erickson’s stages of
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8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 1/28
ERICKSON·S STAGES OF
PSYCHOSOCIALDEVELOPMENT
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 2/28
Stage 1:
Trust vs Mistrust
(birth to 18 months)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 3/28
According to Erick son, if the interactions of
infants have with other people in their
environment are positive, then the infant will
learn that people in their environment can be
trusted.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 4/28
Stage 2:
A utonomy vs Shame and Doubt
(18 months to 3 years)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 5/28
It is important for the toddler to explore
his or her environment in an effort to
establish some independence from
parents.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 6/28
A utonomy- A sense of independence
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 7/28
Stage 3:
Initiative versus Guilt
(3-6 years)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 8/28
During this stage, children attempt to
develop a sense of initiative, that they
are operatiors of the environment.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 9/28
The child imitate adults in performing
various task s.
The children typically learn to identify
and imitate same sex models
Exploration in play
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 10/28
Stage 4:Industry vs Inferiority
(6-12 years)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 11/28
A s the child enters school and advances
through elementary grades, the
developmental crisis focuses on the
child·s ability to win recognition through
performance.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 12/28
Industry -eagerness to produce.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 13/28
Students need generous encouragement
and praise for their accomplishment
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 14/28
If the child does not experience success
- if his/her efforts are treated as
unworthy and intrusive ² the child will
develop a sense of inferiority
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 15/28
Stage 5:
Identity vesus Role Diffusion
(adolescence)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 16/28
The developmental crisis of the
adolescent centers on the youth·s
attempt to discover his or her identity ²
to discover those things about himself or
herself that are unique.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 17/28
Identity
-a sense of psychological well-being
-a feeling of being at home in one·s body
-a sense of k nowing where one is going
an inner awareness of anticipated
recognition from those who count.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 18/28
Stage 6:
Intimac y vs Isolation
(young adulthood)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 19/28
The young adult·s personality ²
stemming from his or her own sense of
self ² is influenced by efforts to establish
intimac y.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 20/28
The period when a young adult who has
just finished his or her education or
training strik es out on his/her own to
begin work and estabilsh a life away from
the childhood family
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 21/28
Intimac y - a close psychological
relationship with another person.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 22/28
Isolation -a feeling of being alone
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 23/28
Stage 7:
Generativity versus Stagnation
(young adulthood ² middle age)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 24/28
Child-bearing and nurturing occupies
the thoughts and feelings of people at
this stage in the life span.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 25/28
Generativity -concern for the future
generations
Stagnation -the feeling that one·s life is
at a ´dead end.µ
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 26/28
Stage 8:Integrity versus Despair
(late adulthood ² old age)
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 27/28
Integrity -a sense of understanding how
one fits into one·s culture and accepting
that one·s place is unique and
unalterable.
8/2/2019 Erickson’s Stages of
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/ericksons-stages-of 28/28
Inability to accept one·s sense of self at
this stage leads to despair ² the feeling
that time is too short and that alternate
roads to integrity are no longer open.
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