farm mechanization in punjab – an overview - dr. jaskarn singh mahal
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Farm Mechanization in Punjab – An Overview
Dr. Jaskarn Singh MahalSr. Research Engineer-cum-Head,
Deptt. of Farm Machinery & Power Engg, PAU, Ludhiana
SEED BED PREPARATION
TRACTOR OPERATED ROTAVATOR
Function:• Preparation of
seedbed in a single
operation
• For incorporating
straw and green
manuring.
• Pulverize the soil
nicely which helps in
smooth preparation
of beds for sowing
and planting of
vegetables.
Various operations performed by Various operations performed by RotavatorRotavator
Working width, cm 120 - 150
Field speed, km/h 3.0 – 4.5
Depth of operation, cm 12-15
Field capacity, ha/h 0.4-0.5
Fuel consumption, l/h 6.0 – 7.5
Saving in fuel, % 25-30
Cost, Rs. 80,000
PULVERISING ROLLER
Power Required: 35 - 45 hp Tractor
Function : Puddling & Land preparation
Crops : Wheat, Paddy, Cotton & other
crops
Capacity : 1.0 – 1.5 acre/h
Laser Land Leveler
Function Fine leveling of fields
Power required 50 hp tractor
Working width 6 feet
Water saving 20-30%
Cost, Rs. 3,25,000
SEEDING & PLANTING MACHINERY
CROP WISE SOWING MACHINERY
WHEAT
• Function : Sowing directly under unprepared field
• Machine capacity : 0.4ha/h
• Saving : 80-90 % (cost of sowing)
• Saving : 70-80 % (fuel)
TRACTOR DRAWN NO-TILL DRILL
� Functions : Used for sowing wheat under minimum tillage
�Machine capacity : 0.3ha/h
� Saves about : 40% fuel
� Saves about : 60% time
� Saves about : 40-60 % of cost of sowing
TRACTOR OPERATED STRIP TILL DRILL
Happy Seeder
• Power Required : 45 hp Tractor
• Function : Direct drilling in combine harvested paddy field
• Capacity : 0.50 – 0.75 acre/h
Germination and crop stand of Wheat in Rice Residue
Happy Seeder
In Operation
PADDY
Paddy Transplanter(Single Wheel Type)
Paddy Transplanter(4 Wheel Drive)
Paddy Transplanter(Walk Behind)
Paddy Transplanter(Single Wheel Type)
• Row spacing (cm) : 23.8
• No. of rows : 8
• Setting for plant : Two (14 cm, 17 cm)
spacing
• Achievable hills/m2 : 30, 25
• Capacity (acres/day) : 3-4
• Cost (Rs.) : 2,00,000
Walk behind Paddy
Transplanter
• Row spacing (cm) : 30
• No. of rows : 4
• Setting for plant : Four (14, 16, 18, 21 cm)
spacing
• Achievable hills/m2 : 24, 21, 18.5, 16
• Capacity (acres/day) : 3-4
• Cost (Rs.) : 2,50,000
4 Wheel Drive Transplanter
• Row spacing (cm) : 30
• No. of rows : 6
• Setting for plant : Five (12,14, 16, 18, 21 cm)
spacing
• Achievable hills/m2 : 28, 24, 21, 18.5, 16
• Capacity (acres/day) : 7-8
• Cost (Rs.) : 10-12 lac
Mat Type Nursery Sowing Technique
Direct Sowing Of Paddy
� Function : For direct drilling of paddy
� Power Required : 35 hp tractor or above
� Seed rate : 30 kg/ha
� Type of furrow opener : Inverted T type� Seed metering mechanism : Inclined plate
VEGETABLES
Vegetable Transplanter
Suitability for thecrop
Tomato, Brinjal,Cauliflower, Cabbage,
Chilli
Type of nursery used Bare root type
Type of meteringmechanism
Picker wheel type
Row spacing, cm 67 (Fixed for beds)
Water tank capacity,kg
120
Cost, ThousandRs./USD
80 (1777.8)
Crop stand transplanted by transplanter
SarsonBrinjal
Cabbage Cauliflower
Onion Seeder
Function Direct seeding of onion seed
Type of metering mechanism Inclined plate
Forward Speed (km/h) 1.0 – 1.5
Angle of inclination of inclined plate with horizontal (degree)
55
Power required 2 persons
POTATO
BELT CUP TYPE
Function: For planting of potato tubers on ridges
REVOLVING MAGAZINE TYPE
Semi Automatic Potato Planter
Function :For planting potato seeds
Automatic Potato Planter
MAIZE
Inclined Plate Planter
Inclined Plates for Planters
Ridge Planter for MaizePower required
45 hp tractor
Function For planting summer and winter maize
Capacity, ha/h
0.4
Cost (Rs.)
60,000
SUGARCANE
� Function : Planting of sugarcane sets
� Power Source : 35 hp or above tractor
� No. of trench : Two
� Capacity : 0.75- 1.0 ha/h
� Water saving : 8-10 %
� Inter row cropping : Wheat, Gram etc.
Trench Digger for Paired Row Sugarcane Planting
• Function
– Furrow Opening, Set cutting & placement, Insecticide and fertilizer application and covering of Furrow
• Salient Features
– Machine is economical to use
– Saves 60-70 % labour
– Saves about Rs. 1000/- per ha in comparison to traditional method.
– Recommended for adoption.
Sugarcane Cutter Planter
BED PLANTING
Raised Bed Planter
Function : For planting on beds
Power
requirement : Tractor (35 hp)
Field capacity : 0.3-0.4 ha/h
Increase in : 5-6 % by way yields of uniform
sowing
Saving in labor : 60-70 %
Saving in cost : 45-50 %
Bed Planter Cum Seeder
• FUNCTION
– Formation of beds and
Sowing on beds
• PERFORMANCE
- Tractor of 45 hp or above
- 67.5 cm base width
- 35 cm of top width
- 20 cm slanting height.
- Field capacity about 0.26
ha/h.
Single row wide width bed planter in operation
OILSEEDS
Oil Seed And Wheat Sowing Machine
• Power Required : 35 hp Tractor
• Function : Sowing
• Crops : Oil seed and Wheat
• Capacity : 1.0– 1.25 acre/h
FORESTRY
Tractor Operated Post Hole DiggerTractor Operated Post Hole Digger
Function:
Makes hole suitable for forestry and horticultural crops
A VIEW OF POST HOLE DIGGER IN OPERATION
Hole made by Tractor operated Post Hole Digger
Power Source Tractor above 35
hp
Depth of hole Up to 90 cm
Diameter of Hole 15 – 75 cm
Specifications & Performance
Fuel consumption, l/h 3.5-4.0
Diameter of the hole, cm 52
Max. depth of operation, cm 85
Time taken for making a hole, seconds
40-45
Capacity, holes/h 60-70
Cost of operation, Rs/pit 3.00 approx.
INTERCULTURE &
SPRAYING
Self Propelled Rotary Self Propelled Rotary WeederWeeder
Function: For weeding in wider row crops and in horticultural trees
Commercial 1 (PAU design) Commercial 2
Specifications
Parameter Commercial I Commercial IIType of machine Self-propelled Self-propelled
Power source 4.8 hp light weight diesel engine
6.5 hp light weight petrol engine
Machine suitability weeding weeding
Working width, mm 450 460
Power cut off device for ground wheel
Idler pulley Clutch
Speed ratio from gear box to sprocket on rotary weeder
9 : 4 Three speed with the help of gears,
Power cut off device Clutch & sprocket clutch
No. of blades for weeding 20 (alternatively in five rows, four on each flange)
14 ( alternatively in four rows, four on two central rows and two on side rows each
Shape of blade L-type L-C type
Type of mounting of blades on rotary shaft
Through Nut and bolts on flange
Through Nut and bolts on flange
Weeding in Flower Nursery
Weeding in Kinnow orchard
Weeding in Sugarcane
Weeding in Cotton
Performance Results of Rotary Weeder
Parameters ObservationWidth of coverage, cm 40 - 45
Depth of weeding, cm 6-10
Type of weeds Mixed
Weeding efficiency,% 80.0-94.0(depends on weed and soil
conditions)
Speed of operation, km/h 1.50-1.80
Fuel consumption, litres/h 0.9 -1.0
Machine field capacity, ha/h 0.05-0.07(weeded area)
Saving as compared to traditional method of weeding, %
Saving in costSaving in labour
55-6070-75
Weeding and EarthingEquipment
• Power required: 35 hp tractor
• Function : Weeding, earthing & fertilizer
application
• Crops : Wide Row crops on beds & flat
fields
• Capacity : 0.75 – 1.25 acre/h
• Crop : Cotton, Maize, Vegetable
(Weeding without chemicals)
Tractor operated Weeder
Power Required: 35 hp Tractor
Function : To remove weeds
Capacity : 0.4-0.5 ha/h
Demonstration of Weeding in Sugarcane
View of Sugarcane Field before and after operation of Rotary Weeder
Performance Results
Speed of operation, Km/h 2.0 -4.0
Width of machine, cm 201.5-240
Row Spacing, cm 67.5-90
Weeding efficiency, % 61-82
Damage, % <3
Width of untilled soil below housing, cm
<4.5
Labour saving, % >73
Cost saving, % >53
Power source 45 HP Tractor
Machine suitability Weeding
Power cut off device Clutch
Shape of blade Sweep type
Type of mounting of blades/sweep Through Nut and bolts on flange
Coverage area 0.2-0.4 ha/h
Saving,%
Labour saving
Cost of operation
65
60
Weed control 85-95 %
weeding
efficiency
Easiness/difficulty to handle
and maintain
Easy
Suitability to varied spacing Yes
Damage to the crop during
inter-culture
1-4 % injury to
plant
Tractor operated sweep weeder
Function: For uniform and effective application of weedicides and chemicals on vegetables and row crops
Self Propelled Boom Sprayer
Source of power 5 hp diesel engine
No. of Nozzles 12
Type of Nozzles Flat fan/any other
Nozzle spacing, cm 50 (Adjustable)
Tank capacity, litres 100
Swath width, cm 700
Tyre width, cm 10
Track width, cm 90-105 (Adjustable)
Specifications
Parameters Observations
Area covered, ha 50
Number of locations 13
Stage of crop at the time of
spray
40-50 days after
sowing
Crop row spacing, cm 20
Application rate, l/ha 250-400
Speed of operation, km/h 2.5-3.0
Machine capacity, ha/h 0.4-0.5
Fuel consumption, litres/h 0.5-0.6
Labour requirement, man-h/ha 2-3
Plant damage,% Almost negligible
Quality of spray Highly uniform
Labour saving in comparison to knapsack sprayer, %
70-80
Field Performance
Tractor Operated Aero-Blast Sprayer
• Function
– For Spraying on horticultural
trees and tall crops.
• Salient Features
– Farmers satisfied about
performance of sprayer
– About 100 machines purchased by
farmers
• Capacity : 3 acres/hr
• Speed operation : 1.5km/hr
• Tanker refilling time : 27 min
• Plant damage : Negligible
Machine capacity, ha/h 1.5-2.0
Tractor speed, km/h 1.5-2.0
Tank filling time, min 25-30
Plant damage, % Negligible
Swath width, m 13
Machine Performance
Flow rate at different valve settings and effect of tractor speed on spray volume
Valve settings Av flow Rate, l/min
Spray Volume, l/ha Time taken to empty the tank, min
Swath width 15 m
2 km 3.5 km
Swath width 20 m
2 km 3.5 km
0.5 8.44 169 96 127 72 48
1.0 8.71 174 99 131 75 46
1.5 9.42 188 108 141 81 43
2.0 11.72 234 134 176 100 34
2.5 14.9 298 170 224 128 27
3.0 19.01 380 217 285 163 22
3.5 21.61 432 247 324 185 18
View of the machine in operation
Tractor Mounted Sprayer
• Function
– Spraying mostly on cotton crop
• Limitation
– Damage to crop
– Not suitable for tall crops
Power source 25-30 hp
Type of nozzles Triple action
No. of nozzles 13
Nozzle Spacing 75 cm (adj.)
Pump discharge 18.24 l/min at 3kg/sq cm
Tank capacity 220 liters
Swath width 1200 cm
Specifications
Field capacity 2-2.5 ha/h
Forward speed 2.5-3.5 km/h
Fuel consumption 3.25 l/h
Avg nozzle discharge 600ml/min at 3kg/sq cm
Saving in comparison to knapsack spraying
Labour requirement 80-90%
Cost of operation 30-40%
Performance
Self Propelled High Clearance Sprayer
• Function
– For spraying on tall crop like cotton
Specifications
• Power Source : 20hp Diesel Engine
• Ground Clearance, mm : 1200
• No. of Nozzles : 18
• No. of Spray Guns : 2
• Nozzle Spacing, mm : 675 (Fixed)
• Tank Capacity, l : 1000
• Boom height adjustments, cm : 31.5-168.5
• Wheel Track, cm : 135
• Swath Width, mm : 10800
• Type of pump : Piston type
• Type of nozzles : Hollow cone/triple action
• Width of Coverage, mm : 13500
A view of high clearance sprayer spraying on Cotton crop
A view of high clearance sprayer spraying on fully matured tall cotton crop
A view of high clearance sprayer spraying on wheat crop
Field Performance• Field speed, km/hr : 2.2 in 1st Gear
• : 4.2 in 2nd Gear
• Average nozzle discharge : 1.427 at 50 psi
• Tank refilling time : 40 minutes
• Machine capacity : 4-5 acres/h
• Damage of branches under chassis : 2.8 percent
• Damage to branches adjusant to wheels : 10 percent
• Percent increase in yield in comparison to tractor operated
sprayer : 10 percent
• Slippage under fresh ploughed wheel
a) Under optimum moisture condition : 3.3
b) Under very high moisture condition : 6.5
Air - Assisted Sprayer
• Power required : 35 hp tractor
• Crop : Cotton
• Field capacity : 3 acre/h
• Fuel consumption : 3.5 l/h
• Reduction in insect/pest: 30 – 70 % more
as compared to conventional
Stationary view of air assisted sprayer
S.No. Parameters Specifications
1 Source of power Tractor of 35 hp and
above
2 Length of boom, cm 600
3 Blower speed, rpm 2400
4 No. of holes 75
5Diameter of holes and spacing, mm
40, 80
6 Tank capacity, lit 400
7 Material of tank Polyethylene
8 Type of pumpCentrifugal (ASPEE
make)
9 Capacity of pump, l/min 36
Specifications Of Air Assisted Boom Sprayer
A view of air sleeve boom sprayer in operation
S. No. Parameters Specifications1 Length of boom, cm 720
2 No of atomizers 18
3. Spacing between atomizers, cm
44
4 Rotation of blower, rpm
3800
5 Type of pump Three piston
6 Capacity of pump, l/min
36
7 Tank capacity, l 400
8 Material of tank Polyethylene
Specifications Of Air Sleeve Boom Sprayer
Spray Characteristics Of Air Assisted Sprayer
Forward speed, km/h
Position in plant canopy
Number of drops/cm2
Area covered by droplets (mm2 /cm2)
Volume of spray
deposition(x 10-6 cc/cm2)
Side of leaves
Section of plant
1.5 UpperTop - - -
Middle - - -
Bottom 201 10.04 683.7
UnderTop 99 4.52 318.3
Middle 69 2.85 245.7
Bottom 32 1.64 101.8
2.5 UpperTop 165 9.29 585.80
Middle 105 6.50 469.55
Bottom 87 5.75 417.53
UnderTop 97 3.13 305.70
Middle 65 2.76 205.62
Bottom 21 1.43 96.94
4.0 UpperTop 171 10.88 650.3
Middle 78 4.30 327.3
Bottom 43 3.40 202.7
UnderTop 43 3.11 109.61
Middle 23 0.93 66.02
Bottom 14 0.44 24.49
Field Performance Of Air Assisted Sprayer
Parameters Observation
Speed of operation, kmph
2.50
Field capacity, ha/h 1.15
Tank filling time, min 27
Fuel consumption, l/h 3.5
HARVESTING & THRESHING
REAPER BINDER (BCS)
Function Harvesting & Binding of Wheat
Power source 10.5 hp dieselengine
Capacity 1.0 acre/h
Working width 4 feet
Cost, Thousand Rs. 2,65,000
Tangential Axial Flow System
Straw Combine
• Power Required: 45+ hp Tractor
• Function : Straw collection & bruising
• Crops : Wheat
• Capacity : 1.0 acre/h (=1500 kg straw)
(Machines that are popular with the farmers)
Maize Combine
• Power Required : 105 hp diesel engine
• Function : Harvesting and threshing of
Maize cobs
• Capacity : 1.0 acre/h
• Cost, Rs : 19.00 lac
Moong/RayaThresher
• Power required : 7.5 hp electric motor
• Function : Moong threshing
• Type : Spike tooth axial flow
• Capacity : 250 kg/h
(Machine for crop diversification)
Maize Thresher
• Power Required : 35 hp Tractor
• Function : Shelling of Maize cobs
with husk
• Capacity : 2.0 – 2.5 t/h
(Machine for crop diversification)
Stationary View of Sunflower Thresher
Sunflower Thresher in Operation
Sunflower Thresher
Functions : To mechanize
threshing of sunflower
crop
Power Source : 25 hp tractor
Type of thresher : Axial flow
� Functions : To mechanize threshing of groundnut crop
to increase the area under the crop
� Power Source : 25 hp tractor
� Type of thresher : Axial flow
� Capacity : 200 kg/h
Groundnut Thresher(Machine for crop
diversification)
At Farmer’s Field
A view of threshed pods at farmer’s field
Performance Results
Parameter PAU Comm (PAU)
Variety M-522
Moisture content,% 15.7--20.1
Speed of threshing cylinder, rpm
275-300 400-425
Feed rate, Kg/h 1116-1167 1227-1325
Output, kg/h* 220-293 298-338
Cleaning Efficiency, % 94.2-97.0 93.2-96.4
Threshing Efficiency,%
>99 >99
Shelled pods,% 0.2-0.5 0.5-1.2
Thrower loss, % 0.6-1.4 0.7-1.5
VEGETABLES
Stationary view of tractor operated root crop harvester
Root Crop Harvester
Function
For digging of root crops like onion,
garlic, potato, carrot etc.
Parameters SpecificationsOverall dimensions, LxWxH, mm.
1500 x 1400 x 700
Blade width x thickness, mm. 1144 x 16
No. of coulter and diameter, mm.
2, 500
Gear box speed ratio 5: 27No. of agitators and lift, mm. 2, 25
Type of conveyor Chain conveyor made of M.S. rod of 9.0 mm.
Spacing between the conveyors rods, mm.
20.0 mounted of rubber straps
Width and thickness of rubber strap, mm
60, 6.0
Slope of conveyor, degree 18
Peripheral velocity of conveyor, m/s
2.10
Specifications
Root crop harvester in operation
Carrot
Garlic Turmeric
Onion
A view of demonstration of root crop harvester to Worthy Vice Chancellor and scientists from vegetable department
Parameter Root crop harvester
Onion Carrot Garlic Turmeric
Forward speed, km/h2.10 2.70 2.5 2.1 – 2.9
Machine capacity, ha/h 0.20 0.25 0.23 0.2 – 0.3
Effective digging width, cm 100-105 105 - 110 100 - 105 100 - 110
Percent of exposed bulbs 99.0 96.3 98.6 99.0
Percent of cut bulbs <1.0 2.8 1.1 2.5
Fuel consumption, l/h 4.5-5.0 4.75-5.25 4.5-5.0 5.0 – 5.25
Saving in cost of operation,% 54.74 47.12 45.91 30.48
Saving in labour, %69.00 59.20 61.41 40.97
Performance Results Of Root Crop Harvester For Digging Onion, Carrot Garlic And Turmeric Crops
GROUNDNUT
View of improved Groundnut Digger Elevator
SPECIFICATIONS
S.No. ParameterSpecification
Existing New
1 Width of blade, mm 1178 1692
2 Angle of the shaker conveyor, degree 60 (Adjustable) 60 (Adjustable)
3 Length of the shaker conveyor, mm 2708 3223
4 Space between conveyor rakes, mm 135 165
5 Number of rakes 15 19
Tractor Operated Groundnut Digger Elevator in operation
Parameter Observation
Crop variety SG-99
M. C. of the soil, % (db) 4-9
M. C. of pods, % (wb) 40-68
M. C. of crop, % (wb) 42-63
CROP PARAMETERS
PERFORMANCE RESULTS
S. No. Parameter
Observations
Ratio of belt speed to ground
speed
Tractor
Operated
Digger BladeI (1.5) II (1.1) III (0.75)
1 Speed of operation, km/h 1.81 2.67 3.85 2.74
2 Depth of operation, cm 15-20 16-18
3 Effective width of coverage, mm 1442-1557 1665
5 Digging efficiency, % 98.13 98.05 97.22 98.47
6 Pods detached on surface, % 3.83 2.96 3.27 NA
Groundnut Digger
Width of blade, m 1.73
Speed of operation, km/h 2.5-4.0
Field capacity, ha/h 0.3-0.5
Tractor power, hp >35
Forage Harvesting
Stationary View of commercially Available Self Propelled Reaper
Function:For harvesting different type of fodders.
Self Propelled Reaper
A view of machines in operation
On Barseem Crop
On Oat Crop
Field Performance of Self Propelled ReaperParameters Barseem Oat*
Forward Speed, km/h 4.8 4.8
Field capacity, ha/h 0.42 0.28
Field Efficiency (%) 66.57 45.67
Throughput, t/h 6.0 11.0
Height of Cut, cm 7 12.5
Fuel Consumption, l/h 1.1 1.6
Fuel Consumption, l/ha 2.6 5.6
* Harvested using binding attachment
• FUNCTION : Harvesting & Chopping of Tall fodders
• CUTTING WIDTH : 5 feet• MACHINE CAPACITY : 0.5 acres/h• TIME TO LOAD TROLLEY: 16-22 min
FLAIL TYPE FORAGE HARVESTER
Tractor operated forage harvester in operation harvesting bajra fodder
Chopped Fodder being Unloaded for Preparation of Silage
Field Performance of Flail type Forage Harvester
Machine Parameters Observation
Speed of operation, km/h 1.8 – 2.2
Working width, m 1.3
Field capacity, ha/h 0.13 – 0.16
Size of chopped fodder, cm 4 – 9
Labour requirement One skilled & one unskilled
Labour saving, % 70-90
Height of cut from ground level, cm 2.4 – 3.8
Fuel consumption, l/h 3.4 – 4.1
Time required to harvest trolley load of fodder, min
16 – 22
Stalk density, plants/m2 40-50
Crop height, cm 300 - 425
View of the machine in operation
Function: For harvesting and chaffing of different fodders with uniform size of cut and loading into the trolley
Mower for cutting
Chaff Cutter Cum Loader
Power Required 35 hp
Speed of operation of mower, Km/h 1.5-2.0
Effective width of cut of mower, cm 150-180
Size of cut of fodder, mm 18-20
CapacityMower, ha/hChaffer cum loader, t/h
0.20-0.2512-18
Fuel consumption, l/hMower, ha/hChaffer cum loader, t/h
3.5 – 4.04.0-4.5
Labour requirement man-h/ha
For cutting & collection
For chaffing
Total
58
25
83
Performance Results
STRAW MANAGEMENT
Two Views Of Paddy Straw In Combine Harvested Paddy Field
Rice-straw Chopper Cum Spreader
Trail Type Mounted type
Two Views Of Paddy Straw Chopper In Operation
Views Of Chopped Paddy Straw Field And After Irrigation
View Of Rotavator For Straw Incorporation And Puddled Paddy Feild
A view of paddy straw incorporated in wet conditions
A View Of Direct Wheat Sowing After 15 Days
Of Wet Mixing
Strip-till drillNo-till drill
Strip-till drillNo-till drill
A view of germination of crop
A VIEW OF GROWN-UP CROP
Strip-till drillNo-till drill
Performance ResultsParameters Flail type
Speed of operation, km/h 2.73
Height of stubble after cutting, cm
7 (4-10)*
Field capacity, ha/h. (20 m run)
0.38
Effective field capacity, ha/h 0.28
Fuel consumption, l/h 5.6
Chopped Straw size,cm
%age of straw in different
sizes
Less than 4 61.4
4 - < 7 20.2
7 - 10 5.8
More than 10 12.8
BALER
The straw/trash has immense commercial value for many industries
Straw recovery per hectare of wheat/paddy can be upto 5-10 tonne
Stationary view of tractor-operated straw baler
Straw baler in operation in combine harvested paddy field
Compacted
Bales
Balers
� Functions
Pick-up windrow
Collect and elevate
Move paddy straw to
bale-chamber entry
Pack the paddy straw in
the chamber
� Power Source : 37 kW
� Output : up to 18 tone/h
Field performance
Parameter
Field Condition
Combine harvesting
Combine harvesting + Stubble shaving
No. of stubbles/sq m 23-27 23-27
Height of stubbles, cm 35-45 2-5
Operating width, m 1.30 1.30
Forward speed, km/h 2.0 2.72
Fuel required, l/h 2.91 3.63
Field capacity, ha/h 0.26 0.36
Fuel Consumed, l/ha 11.2 10.1
Size of bales, cm 85 x 45 x 45 85 x 45 x 45
Number of bales formed/ha
205 425
Weight of one bale, kg 20-30 20-30
Pick Positioner
Operating Height 960 cm
Size of transport boxLength, 122cmWidth, 90cmHeight, 78cm
• A strong frame was mounted on the rear axle of the tractor
• Which also acts as a Roll Over Protective Structure for the safety of the tractor operator
• Hydraulic pump is mounted on the frame
• A person can stand on the platform
• Can be reach upto the total height of 9.60 m for harvesting and pruning of fruits.
Specification of Pick Postioner
S.No. Specification Value
1 Main Frame (Fixed)Length of Central columnLength of Side SupportSection size
213 cm275 cm
2 Secondary Frame (movable)Length of central linkLength of side link (lower)Length of side link (upper)
556 cm396 cm182 cm
3 Picking Bucket Size Width = 89 cmHeight = 79 cm Length = 122 cm
Contd..
S.No. Specification Value
4 Height Range 4-25 feet
5 Top Cutting Height 30-32 feet
6 RPM of Hydraulic Motor 2000 rpm
7 Oil Tank capacity 47 ltr
8 Cutting Head Manual
9 No. of Hydraulic Cylinders
Single
10 HP of Power Source 35 to 50 HP
Farmers observing pick positioner
Working View of Pick Postioner
FYM Loader
Lifting Height 95 cm
Diameter of feeder 40 cm
Breadth of intake 88 cm
Power source 35 h.p. tractor PTO operated
Operation Loading of FYM to trailer
Advantage Labour saving, protection from heat and odour, reduction in human drudgery and fatigue.
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