english colonization in north america. focus question:
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A Brave New WorldEnglish Colonization in North America
Focus Question:
Entering the Game LateBy the time England was ready:
Spain had claimed much of South and Central America
France claimed the rich fur lands of Canada and the Mississippi Valley
English stuck withthe Atlantic seaboard
English AdvantagesExcess Population
Enclosure MovementReligious Dissent
GeopoliticsGrowth of Joint-Stock Companies
Enclosure Movement
Failed Early AttemptsTrial and Error MethodPatterns established
SettlementBreakdown of order
and purposeDisease and hungerTrouble with Native Americans
Lacked Successful Model
The ChesapeakeSettled along the James River
Defensive PosturePlanned by Virginia
Company of LondonRequired a commodity
Very nearly failed
Achieves SuccessDeveloped New Model for Colonization
Send large numbers of family groupsEncourage small, privately owned farmsMaintain military disciplineLocate goods suitable for trade
Pilgrims ProgressThe Settlement of New England
Role of the Protestant ReformationDifferent groups protested different
teachings and practicesLutheransCalvinistsAnglicans
Development of Puritans in EnglandWished to “purify” Catholic elements from the
Anglican ChurchAdopted many Calvinist ideas, especially
predestination
PilgrimsSeparatists
“Church of England too corrupt for salvation”Set sail for Virginia
Mayflower CompactSelf-Government with Town MeetingOnly Church members voted
Absorbed by Massachusetts Bay
Puritans in New EnglandSought to establish a “City Upon a Hill”
How a Christian community should liveMixed Church and State
Only Puritan men could voteAll citizens supported the ChurchState had jurisdiction over ministry
Established the “Protestant Work Ethic”Serious commitment to workEnjoyed simple, human pleasures
Colonial Massachusetts
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