employment planning and activity centres
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MEAM and IDEAM
pracsys.Employment Planning & Activity Centres
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Overview
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Integrating ‘top-down’ & ‘bottom-up’
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MEAM - Scope
• Activity centres (not only retail) are the functional economic units of our metropolitan economy
• Therefore any understanding of the metropolitan/sub-regional economy must begin with an understanding of how activity centres act individually, and as networks
• “ Local planning strategies and district structure plans should define employment locations and job targets for activity centres, consistent with sub-regional targets.” - Activity Centres Policy, WA
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Melbourne Employment Allocation Model
• Melbourne 2030 Policies Compact Networks Liveable
• Dwelling targets 316,000 in established areas 284,000 in growth areas
• Population projections for LGAs/SLAs Victoria in Future 2008
Prosperous Affordable Sustainable
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What does this mean for jobs?
• Developing employment or ESS targets
Maturity Potential for increasing population-driven jobs/capita Existence of activity centre(s) ECFs or potential for strategic job growth Investment in infrastructure i.e. hospital, uni Capacity of transport system
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Local government scenario example
Situation Scenarios Now Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
2026 2006 Constant ESS 10% ESS Increase Constant Commute
Residents 112,695 277,000 277,000 277,000
ESS % 67% 67% 77% 87%
Total Jobs 36,009 88,509 101,301 114,045
Population-driven 29,872 73,424 77,560 80,330
Strategic 6,137 15,085 23,741 33,715
Commute Out 35,736 87,838 61,833 35,736
Commute In 18,221 44,787 31,574 18,221
• Pracsys Databases/Benchmarking: Population-driven jobs per capita, thresholds Employment type Employment quality
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What does this mean for Activity Centres?
• LGA example – future requirement 77,560 population-driven jobs 23,741 strategic jobs
• Existing and future centres must be planned with a job allocation in mind to ensure:
Correct zoning Land and floorspace capacity Infrastructure investment
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MEAM - Methodology
60% ESS
125,000 Jobs
55,824Non-Centre
Based
69,176Centre based
41,485CS/PS
5,495KICS
22,197Strategic
Centre 1Jobs
Centre 2Jobs
Centre 3Jobs
Centre 1Land
Centre 2Land
Centre 3Land
Employment Allocation
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MEAM - Assumptions
• Measure existing indicators Employment quality Agglomerations of activity Centre-based/non-centre based Population distribution Centres hierarchy, maturity, plot ratios
• Benchmark• Consultation with government• Knowledge of land & infrastructure capacity
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Outputs by Activity Centre - Perth
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
Current EmploymentFuture Employment
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Outputs - Perth
Strategic Metropolitan Centre - Joondalup
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Outputs - Perth
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IDEAM – evaluate centre sustainability
Our developed framework operates by:
• Data: Destination zone data (employment by industry, dwellings, area) and trip data is collected for a sample of metropolitan centres to develop sustainability indicators
• Scoring: Within each indicator (i.e. diversity), the relevant metric (i.e. percentage of non-retail employment) is assigned a score, ranked from 1-10
• Targets: The target score is based on the average score and the ‘best-of-type’ score for centres at the relevant level of the hierarchy
• Comparison: Centres can be assessed against each other, against the best and average centre at its level in the hierarchy, or against a higher centre type to see improvement required to move up in the hierarchy
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Intensity
• Refers to Concentration of activity within a centre
• Potential benefits of more intense centres: Optimisation of investment in transport and other infrastructure; More efficient use of land resources; Reduction in dependence on private motor vehicles
• Metrics Residential Density Total NLA/Total Land Area (pseudo plot ratio)
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Diversity
• Refers to Range of activity within a centre
• Potential benefits of more diverse centres: Optimisation of investment in transport and other infrastructure; More efficient use of land resources; Reduction in dependence on private motor vehicles
• Metrics Richness “Mixed of uses” Evenness (The number of categories with greater than 4% of total
floorspace)
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Employment
• Refers to The quantum and quality of employment within a centre
• Potential benefits of more employment in centres: large diverse centres create more employment choice for the local
population, and enable multiple activities – work, shop, recreate, live
• Metrics The total jobs per gross hectare The percentage of employment that is knowledge intensive and/or
export orientated (KIEO)
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Accessibility
• Refers to The extent to which the centre is accessible both externally to it’s
catchment, and internally
• Potential benefits of more accessible centres: Optimisation of investment in transport and other infrastructure; More efficient use of land resources; Reduction in dependence on private motor vehicles
• Metrics Infrastructure Provision Mode share
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IDEAM - Outputs
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IDEAM - Maturity
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