energy storage - 5: dr neal wade, university of newcastle

Research-based demo projects – UK

Dr Neal WadeNewcastle Universityneal.wade@ncl.ac.uk

Content

• Latest wave of UK grid connected energy storage research– Survey of UK energy storage demonstrators

• Case studies– Technical objectives– Commercial objectives– Regulatory conditions

• Ongoing role of university research

Latest wave of UK storage research

Hemsby 11kV grid connected storage• AuRA-NMS : Jan 2007 – Jun 2010, then First Low Carbon

Network Fund project: Sep 2010 – Oct 2013

http://innovation.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/innovation/en/Projects/tier-1-projects/demonstrating-the-benefits-of-short-term-discharge-energy-storage/

http://www.electricitystorage.co.uk/

DNO storage projectsDNO Energy (MWh) Power (MW) TechnologyUKPN 0.2 0.2 Li-ionUKPN 10 6 Li-ionSSEPD 3 1 Pb-ASHEPD 0.5 2 Li-ionSSE 2.4 0.35 LAESSSE 0.075 0.075 Li-ionNPg 5 2.5 Li-ionNPg 3 x 0.1 3 x 0.05 Li-ionNPg 2 x 0.2 2 x 0.1 Li-ionWPD 0.5 0.25 NaNiCl

CASE STUDIESCustomer Led Network Revolution (with Northern Powergrid)Smarter Network Storage (with UK Power Networks)

CLNR learning outcomes (LO)

• LO1 – Current, emerging and future customer characteristics• LO2 – Customer flexibility cost and value• LO3 – Network flexibility cost and value • LO4 – Optimum solutions – socio, techno, economic• LO5 – Embedding learning into Business as Usual for DNOs

http://www.networkrevolution.co.uk/

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CLNR learning outcomes visualised

Active customer participation

National smart meter data

CUSTOMER SOLUTIONS

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Electrical energy storage

Enhanced automatic voltage control

Real-time thermal rating

INTEGRATED NETWORK

TECHNOLOGY

3Heat pumps Photovoltaic panels Electric vehicles

CUSTOMER TECHNOLOGY

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CLNR Powerflow Management at EES1

02/06/2014 05/06/2014

http://www.networkrevolution.co.uk/

Smarter Network Storage (UKPN)

• 6 MW/7.5 MVA/10 MWh of lithium-ion storage installed in Leighton Buzzard.

• Primary substation has reached its MVA limit.

• Conventionally, another overhead line would be installed.

• Can storage solve the problem and pay its way?

http://innovation.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/ - search ‘SNS’

Demand peak shaving

• System design is constrained by peak demand• Peak reduction needs sufficient power and energy• Peak needs to be forecast so energy is available

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3 step approach1. Peak shaving

2. Commercial service layering

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Service schedule optimisation

3 step approach3. Service valuation and selection

𝐸𝑉=∑𝑖=1

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Energy valueAvailability FeeUtilization Fee

See Greenwood DM, Wade NS, Heyward N, Mehta P, Papadopoulos P, Taylor PC. Scheduling power and energy resources in the Smarter Network Storage project. In: 23rd International Conference on Electricity Distribution. 2015, Lyon, France: IET

SNS commercial experience

Note that during the period represented here the system was operating under manual control to trial each service. Optimised service combination may produce differing results.Data courtesy of UKPN

Regulatory framework• The default treatment of storage as a subset of generation creates uncertainty.• Unbundling requirements add uncertainty.• Competition in generation and supply must not be distorted.• Treatment of import as end consumption under climate change, renewable and low carbon

supplier charges increase operating costs for storage operators.• Distribution charging methodologies could be inconsistent.• Optimised connections and distribution charging agreements are needed.• Categorisation of storage installations under CDCM impact network charges.• Reactive power capability of energy storage systems is not recognised.

Smarter Network Storage SDRC 9.5 - http://innovation.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/innovation/en/Projects/tier-2-projects/Smarter-Network-Storage-(SNS)/Project-Documents/SNS_ElectricityStorageRegulatoryFramework_SecondReport_v1.0+PXM+2015-09-30.pdf

ONGOING ROLE OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCHFunding streamsContribution

Funded research

• Ofgem’s Network Innovation projects• Research Council – Grand Challenges and Capital Investments• Department of Energy and Climate Change• Catapults• Innovate UK

Examples of University research

Recipients of EPSRC Capital Grant funding• Imperial College London• University of Sheffield• University of Manchester• University of Birmingham• Loughborough University• University of Warwick• University of Oxford• Newcastle University• … and others

AC-grid connected energy storage system

Research interestsCustom real-time control platformLV city-centre locationOptimising battery performance & lifePrototyping novel control strategiesTechno-economic assessment

Siemens SIESTORAGE 236kW 180kWh with islanding capability

Contact details: rebecca.todd@manchester.ac.uk or andrew.forsyth@manchester.ac.uk

Energy storage test hardware

NH Research 9200 battery tester (four 120V 200A channels and two 40V 600A channels)

ESPEC AR680 environmental chamber (680litre capacity, +180°C to -70°C range, 100% relative humidity control)

Contact details: rebecca.todd@manchester.ac.uk or andrew.forsyth@manchester.ac.uk

Research interestsLife cycle performanceEnergy storage cell / module parameterisation

Liquid Air pilot plant

Contact details: Prof Yulong Ding y.ding@bham.ac.uk

Lithium-titanate battery

Contact details: Dave Stone d.a.stone@sheffield.ac.uk

Some other UK facilities

Summary of research role in demos

• Experimental design• Pre-trial modelling• Trial analysis

– Validation– Extension– Extrapolation– Enhancement– Generalisation

• Dissemination

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Images show model and reality in VEEEG analysis, from: Lyons PF, Wade NS, Jiang T, Taylor PC, Hashiesh F, Michel M, Miller D. Design and analysis of electrical energy storage demonstration projects on UK distribution networks. Applied Energy 2015, 137, 677-691.

Research-based demo projects – UK

Dr Neal WadeNewcastle Universityneal.wade@ncl.ac.uk