exposition and the 5 paragraph rule
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MODULE 2LESSON 3:
ELEMENTS OFEFFECTIVE
PARAGRAPHS
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THREE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
1) UNITY
- oneness; harmony in the use oftenses, mood, tone, voice, idealanguage and language level, andof number.
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UNITY
Why has Chinese food become sopopular among Filipinos today? Onereason is a complete Chinese meal is
often less expensive than Italian orFrench cuisine. While beingeconomical, most Chinese dishes arealso quite healthy, containing
vegetables, soy bean curd, amongothers.
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THREE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
2) COHESION
- the smooth flow of ideas withina paragraph or a text. The traitthat makes the paragraph easilyunderstandable to a reader.
- requirements: order andconnection
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COHESION: VERBAL BRIDGES
In order for a party to be successful, you haveto make adequate plans. First, you make alist of your guests and prepare invitations to
be mailed to them. Next, you coordinate anappropriate menu with your cook or caterer.Then, you prepare the venue by cleaning itand finally decorating it according to thetheme of the party.
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COHESION: LOGICAL BRIDGES
Schools should offer courses to help studentswith the problem of unemployment. Such acourse might begin with a discussion ofwhere to find employment, then coverresume writing and interviewing. Algebra
and history do not help students withreal-world needs. They are requiredcourses that students arent interestedin, and this is frustrating for studentswho would rather learn about othersubjects. If schools offered job-skillscourses, students would be well prepared forthe difficult task of finding a job once theyfinish school.
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THREE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
3) EMPHASIS
- highlights the idea you wishyour reader to dwell on.Emphasize a point by repeating.
- especially, particularly, crucially,
most importantlyand above all
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EMPHASIS: WORD REPETITION
See your good times come tocolor in minutes: pictures
protected by an elegantfinish, pictures you can takewith an instant flash, pictures
that can be made intobeautiful enlargements.
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EMPHASIS: VARIATION IN PATTERN
Murtz Rent-a-Car is first inreliability, first in service and
last in customer complaints.
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EMPHASIS:FAMILIAR SENTENCE &
STRUCTURE FOR EMPHASIS
Id make fifty dollars in just twohours on a busy night at the
restaurant.
Fifty dollars Id make in just twohours on a busy night at therestaurant.
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EMPHASIS: POSITION IN THE SENTENCE
No one can deny that the computer has had agreat effect upon the business world.
Undeniably, the effect of the computer uponthe business world has been great.
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MODULE 3LESSON 1:
EXPOSITIONAND
THE 5-PARAGRAPH RULE
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MOTIVATION
WHAT?
WHO?
WHERE?
WHEN?
WHY?
HOW?
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TTHEHE LLASTAST LLECTUREECTUREby
Randy Pausch
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THE LAST LECTURE BY RANDY PAUSCH
WHAT?
WHO?
WHERE?
WHEN?
WHY?HOW?
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WHAT KIND OF PARAGRAPH DID YOU WRITE?
Paragraphs that:
- explain or inform
- answer a question in an essay test or explain the
steps in an experiment in the laboratory- when you are asked to do any of these tasks:
@ Tell what happened when...
@ Write a report on...@ Explain how to...
@ Describe how to...
@ Explain how to...
WHAT ARE EXPOSITORY PARAGRAPHS?
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EXPOSITORY WRITING INVOLVES
WRITING ABOUT FACTS.
REQUIREMENTS:
ACCURACY
OBJECTIVITY
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EXPOSITORY WRITING: 5 PATTERNS
1) DESCRIPTION
The author describes a topic by listingcharacteristics, features andexamples
Cue Words:for example
characteristics are
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EXPOSITORY WRITING: 5 PATTERNS
2) SEQUENCE
The author lists items or events innumerical or chronological order
Cue Words:
first nextsecond then
third finally
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EXPOSITORY WRITING: 5 PATTERNS
3) COMPARISON
The author explains how two or more
things are alike and/or how they aredifferent
Cue Words:
different same asin contrast on the other hand
alike
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EXPOSITORY WRITING: 5 PATTERNS
4) CAUSE AND EFFECT
The author lists one or more causesand the resulting effect or effects
Cue Words:
reasons why thereforeif...then because
as a result
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EXPOSITORY WRITING: 5 PATTERNS5) PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
The author states a problem and listsone or more solutions for the problem.
A variation of this pattern is thequestion-and-answer format in whichthe author poses a question and thenanswer it
Cue Words:
problem is question...answer
dilemma is
puzzle is solved
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THE 5-PARAGRAPH RULE
THE BEGINNING
Start with an introductory paragraph thatgrabs your readers attention and entices
them to read- topic sentence and supporting sentences
THE MIDDLE: Make your points in the nextthree paragraphs. These should supportyour introductory paragraph.
THE END: Close by summarizing what youhave said.
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TIPS WHEN WRITINGAN EXPOSITORY PARAGRAPH:
Stick to the 5 WC and H
Be factual, NOT
BORING!
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