is made of 1 or more Elements

EXPLAIN TO A 3rd Grader:How would we solve this word problem?

Together, Juan and Jordan have a total of 48 cookies. Juan has 25 cookies.

How many cookies does Jordan have? TOTAL: 48 cookiesJuan: 25 cookies

Jordan has 23 cookies

7

NNitrogen

14.01

Element Symbol

Atomic Number(# of protons

in the nucleus)

Element NameAtomic Mass

(total # of

particles

in the nucleus)

Identifying Elements

• Each element has a different number of ProtonsProtons = Atomic NumberElectrons = number of

ProtonsNeutrons = Atomic Mass

Number - Atomic Number ( Bottom - Top)

In NORMAL ATOMS….

# of protons = # of electronsLet’s practice:Boron: Helium:Carbon:

5 electrons

2 electrons

6 electrons

What two particles make up the nucleus?!

7

NNitrogen

14.01

Atomic Number(# of protons

in the nucleus)

Atomic Mass

(total # of

particles

in the nucleus)

How can we determine the total number of neutrons in the nucleus?!

Atomic Mass (Rounded)Atomic Number# of Neutrons

Remember:Below .5 Round DOWNAbove .5 Round UP

Let’s try it…. 1

HHydrogen

1.008

Atomic Mass: Rounded At. Mass: Atomic Number:

110

1.00811

Number of Protons: Number of Neutrons:

10

HYDROGEN:

Let’s try it…. 4

BeBeryllium

9.012

Atomic Mass: Rounded At. Mass: Atomic Number:

945

9.01294

Number of Protons: Number of Neutrons:

45

Identifying Elements

protons= protons= electrons = electrons =neutrons = neutrons=

4

BeBeryllium

9.014

9

FFluorine

18.998

Identifying Elements

protons= 4 protons= 9electrons = 4 electrons = 9neutrons = 5 neutrons= 10

4

BeBeryllium

9.014

9

FFluorine

18.998

HOT Q: Atoms like to have a total charge of 0 (or neutral).

Knowing that atoms have both positive and negative particles

(protons and electrons), how can they have a total charge of 0?

THEY HAVE AN EQUAL NUMBER OF PROTONS

AND ELECTRONS!

Experiment: Drawing Atoms

1. Draw a circle2. Look at the atomic

number, draw that manyprotons in the center

3. Draw the same amountof electrons around the outside

4. Round the atomic mass #5. Subtract atomic # from

atomic mass #

3

LiLithium

6.941

Practice

• Draw the Atom of Copper (Cu)

• Draw the Atom of Carbon (C)

• Draw the Atom of Neon (Ne)

Practice!

Periodic Table: Independent Practice

Pg. R58 and R59 (back of the book!)

LEQ: How can we determine the structure of an atom using the periodic table?

• The 3 particles in an atom are:– 1.– 2.– 3.

• Atomic Number = • Atomic Mass Number =• The number of ________ in a certain atom never

change.

Why the weird shape?!

New Material

• The Periodic Table is a way of organizing the elements.

• The elements are organized by 1)increasing atomic number and 2)similar chemical properties.

• Atomic mass: the average mass of all the element’s isotopes.

Helium

Sodium

Carbon

Energy Levels: hold electrons with the same amount of energy

1st Energy Level

2nd

3rd

Drawing Electrons and Energy Levels: Helium

Protons: Neutrons:Electrons:

222

WHAT NUMBER ROW IS IT IN?! 1

Drawing Electrons and Energy Levels: BORON

Protons: Neutrons:Electrons:

565

WHAT NUMBER ROW IS IT IN?! 2

DRAW YOUR OWN!Pick THREE elements and draw models of each of them. You must choose ONE element from the first energy level, ONE from the second energy level, and ONE from the third energy level.

BE SURE TO:LABEL each element you drawDRAW “+” signs in your protonsINCLUDE the correct number of protons, neutrons, electronsDRAW electrons in their correct energy level

Summarizer:In 3-5 sentences, EXPLAIN how we can use the periodic table to determine the structure of an atom.

YOUR ANSWER MUST INCLUDE THESE WORDS:PROTON ATOMIC MASSNEUTRON ATOMIC NUMBERELECTRON ENERGY LEVEL

Pass out Periodic Charts

• Pass out Periodic Charts