europe in the world from evidences to visions results of espon project 3.4.1 pierre beckouche...

EUROPE IN THE WORLD

From evidences to visions

Results of ESPON Project 3.4.1

Pierre BECKOUCHE (University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)Clarisse DIDELON (University of Le Havre)Claude GRASLAND (University of Paris 7 Diderot)

INTRODUCTION

Schuman's declaration and the World

Once upon a time , the 9 may 1950, ...

Evidence 1 : DIFFERENT LIMITS OF EUROPECAN BE PROPOSED.

Eurasia, Euro-Mediterranea,

Euro-Africa ?

Evidence 2 : WHOLE BETTER THAN PARTS

What is the size of EU as compared

to other world regions ?

EU27 = 12% of the world in 1999

Area SUP AGR POP URB GDP CO2 MEAN

NAFTA 16 18 7 11 26 28 17.6

ASEAN 10+3 11 14 33 28 25 24 22.4

MERCOSUR 5+5 13 7 6 10 6 3 7.4

UE 27 3 9 8 13 23 17 12.0

Rest of the World 57 52 47 38 22 28 38.7

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100.0

Evidence 3 : EUROPEAN UNION IS A SHRINKING WORLD REGION

What will be the size of EU in the

future ?

Share of World population by state (1950-2000)

EU share of world-wide population

6 %

Share of World GDP pps by state (1950-2000)

EU share of world-wide GDP pps

20%

Evidence 4 : GROWING AREAS ARE IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD

What are the consequences for

EU, Japan or USA ?

Trends of human development in EU Neighbourhood (1975-2000)

Evidence 5 : EU IS STILL A MAJOR ECONOMIC PLAYER

What is the geography of the

commercial influence of EU ?

Evidence 6 : EU IS WELL CONNECTED TO THE “GLOBAL CITY”

What are the gateway cities of

EU ?

Evidence 7 : EU IS ATTRACTIVE FOR MIGRANT BUT NOT NECESSARY WITH EXPECTED QUALIFICATION

Does migration fit with EU market needs ?

Evidence 8 : EU IS THE FIRST DONOR OF AID TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Does EU and member states share a common strategy toward developing countries ?

Evidence 9 : EU INFLUENCE IN THE WORLD IS IMPORTANT BUT UNEVEN.

Is it possible to propose a synthetic delimitation of EU influence area ?

The measure of EU gobal influence …

Global influence(34 % of information)

… balanced by two other dimensions

Colonial dimension(24 % of information)

Cultural dimension(12 % of information)

Evidence 10 : EU BORDERS ARE OF HIGH SIGNIFICANCE IN THE MINDS.

What are the mental maps of Europe for EU citizens, researchers and policy makers ?

Question 1 : What is your delimitation of Europe ?

Question 2 : Divide the World in Regions

Turkey

Russia

NorthernAfrica

Greenland

CONCLUSION

Which vision of European Union in the World ?

At less four possible visions

Workshop 1THE “CONTINENT” VISION: towards a protected and closed European territory

Workshop 2THE “CENTRE-PERIPHERY” VISION: towards a dissymmetrical EU / neighbourhood pattern

Workshop 3THE “ARCHIPELAGO” VISION: toward rising territorial polarisation

Workshop 1, 2, 3 THE “REGIONAL ” VISION: an attempt of pro-active scenario

The missing sentence of 9 may 1950 declaration...

• (FRA) « L'Europe pourra, avec des moyens accrus, poursuivre la réalisation de l'une de ses tâches essentielles : le développement du continent africain. »

• (DEU) « Europa wird dann mit vermehrten Mitteln die Verwirklichung einer seiner wesentlichsten Aufgaben verfolgen können: die Entwicklung des afrikanischen Erdteils. »

• (EN) « With increased resources Europe will be able to pursue the achievement of one of its essential tasks, namely, the development of the African continent .»

• (SPA) « Europa podrá, con mayores medios, proseguir la realización de una de sus tareas esenciales : el desarrollo del continente africano. »

• (ROM) Europa va putea, cu mult mai multe mijloace, sa treaca la realizarea unuia dintre obiectivele sale esentiale: dezvoltarea continentului african.

• (BUL) С увеличаване на ресурсите си Европа ще може да постигне успех и в една от основните си задачи - развитието на африканския континент.