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FAILINGCULVERT

SOLUTIONS

www.rinkerpipe.com | www.concretepipe.org

Tiffany Ferrell, Rinker MaterialsAl Hogan, ACPA

objective and agenda

Objectiveto empower you with resources andfundamentals to logically approach afailing or failed culvert scenario

AgendaI. Causes of deteriorationII. Overview of culvert repair methods

what is failure?

Failure can lead to roadwaycollapse or washout, areaflooding, embankment erosion, orblockage.

Culvert and Storm Drain System InspectionManual, AASHTO, First Edition 2016(Draft).

A culvert is considered to be infailure when it is no longer fit forservice.

Culvert Risk Assessment Guideline, Roadsand Traffic Authority of New South Wales,Australia, October 2008.

CAUSES OF DETERIORATION

design issues

loss of soil envelopejoint separation

structural compromisecorrosion / abrasion / excessive deformation

buoyancy | flotation concerns

installation methods

environmental | development | other

Increased runoff fromdevelopment or vegetation loss

Bedload | debris | runoff

Undermining and washout

FAILING CULVERT METHODS

Failing Culvert Solutions

Open Cut / Replace

open cut

Palm Bay Road Culvert Project

Brevard County, FL | failed 82”x112”x80’ arch CMP | replaced with RCB

open cut

Advantages• Improve durability and quality• Long-term solution• Maintain and/or improve

hydraulic capacity

Disadvantages• Impacts road users• Potentially cost prohibitive

Precast Box CulvertsEase of construction – pipe crew

No lengthy design timeReduced open trench time

Failing Culvert Solutions

Trenchless

Lining Rehab

Cured inplace

Shotcrete

Variousplastic

products

Pipe sizes4” to 108”

CIPP

deformation reflected | structural concerns must be addressed

CIPP

shotcrete

Wet process

Rebar welded toexisting structure

Invert corroded

Pipe structurallydeficient

spiral wound liner

Winding machine rotates

Edges of the profile stripsinterlock

Rotational action advancesliner through the host pipe

Watertight seal jointReduces impact of hydraulic capacity

Extends life of host pipe

trenchless – lining rehab

Disadvantages• Unable to clean mechanically

(CIPP)• Loss of hydraulic capacity• Curing Concern• Long term durability• Costs• Chemical agent release• Host pipe integrity

Advantages• Reduce road user impacts• Minimize impact to existing

roadway• Limited to no excavation• Effectively reduce

infiltration/leaks

Failing Culvert Solutions

Trenchless

Sliplining Rehab

Jacking Pipeclay, concrete,

fiberglass

Liner plate

Plastic linerwith concreteannular grout

Oldest method for rehabRepairs leaks

Restores structural stability

Typical Carrier PipeHDPE

Fiberglass RP (FRP)PVC

Tunnel liner

“Good back grouting practice ensures a proper job and helps develop thefull supporting strength of the liner ring for final loads.”

trenchless – sliplining rehab

TechniqueLong continuous pipe

Fusible PVC

Annular Space GroutedTransfers external loads

Mobilize support of existing pipe

trenchless – sliplining rehab

trenchless – sliplining rehab

trenchless – sliplining rehab

Disadvantages• Continuous generally requires

bypassing• Loss of hydraulic capacity• Long term durability• Costs (repeat)• Host pipe integrity

Advantages• Reduce road user impacts• Minimize impact to existing

roadway• Limited to no excavation• Effectively reduce

infiltration/leaks• Can be cost effective• Segmental may not require

bypassing flow

Failing Culvert Solutions

Trenchless

Tunnel & Replace

Jacking PipeConcrete

Liner plate

tunnel and replaceboring| jacking| tunneling

tunnel and replacepipe jacking

tunnel and replacepipe jacking

A shield and pipe jacking are used to consume an existing culvert with concrete pipe.

DelDOT Route 4

This was the first use of tunnelingwith reinforced concrete pipe in theState of Delaware under Route 4 to

replace a failed CMP.

A 54-inch reinforced concrete pipemanufactured with steel bands jointsand designed to withstand 400,000

lbs. of jacking force was used.

DelDOT Route 4

DelDOT Route 4 – value engineering

VE proposal submitted by Contractor

Proposed jack/tunnel in lieu of opencut

AdvantagesCost savings - $126,330Reduced MOTNo lane shiftsIncreased work zone safetyNo supporting of existing utilitiesSame contract duration (75 Days)

Cost savings primarily came from reducedmaintenance of traffic and lane shifts

along with not having to relocate existingutilities. This along with little to no traffic

disruption and increased work zonesafety made it an easy decision.

DelDOT Route 4

This successful trenchless technologyproject shows the failing metal

replaced with smooth interior, 100 +

year reinforced concrete pipe andresulted in substantial cost savingsover the original open cut design.

boring | jacking | tunneling| replace

Advantages• Reduce road user impacts

• Reduce costs

• Improve long term durability

• Improve work zone safety

• Improve hydraulic capacity

• Minimize environmental impact

• Minimize impact to existing roadwayalignment

Addresses eroded bedding/backfillMaintains hydraulic capacityEliminates sags in culverts

culvert and storm drain inspection manual

The NCHRP manual updates the 1986Federal Highway Administrations’Culvert Inspection Manual andreflects industry changes, such asnew pipe types, culvert design foralternate uses, evaluation of stormdrains and advanced inspectiontechniques.

National Cooperative HighwayResearch Program (NCHRP) Project14-26: Culvert and Storm DrainSystem Inspection Manual

This report will be printed as anAASHTO manual and should beavailable by the end of September2019.

30 January 2017 © 2017 Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc. 6

culvert and storm drain inspection manual

Culvert and Storm Drain Inspection Manual – Final Report, NCHRP Report 14-26, Transportation Research Board, Beaver, Jessie L.,and Richie, Matthew C., May 2016, http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/webinars/170130.pdf.

conclusion

“The bottom line is DOT and municipalities are allworking for indefinite life out of a culvert. Thequestion is how many interventions and repairs

will it take.”

Adam Matteo, Assistant State Structure and Bridge Engineer, VDOT

Tiffany Ferrell, Rinker Materialstiffany.Ferrell@rinkerpipe.com

www.rinkerpipe.com910-880-0882

Al Hogan, American Concrete Pipe Associationahogan@concretepipe.org

www.concretepipe.org615-351-3017