enlightenment ideas spread 1775-1783
Post on 02-Apr-2022
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Enlightenment Ideas Spread
1775-1783: Background• Background
• Opportunity in colonies=cheap, land,
social advancements, new identity
• British needed to pay for the French
and Indian War (Britain v. France over
power in North America and
Caribbean) =taxed colonies
Causes of the American Revolution
“Great upheavals in history occur when
circumstances are ripe.”
French and Indian War (1754-63)
Drained Britain
treasury
Passed and enforced new tax laws on the colonists
Causes of the American Revolution
“Great upheavals in history occur when
circumstances are ripe.”
New tax laws on the
colonists
“No taxation without
representation”
OH NO!!! … You tell me
☺
Causes of the American Revolution:
1. French and Indian War
2. Taxes on Colonies (Taxation w/o Representation)
1. Stamp Act 1767: Stamps on newspapers,
public documents, legal papers (help pay war
debt)
2. Townsend Act 1767: Tax on glass, paints, tea
1. Boston Massacre 1770: Merchants in Boston called
for a boycott of British goods=British sent troops to
keep order=shots fired, kill 5 people=repealed most
taxes except that on TEA
Causes of the American
Revolution1. Mercantilism
2. British treasury is drained during the
French and Indian War
3. Trade Laws 1764 4. Stamp Act 1765
Causes of the American Revolution
The Townshend Act 1767
Boston Massacre 1770
Boston Tea Party 1773 Intolerable Act 1774
Causes of the American
Revolution
Causes of the American Revolution:
ReviewFrench & Indian War: Britain Needs $ Blame Colonies for Cost SO….
TAX THE COLONIES (Taxation W/O Representation)
↓
Stamp Act & Townsend Act
↓
Boston Massacre
↓
Boston Tea Party
↓
Intolerable Act
↓
REVOLT (build up weapons Britain send more troops)
“Great upheavals in history occur when circumstances are ripe.”
Lexington and Concord 1775= Shots Heard Around the World:
Declaring Independence
THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
• 2nd Continental Congress 1776: July 4, 1776
• Thomas Jefferson wrote using Enlightenment thought
It’s a brave new world in America!
Out with monarchy and in with democracy!
Rights of individuals!
Government must answer to the people!
Declaration of Independence• Drafted by Thomas
Jefferson
• People had the right to
“alter or abolish unjust
governments.”
• Popular sovereignty
• All government power
comes from the people
• King had trampled the
peoples’ natural rights.
• Colonists now had the right
to rebel
Articles of Confederation
1781
• Created National Government with little power
because they didn’t want to create a mini-me
Britain
• Could not tax
• Could not navigate with foreign nations
• It failed…SO
United States Constitution 1789
The Constitution
• Used ideas of Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau and Voltaire
• Created a Representative Democracy (REPUBLIC)
• Government in which power is divided between the national (or federal government) and the states• Separation of powers (3 branches)
• Citizens VOTE
• Bill of Rights added later: Amendments 1-10
Federalist Papers – Writing campaign to convince American citizens to ratify the new Constitution
First President: George Washington.
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