erp i sap recap
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8/8/2019 ERP I SAP recap
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Enterprise
Resource
Planning
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What is ERP?
facilitates company-wide integrated
information systems, covering allfunctional areas
performs core Corporate activities and
increases customer service augmentingCorporate Image
ERP is a solution, which
Ente
rprise
Resourc
e
Planning
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Why ERP?
For Management to know what is happeningin the company
For cycle time reduction
To achieve cost control
To shun the geographical gaps
To be Competitive
Ente
rprise
Resourc
e
Planning
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Streamlining business processes
Standardizing of various business processes
Eliminating duplication of data entry
On-line sharing of information for Decision Making
Bringing in transparency in our operations.
Expected benefits of ERP
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Industry Wide Advantages
Manufacturing Sector Speeding up the wholeProcess
Distribution and retail stores Accessing the
status of thegoods
Transport Sector Transmit commoditiesthrough online
transactions
Project Service industry Fastens thecompilation of reports
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MRPMRP
MATERIAL /MATERIAL /
INVENTORYINVENTORY
PURCHASE & STORESPURCHASE & STORES
EVOLUTION OF ERP
1970 1980 1990 2000
MRP IIMRP II
MRPMRP
+ MANUFACTURING / QLY+ MANUFACTURING / QLY
+ PLANNING+ PLANNING
+ FINANCE+ FINANCE
ERPERP
MRP IIMRP II
+ SALES & DISTRIBUTION+ SALES & DISTRIBUTION
+ MAINTENANCE+ MAINTENANCE
+ HR+ HR
+ PROJECTS+ PROJECTS
ERP : Enterprise Resource PlanningMRP II : Manufacturing ResourcePlanningMRP : Material RequirementPlanning
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ERP VendorsERP VendorsLocal ERP
RAMCO Marshal
MASTEK Mamis
International
SAP ORACLE
JDE PeoplesoftBaan Mfg*Pro
BPCS Avalon
Local ERP
RAMCO Marshal
MASTEK Mamis
International
SAP ORACLE
JDE PeoplesoftBaan Mfg*Pro
BPCS Avalon
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System Applications & Products in Data Processing is the world's leading
provider of business software solution, providing unique support to its customers
and partners for streamlining operations and achieving significant efficiencies
throughout their supply chains.
Leader in Products and Technology - Most complete E-Business Suite
Unparalleled Global Spread 69,700 Installations in 120+ countries
The Largest Installed Base 21,600 Companies run SAP
Matchless Business Experience
Providing 25 Industry Solutions 30 years of blending industry expertise
Providing Solutions for Customers of all Sizes
Fully integrated with modular structure
Best Practices approach
AboutSAP
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SAP R/3 Modules
R/3R/3Client / ServerClient / Server
ABAP/4ABAP/4
FIFIFinancialFinancial
AccountingAccounting
COCOControllingControlling
AMAMAssetAsset
ManagementManagement
PSPSProjectProject
SystemSystem
WFWFWorkflowWorkflow
ISISIndustryIndustry
SolutionsSolutions
MMMMMaterialsMaterials
Manage-Manage-
mentment
HRHRHumanHuman
ResourcesResources
SDSDSales &Sales &
Distrib.Distrib.
PPPPProductionProduction
PlanningPlanning
QMQMQualityQuality
Manage-Manage-
mentment PMPMPlantPlant
Mainten-Mainten-
anceance
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Technical ArchitectureSAPs Client/Server Structure
Database Changes
Application Logic
User Interaction
Central DB (Stores all Data andApplication Programs)
Input Datafrom User
Output Data to
User
Output Data to
User
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What does a Basis Consultant do? 1.## What is Basis?
Illustration: SAP R/3 Basis softwareisthemiddleware of the R/3 System
R/3 Basis
components
(middleware)
External
Computing
environment
Request forcomputing
resources
UNIX
Windows NT
Informix
Oracle
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BC 010 1.## R/3s three tiered client server architecture
Illustration: Why does SAP R/3 use a
client-server architecture?
PC Software program
SAP Component
Software components
SAP Component
SAP Component
SAP Client Server Software
A B CC
B
A
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What does a Basis Consultant do? 1.## What is Basis?
Illustration: Logical Groupings orlayers of SAP R/3 Components
Those SAP R/3 software components thatspecialize in the management , storage and
retrieval of data form the Database Layer
The Database Layer
Those SAP R/3 software components that
specialize in processing business
applications form the Application Layer.
The Application Layer
Those SAP R/3 software components that
specialize in interacting with end-users
form the Presentation Layer.
The Presentation Layer
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Introduction to R/3s client/server technology.## What does a Basis Consultant do?
The Database Layer
components are installed on
one high-end database server.
Illustration: Physical distribution of R/3sthree layered client-server architecture
The Application Layer
components are installed
across one or more high-
end servers.
Presentation Layer components are installed across many PCs.
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Sales and DistributionProcessing
M
ATE
RIALS
M
AN
A
G
EM
E
NT
F I N A N C I A L A C C O U N T I N G
Salesactivity
SA
LES
INF
OR
M
ATION
SY
STEM
Sales Support
Sales
Shipping
Billing
Subsequentdelivery free
of charge
Inquiry
Quotation Contract
Deliveryfree ofcharge
Salesorder Returns
SchedulingagreementUSD
Delivery
InvoiceDebit memo Credit memo
MATERIALS
M
ANA
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Materials Management
1.Requirements
determination2. Source
determination
4. Order Processing
5. Order follow-up
6. Goods receipt &
inventory management
7. Invoice
verificat
ion
8. Payment
3. Vendor selection
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House of Finance
GL/AP/ARGL/AP/ARConsolidationsConsolidations
FIFI
ACCOUNTINGACCOUNTING
Assets and liabilitiesAssets and liabilities
. . .. . .
COCO
CONTROLLINGCONTROLLING
ProfitabilityProfitabilityCenterCenter
ProfitabilityProfitabilityCostsCosts. . .. . .
TT
RR
TREASURYTREASURY
Funds CenterFunds Center
CashCashflowflowRiskRisk
MgmtMgmt. . .. . .
GroupGroupaccountingaccounting
ECEC
EISEISInformation WarehouseInformation Warehouse
Capital investment & financingCapital investment & financing Return on investmentReturn on investmentIMIM
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Financial Accounting (FI)
- Organizational Structure -
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Organizational Structure
A hierarchy in which the organizational unitsin an enterprise are arranged according totasks and functions.
Are static data and are rarely changed Once you have decided on an organizational structure it is
not easy to change it
The definition of organization units is afundamental step, it is a critical factor in how
the company will be structured
SAP Enterprise System
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Organizational Units and Basic Settings
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Organizational Units in
R/3 - FI
Client 000
Company
Code 1000
Company
Code 2000
Company
Code 3000
Company
Code 4000
Client 001
Client 400...
Fi i l A ti (FI)
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Company
Consolidated financial statements arecreated at the company level
A company can include one or morecompany codes
All company codes must use the samechart of accounts and fiscal year
Company is not required in the definition ofan enterprise (optional)
Financial Accounting (FI)
Fi i l A ti (FI)
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Chart of Accounts
A listing of the accounts (assets,liabilities, equity, revenues, andexpenses) that are contained inthe General Ledger
A chart of accounts must beassigned to every company codein order to create the General
Ledger for that company Several company codes can usethe same chart of accounts
Financial Accounting (FI)
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Chart of Accounts
Chart of Accounts
The three steps to create and use a chart of accounts :
l Define the chart of accounts,
l Define the properties of the chart of accounts,
l Assign the chart of accounts to company codes.
CAUSIKRINT
Fi i l A ti (FI)
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Company Code
A legally independent entity
The smallest organizational unit for whichaccounting can be carried out
Business transactions are processed at this level
Accounts are managed at this level Legal financial statements, such as the balance
sheet and the income statement, are generated atthis level using the General Ledger balances
Financial Accounting (FI)
Financial Accounting (FI)
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Financial Accounting (FI)
Fiscal Year Variant
Specifies the accounting fiscal yearfor reporting purposes
Special periods are created to aid in
the quarterly or year-end adjustingprocess completed prior to preparingfinancial statements
A single fiscal year variant isassigned to each company code
Financial Accounting (FI)
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Credit Control Area
An organizational unit or area ofresponsibility created to controlcustomer credit limits
A company code is assigned to oneand only one credit control area
Multiple company codes can be
assigned to one credit control area
Financial Accounting (FI)
Financial Accounting (FI)
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Financial Accounting (FI)
Client
CompanyChart of
Accounts
Company
Code
Fiscal Year
Variant
Credit Control
Area
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l The number ranges of the
accounts
Account groupcontrol
C
General
Ledger
Cash
Matl
P/L
Liab
...
000000-099999
100000-199999
200000-299999
300000-399999
400000-499999
500000-599999
600000-699999
Cash accounts
Asst
Cash
Konto 001111
000000-099999 Accou
nt
group
Chart of accts sgmnt
Company code segment
l The field status of the fields
in the company codesegment of the master
record
Account Groups for the G/L Accounts
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General Ledger Master Data
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G/L account master Data Structure
Financial Accounting (FI)Sales and Distribution (SD)
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Accounts Receivable
Reconciliation Account
Financial Accounting (FI)Sales and Distribution (SD)
Integra
tion
Accounts Receivable
Reconciliation
950
300
Customer 142
150
Customer 123
400
Customer 135
100
Customer 189
Financial Accounting (FI)Materials Management (MM)
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Accounts Payable
Reconciliation Account
Financial Accounting (FI)Materials Management (MM)
Integra
tion
Accounts Payable
Reconciliation
950
250
Vendor 100435
200
Vendor 100234
100
Vendor 100621
300
Vendor 100846
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Materials Management (MM)
- Organizational Structures -
Unit 4
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Materials Management (MM)
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Components of Materials
Management
g ( )
Materials
Management
(MM)
Logistics
Invoice
Verification
Material
Master
Physical
Inventory
Valuation
MRP
Service
Entry
Sheet
Service
Master
Product
CatalogPurchasing
Inventory
Mgmt.
Foreign
Trade/
Customs
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Organizational Structures
Plant
Valuation Area
Storage Locations
Purchasing Organizations
Purchasing Groups
g ( )tion
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Plant
Lowest valuation area
Organizational level where MaterialRequirements (MRP) runs
Generally used to describe aproduction site, a distribution centeror centralized warehouse
May be a physical or logical unit
g ( )tion
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Valuation Area
The valuation area determines atwhich level a material is valuated(inventory value is established)
SAP R/3 allows valuation at thecompany code or plant level, butrecommends valuation area be set at
the plant level
tion
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Materials Management (MM)
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Storage Location
Subdivision of a plant
Where materials are managed(inventory management) Raw Materials
Maintenance, Repair, and Other
Finished Product
May be a physical or logical unit
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Corporate Structure
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Organization of Purchasing
Centralized/Distributed Purchasing
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Materials Management (MM)
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Organizational Relationships
PurchasingOrganization/Purchasing Group
PurchasingOrganization P001
Purchasing
Group P002
Purchasing
Group P003
Purchasing
Group P004
Purchasing
Group P001
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Materials Management (MM) Integration
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Fiscal Period
In order to execute any materialpostings, the current fiscal periodhas to be activated
By initializing the company code formaterial management, the firstmajor integration between Financial
Accounting (FI) and Logistics iscompleted
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Material Types
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Material Master
Materials Management (MM)
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Material MasterMaterial Types
Standard material types are usedin all industries. ROH: Raw Materials
Purchased externally only No sales view
HAWA: Trading Goods Always purchased externally
Sold without any change to the material
No manufacturing views exist
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Material Master
Materials Management (MM)
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Material MasterMaterial Types (continued) FERT: Finished Products
Are produced internally
Normally no purchasing views exist
- HIBE: Operating Supplies
. contain purchasing data, but not sales data
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Materials Management (MM)
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Purchasing Tolerances
A tolerance limit is set for allowedvariance before a warning/errormessage is displayed Price variance
Compares the price in the purchase order withthe valuation price stored in the material master
Maximum cash discount
This tolerance limit is set to assure that cashdiscounts do not exceed allowable discounts
Purchasing value key
Goods Receipts Tolerances
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Invoice Receipts Tolerances
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Invoice Receipts Tolerances
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Automatic Account Assignment
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All the Best for your
Interview
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