figure 3.2 the biology of cancer (© garland science 2007) rna tumor viruses - the rous sarcoma...

Figure 3.2 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

RNA Tumor Viruses - The Rous Sarcoma Virus Story

Retroviruses – The Very Short Course

Reteroviruses – Basic Structure

Fields Virology by Knipe et al 2007

Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Retroviruses & Their Replication

(+ Integrase & Protease)

Polyprotein

All Employ Reverse Transcriptase

Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Retroviruses & Their Replication

(+ Integrase & Protease)

Polyprotein

Figure 3.7a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

PC

EM

Normal Infected

Focus formation by an RNA Tumor Virus

Figure 3.8 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.19 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.21 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.22 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Table 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.23b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Retroviral Insertion Has the Potential to Transform by Activation of Oncogenes

Table 3.4 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

DNA TUMOR VIRUSES

Figure 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

General scheme for Replication of ds DNA Viruses

Replication & Variety of DNA Viruses

SV40 Virion Epstein-Barr VirusA Herpes Virus

HPV 16 Virion

SV40 – A Small DNA Tumor Virus in Permissive & nonPermissive Hosts

Hman Papilloma Virus (HPV) (More than 75 types)

HPV 16 & 18 are most tumorigenic

Progression from cervical SIL to invasive cervical carcinoma typically takes many years.

Outline of mechanism of HPV tumorigenisis

The Promise of Global Cervical-Cancer PreventionMark Schiffman, M.D., M.P.H., and Philip E. Castle, Ph.D., M.P.H. Cytologic screening has significantly reduced the rates of cervical cancer in many developed countries. However, cervical cancer remains a leading form of cancer among women living in low-resource regions of the world (see map) and often kills women at young ages The current standard of cervical-cancer prevention requires three clinical visits: one for screening, one for a colposcopically guided (i.e., magnified) biopsy for women with abnormal screening results, and one for treatment of precancerous conditions. Single cytologic screenings are insensitive and do not provide sustained reassurance with regard to the risk of cancer. Program effectiveness is achieved by repeated iterations of the three-visit cycle, but such repeated testing is usually unachievable in resource-limited regions. Fortunately, as discussed by Goldie et al. in this issue of the Journal (pages 2158–2168), new practical options for cervical-cancer prevention are becoming available.

Some Herpes viruses can cause cancer

EBV (Epstein Barr virus) : Burkitt’s Lymphoma; Nasopharangyel Cancer; some B cell lymphomas (LMP 1, 2 and others). Crucial interaction of environment and infection required for lymphoma induction.

HHV8/KSHV (human herpes virus 8) Kaposi’s Sarcoma (LANA -latency associated nuclear antigen )

HBV’s Extraordinary genome and mode of replication

Knipe et al 2007

Hepatitis B Virus Induced Liver Cancer