flash cards how to create flash cards. physical property

Flash CardsHow to create flash cards

Physical Property

Physical characteristic that can be observed or

measured without forming a new substance

Qualitative Property

A property that can be observed using the 5

senses(See, touch, taste, hear, smell)-Cannot be measured

using a number

Quantitative Property

A property that can be measured using a numerical value

Ex. Density, boiling point, and melting point are all quantitative properties.

States of Matter

SolidLiquid

Gas

Luster

Shines by reflecting light

Ex. Diamonds are lustrous

Malleability

Capability of being shaped by hammering

or pressing

Ex. Substances used to make car frames are malleable

Ductility

The ability of a substance to be stretched into a

wire

Ex. Copper is very ductile

Mass

The weight of an object or substance

Measured in grams (g), kilograms (kg), pounds (lbs)

Volume

The space an object or substance occupies

Often measured in mL, L, cm3

Density

A measure of the ratio between the mass of a

substance and the volume it occupies

Ex. The density of water is 1 g/ml

Magic Triangle

MD V

Density= Mass / VolumeVolume= Mass / DensityMass= Density x Volume

Transparency

The ability of light to pass through an object

Transparent (see through)Opaque (solid- no light

passes)Translucent (some light

passes)

Viscosity

The ability of a liquid to flow freely

Ex. Water has high viscosity while syrup and molasses

has low viscosity

Physical Change

A change in a substance that does not involve

forming a new substance

Chemical Property

A description of what a substance does when it reacts to produce a new substance

Ex. Flammability, Combustibility, Reactivity

Combustibility

The ability of a substance to burn quickly and easily

Ex. Magnesium is combustible

Flammability

The ability of a substance to catch fire

Ex. Ether alcohol is highly flammable

Reactivity

The likelihood that a substance will

respond/change when exposed to another substance/element

Ex. The Alkali Metals are highly reactive

5 Signs of aChemical Change

1. Bubbles are produced2. Colour change

indicating new substance3. Change of odour

4. Light and/or heat is produced

5. Precipitate is formed

Atom

The smallest unit of measurement for all matter

Subatomic Particles

-The 3 different parts of an atom

-They make up the mass of an atom

-Proton, Neutron, Electron

Proton

-Subatomic particle found in the nucleus

-Positive charge-Cannot move

Electron

-Subatomic particle found on orbit

-Negative charge-Moves from atom to

atom, causing reactions

Neutron

-Subatomic particle found in the nucleus- No charge (neutral)

-Cannot move

Element

-A pure substance in its simplest form

-Found on the periodic table-Can be identified by unique

properties

Ex. Boron (B), Carbon (C), Neon (Ne)

Molecule

A substance made up of 2 or more atoms

-Can be molecular element (Ex. O2)

-Can be molecular compound (Ex. C3H8

Compound

A substance made up of 2 or more elements

Ex. H2O or water is made of Hydrogen AND Oxygen

Atomic Number

A number assigned to an element, indicating its position in the periodic table and the number of

protons/electrons of element

Period

Rows in the periodic table

Group / Chemical Family

-Columns in periodic table

-Each element in a chemical family has

similar chemical propertiesRed= Alkali Metals

Orange= Alkaline Earth MetalsRoyal= HalogensPurple= Noble Gasses

Metals

-Shiny, malleable, conductive substances- Often solids at room

temperature-Make up the majority of

the periodic table

Non-Metals

-Dull, brittle substances that are poor conductors

of electricity- Often gas at room

temperature- Found to the right of the periodic staircase

Metalloids

-Share some characteristics of metals and some of non-metals

- Semiconductors-Found on the periodic

staircase

Decomposition

Breaking down a compound into simpler substances

Electrolysis

Electricity is used to breakdown a compound

Catalyst

Substance that speeds up a chemical change without being changed

itself

Ex. Yeast or potassium iodide is the catalyst in the Elephant

Toothpaste experiment

Interpret C3H8

C3H8

-Compound- Carbon—3 atoms

- Hydrogen—8 atoms- 11 total atoms

Bohr Rutherford DiagramEx. Boron (B)

5 P+N