energy flow in living things

Energy Flow in Living Things

12/14/09

Catalyst

1. What do you eat to get energy?2. What type of biological molecule

has the longest lasting energy?3. What type of biological molecule

has the shortest lasting energy?

Relationships to Energy

How are some of the organic molecules that we have learned about relate to energy use?

How are some forms of transport related to energy use?

How are some of the organelles we have learned about related to energy?

Organic Molecules

Lipids and Carbohydrate organic molecules function as the quick storage of energy!

Transport and Energy

Active transport uses energy to pump molecules and particles from low concentration to high concentrations!

How is active transport used in the body to continue homeostasis?

Active Transport and Energy Active Transport uses energy to keep

our bodies stable in the following examples”

Pumping waste out of our cells Producing more energy in cellular

respiration

How about using our energy to maintain a balance things like food, water, mates?

Organelles and Energy

Chloroplasts in plants Uses energy in the cell to make glucose! Sun glucose

Mitochondria in plants and animals (Euks) Uses the glucose consumed (animals) or

made (plants) to make energy in the form of ATP!

Types of Energy

Heat =

Light =

Chemical =

Usable =

Catalyst Answers

1. What do you eat to get energy?Food (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids)

2. What type of biological molecule has the longest lasting energy?

Lipids3. What type of biological molecule

has the shortest lasting energy?Carbohydrates

Metabolism Unit Topic

What did we say metabolism was?

Metabolism Unit Topic

Remember that we said: Organisms need to get energy from

the environment to survive. Metabolism is how organisms get

energy, use energy and dispose of waste by-products.

Bioenergetic Reactions

Bio = Life

Energetics = properties of energy

Reactions = a process that results in a product from reactant substances

Reactant + reactant product(s)

How do living

things get and use energy?

The transfer of energy

All energy on Earth comes from the sun

The transfer of energyAutotrophs store energy

from the sun in matter in a process called photosynthesis.

Autotrophs are also called producers.

The transfer of energyHeterotrophs get their

energy by eating autotrophs.

Heterotrophs are also called consumers.

The transfer of energy

Both autotrophs and heterotrophs release the potential energy stored in matter by cell respiration.

Photosynthesis vs. Cell Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Respiration

CO2 O2

= Storing energy

= Releasing energy

The flow of energy

Energy from the sun is captured by chloroplasts

Mitochondria change the energy made by the chloroplasts into fuel for the grass to grow.

Mitochondria change the energy made by the chloroplasts into fuel for the grass to grow.

The bunny eats the grass for energy

Chloroplasts store energy

Mitochondria release energy

There are 2 types of bioenergetic reactions we will explore:

Changing light energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (food energy).Sunlight → Food = __________________

Occurs in the ____________________________

Changing chemical energy (food energy) into usable energy (ATP).Food → ATP = ______________________Occurs in the ____________________________

Poll in!

Human sperm cells must move rapidly, often against gravity, in order to reach the egg before they die. Based on this information, which organelle would be more abundant in a sperm cell than a skin cell?

A. chloroplastsB. ribosomesC. nuclei D. mitochondria

What is ATP?

Watch as Ms. Kuipers demonstrates the process of converting (changing) energy from food into a form that cells can use. In the space below, record what happens during her demonstration. (What important steps do you think you are observing?)

Which form carried/stored the energy? ___________ Which form accepted the energy? ___________ How was the energy transferred? _______________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ How is energy stored (breaking or forming bonds)? ______________________ How is energy released (breaking or forming bonds)? ____________________

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) TRI = _____ The molecule that cells use to ______________ and _____________ energy

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) DI = _____ The molecule that cells use to ______________ energy

  If a cell has _____________ amounts of extra energy it can store it by

_____________ a phosphate group (P). Then the ATP will be stored for use for ______________.