exploring health inequalities in the born in bradford birth cohort study neil small, professor of...

Exploring health inequalities in the Born in Bradford birth cohort study

Neil Small,Professor of Health Research,

School of Health Studies, University of Bradford

N.A.Small@bradford.ac.ukhttp://www.brad.ac.uk/health/research/research-staff-profiles/neil-small.php

Infant Mortality RateBradford 3 year rolling averages

Infant Mortality Rate by Quintiles of Deprivation in Bradford

Rates nearly double in more deprived areas and rates within Pakistani Community higher than Bradford district rate

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1993

-199

7

1994

-199

8

1995

-199

9

1996

-200

0

1997

-200

1

1998

-200

2

1999

-200

3

2000

-200

4

2001

-200

5

2002

-200

6

2003

-200

7

2004

-200

8

2005

-200

9

Rat

e pe

r 100

0 liv

e bi

rths

Most deprived

2nd most deprived

3rd most deprived

2nd least deprived

Least deprived

Born in Bradford

A birth cohort study comprising babies born in the city between 2007 and 2011: Mothers 12453: pregnancies 13776 : fathers 3448: babies 13818

Half the babies born into the most deprived quintile of the UK’s population.

Comparing white British and Pakistani origin families.

• Different patterns of health related behavior

• Birth weight and growth – Pakistani origin infants lighter and shorter at birth. Catch up by age 2

• SIDS – 4 times less likely in Pakistani babies

• Birth defects/ congenital anomalies – cousin marriage doubles prevalence from 3 to 6% in Bradford

• Diabetes in pregnancy and low levels of vitamin D higher in Pakistani mothers

Similarities in the cohort

• Similar take up of antenatal care

• Considerable obesity in pregnant women.

• Levels of initiating and sustaining breast feeding low

• High levels of eczema, asthma and allergies

• High levels of acrylamide in diets of pregnant women

• High levels of health problems identified by teachers when children start school

• High levels of physical inactivity in children

• Similarities in reported levels of positive attitudes to living in the city.

Interventions – education/ information + projects

• Advice to health professionals re appropriate growth rates

• SIDS – what is high risk behaviour

• Health education/ promotion re cousin marriage + accurate data collection + plan care provision

• Diabetes / vitamin D – pre and early pregnancy advice

• Avoid chips and crisps.• Air quality – information to

Public Health• Improved communication

schools/health services• Open up playgrounds – PiP

project• Parenting programmes for

those at high risk re obesity

www.borninbradford.nhs.uk