epr & lca(1)
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PierreOlivierDesMarchais
Facult deDroit Universit Laval
Cycle2010
FromSciencetoDecisionMaking
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Presentation
Overview
1)Introduction:Quebecwastemanagementcontext
2) What is the political & regulatory approach used by thegovernmentforwastemanagement?
3)WhatkindofroleisattributedtoLifecycleassessment(LCA)inextendedproducerresponsibility(EPR)programs?
4)
The
potential
impacts
of
the
DraftRegulationRespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises? 5)Conclusion
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Extended
Producer
Responsibility
concept
OECDDefinition : EPRisanenvironmentalpolicyapproachinwhichaproducersresponsibility foraproduct isextended tothepostconsumer
stageofaproductslifecycle
TworelatedfeaturesofEPRpolicyinclude: 1) Increasing producers responsibility by shifting responsibility upstream
toward the producer and away from municipalities and/or regional orprovincialwastemanagementauthorities;
2) Providing incentives to producers to incorporate environmentalconsiderationsinthedesignoftheirproducts
EPRPrinciplesinaSustainabledevelopmentperspective
PolluterPaysPrincipleandInternalisationofCosts
Incentives for changing production patterns and promoting Design forEnvironment
Lifecycleapproach
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QuebecWasteContext RecycQuebecReportonWastemanagement
2008
Incomparisonwith2006:
WasteGenerationincreasedby1%
Recoveryrateshaveincreasedby9%
Quantities of wastes eliminated havedecreasedby7%
For the first time we Recover more than weEliminateinQuebec
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Quebec
Waste
Context
Generation and Recovery performances by sectors in 2008, RecycQuebecReport
Sector Gererated Recovery
Recovery/ potential
2008 2006
ObjectivesintheQubecWaste
Management
Policy 19982008
Municipal 3150000 1118000 36% 32% 60%
IBI 5314000 2479000 53% 49% 80%
CRD 4569000 3217000 74% 69% 60%
Total 13033000 6814000 57% 52% 65%
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Political&Regulatoryapproachesforwastemanagement
SustainableDevelopmentAct Article1:TheobjectofthisActistoestablishanewmanagementframework
within the Administration to ensure that powers and responsibilities areexercisedinthepursuitofsustainabledevelopment and furtherintegratingthe
pursuitofsustainabledevelopmentintothepolicies,programsandactionsoftheAdministration,atalllevelsandinallareasofintervention 16 Principles : prevention, precaution, polluter pays,
internalization of costs, sustainable production & consumptionpatterns
Article 5: The implementation of sustainable development within theAdministrationistobebasedonthesustainabledevelopmentstrategyadoptedby the Government and is to be carried out in a manner consistent with theprinciplesstatedinthestrategyandthoseestablishedbythisdivision
SustainableDevelopmentStrategy20082013 RelevantDirections:
Direction 3 Sustainable production & consumption patterns(ecoresponsible procurementpolicy)
Direction4 Increase Economic Efficiency (Increasingly reveal theexternalities associated with goods and services production andconsumption)
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QuebecPolicyonResidualMaterialsManagement
20102015 Objectives:
By2015
Reduce the quantity of wastes sent for disposal to 700kilogramsperresident
Recycle 70% of paper, cardboard, plastic, glass, and metal
waste Process 60 % of organic putrescible waste using biological
processes,i.e.,landfarming,composting,andbiomethanation
Principles
:
SDAprinciples Waste Management Hierarchy : is the notion that prioritizing
reductionat thesource,reuse,recycling,and reclamation in that
order
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(Suite)
GovernmentActionPlan: Discourage andmonitorElimination
Increasethechargesforthedisposalofresidualmaterials
Make Producers MoreResponsible TheGovernmentwillassesstheadvantagesanddrawbackslinkedto
thetransfertoproducersofthemanagementofmunicipalcollectionandreclamationofcontainers,packaging,andprintedmatter.
ExtendEPRtoendoflife tires Fromnow to2011,drawupapriority listofproducts that shouldbe
placedunderEPRprograms(2newproductsevery2years)
Ban theburial oforganic matters in landfill sites within 10years Prohibittheburyingofpaperandcardboardinlandfillsitesin2013 Program for Processing Organic Matter by Biomethanization and
Composting(650M$)
$3.5milliontoaknowledgeacquisitionprograminresidual
materialsmanagement,withemphasisonproduct lifecycleanalysis
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Regulatory
framework
EnvironmentQualityAct SectionVII wastemanagement
Responsibilityofwastemanagement
Governmentcompetenceforregulatingresidualmaterials
WasteStreamconcernedbyEPRprograms
Packaging(2004)
UsedOils(2004)
Paints(2000)
EPRProgramsStructure
TypesofResponsibility
Financial(packaging)
Or
Material(usedoilsandpaints) Setupcollectionandsorting
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Regulatory
framework
(Suite) Legal obligation of producer : Recovery rates and
Reclamation
UsedOils: 50%in2005 / 75%in2008
Paints:25%in2002 / 50%in2005 / 75%in2008
Problems with current EPR regulations in a
Sustainabledevelopmentperspective? Upstreamwastemanagementoptions
Reclamation definitionintheEQA:anyoperationthepurpose
of which is to obtain usable substances or products, or energy,from residual materials through reuse, recycling, composting,regeneration or any other process that does not constituteelimination
AgainsttheWasteManagementHierarchyconceptofthePolicy
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RegulatoryReform Modifications proposed by the government to the
regulationframeworkonwastemanagement:
DraftRegulationrespectingthechargespayableforthedisposalofresidualmaterials Supplementary regulatory fees forelimination =9.50$/ton
Represent 278 M $ in 5 years (creation of a fund to financebiologicaltreatmentoforganicwastes...)
Draft Bill to amend the Environment Quality Act asregards residualmaterialsmanagementand toamendtheRegulation respectingcompensation formunicipalservices provided to recover and reclaim residualmaterials Progressive increase of the compensation from 50 % to 100 %
toward2015
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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises
MainObjective: is to reduce the quantities of residual materials to be
eliminated by giving enterprises responsibility for recovery
andreclamation oftheproducts...bypromotingthedesignofproducts morerespectfuloftheenvironment
Scopeofapplication:
Used Oils, Paints, Electronics Products, Batteries andMercuryLamps
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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises(Suite)
According to the dispositions of the draft regulation,producers will have to implement a Recovery andReclamationProgramfortheproductstheymarket
Recovery and Reclamation Program must provide forthe management of recovered products to ensure their
reclamation
as
a
priority,
by
focusing
on
reuse,
recycling,
biological reclamation and energetic reclamation, orultimatelytheirelimination,inthatorder,subjecttothe
following
cases:
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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryand
ReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises(Suite)
PossibleBreachesoftheWasteHierarchy :
1)ALifecycleassessment,complyingwithISOstandardsandtakingintoaccounttheperenniality ofressources and
the externalities of management methods, shows that amethod is more advantageous than another inenvironmentalterms;
OR
2) Existing technology in the field of residual materialmanagementdoesnotallowfortheuseofamanagementmethodintheprescribedorder
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PotentialsImpactsofthe DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProducts (DRRR)
EconomicImpactStudybytheQuebecgovernment
11yearsaftertheentryinforceoftheDRRR Fortheproducers=567.2M$
ForthemunicipalitiesandPrivateBusiness=132,4M$profits
AnnualCosts Fortheproducer=70.9M$
**HoweverthisstudydoesntincludethecostlinkedwithLCAforbreachingthewastehierarchy
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Impacts(Suite) SelfReflectiononUsedOils
CurrentmanagementofUsedOilsinQuebec
Between
80
%
to
85
%
of
Used
Oils
is
under
thermal
treatment
forenergyrecovery
Possible
Litigation
:
Re
refined vs.
Energy
Recovery
TheEuropeanCase
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Impacts(Suite) ElectronicProducts
Reuse
Recycling
EnergyRecovery
ExportofWEEEtolowincomecountries
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CONCLUSION Confirmationby thegovernment thatEPR programs will
haveamajor role toplay in thenextdecade fora betterwastemanagementinQuebec
The government is undertaken a vast study on wastemanagement possibilities and a big part of this will befinancebytheprivatesectors
WhatsnextforEPR?Textile,furniture,homeappliances
andevenfood!
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THANK
YOU
FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION
AnyQuestions?
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